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  • 1
    ISSN: 1432-1041
    Keywords: ACE inhibitors ; Chinese ; incidence of cough
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Biological cybernetics 82 (2000), S. 455-467 
    ISSN: 1432-0770
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Computer Science , Physics
    Notes: Abstract. Recent experimental results imply that inhibitory postsynaptic potentials can play a functional role in realizing synchronization of neuronal firing in the brain. In order to examine the relation between inhibition and synchronous firing of neurons theoretically, we analyze possible effects of synchronization and sensitivity enhancement caused by inhibitory inputs to neurons with a biologically realistic model of the Hodgkin-Huxley equations. The result shows that, after an inhibitory spike, the firing probability of a single postsynaptic neuron exposed to random excitatory background activity oscillates with time. The oscillation of the firing probability can be related to synchronous firing of neurons receiving an inhibitory spike simultaneously. Further, we show that when an inhibitory spike input precedes an excitatory spike input, the presence of such preceding inhibition raises the firing probability peak of the neuron after the excitatory input. The result indicates that an inhibitory spike input can enhance the sensitivity of the postsynaptic neuron to the following excitatory spike input. Two neural network models based on these effects on postsynaptic neurons caused by inhibitory inputs are proposed to demonstrate possible mechanisms of detecting particular spatiotemporal spike patterns.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Acta informatica 23 (1986), S. 267-288 
    ISSN: 1432-0525
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Computer Science
    Notes: Summary We present an optimal algorithm to determine whether a placement of N isothetic non-overlapping rectangles (macros) can be represented by a slicing tree, and if so, to find a representation of minimal height. A slicing is a recursive partition of the overall bounding rectangle, by straight horizontal or vertical cuts, into rectangular regions, each one containing exactly one macro. The algorithm first determines a representation of the empty space of the placement by means of maximally extended horizontal and vertical channels. A second phase then generates a maximal slicing tree (an ordered tree with unbounded degree and maximal branching, i.e., minimal height) in a top-down fashion. The complexity of each phase is O(N log N). The problem arises in steps (1) and (2) of our top-down approach to VLSI custom chip design, which consists of (1) floorplanning by slicing, (2) hierarchicial global wiring, and (3) detailed layout of macros.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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