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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Munksgaard International Publishers
    Allergy 58 (2003), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1398-9995
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Background:  The objective was to develop an educational instrument, to assess its impact as an intervention instrument and to examine quality of life (QoL).Methods:  119 asthmatics were randomized (64 in the intervention and 55 in the reference group). The education instrument was developed based on the EuroPharm-Forum Guidelines and its impact assessed by a self-developed questionnaire. Patients’ QoL, asthma knowledge was assessed twice, once before and after the education seminar, education was only provided for the intervention group. QoL was measured with the St George's Respiratory Questionnaire (SGRQ) and a visual analogue scale (VAS).Results:  We found significant differences in answers to the asthma questions, by 40% improvement, but no changes in the control group. In inhaler-use technique, we could not find significant changes neither in the intervention nor in the control group. There were no significant differences between the results of the two visits neither with the VAS nor with the SGRQ on the QoL data.Conclusion:  The results indicate that asthmatics experience lower QoL. As the subjects were regularly controlled asthmatics they had better general knowledge and inhaler-use technique was expected. The results suggest that it is necessary to regularly refresh asthma knowledge, to assess patients’ self-management plans to achieve long-term effectiveness of asthma management.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Astrophysics and space science 114 (1985), S. 211-231 
    ISSN: 1572-946X
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Abstract The compatibility of cosmologic principles and possible large-scale inhomogeneities of the Universe is discussed. It seems that the strongest symmetry principle compatible with reasonable inhomogeneities is full conformal symmetry in the three-space defined by the cosmological velocity field; but even then the standard model is isolated from inhomogeneous ones when the whole evolution is considered.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    ISSN: 1432-0797
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Abstract High costs associated with many fermentation processes in an increasingly competitive industry make any prompt application of modern control techniques to industrial bioprocesses very desirable. However, this is often hampered by the lack of adequate mathematical models, on the one hand, and by the absence of continuous, on-line measurement of the most relevant process variables, on the other hand. This paper addresses these problems and offers a new strategy to control continuous bioprocesses using a hierarchical structure such that neither structured process models nor continuous measurement of all relevant variables have to be available. The control system consists of two layers. The lower layer represents a dynamic adaptive follow-up control of a continuously measured output — in our case dissolved oxygen concentration. This variable is supposed to be strongly correlated with the key output variable — in our case cellular concentration which is not continuously available for measurement. The higher layer is then designed to maintain a desired profile of the process key output using a set-point optimising control technique. The Integrated System Optimisation and Parameter Estimation method used operates on an appropriately chosen steady-state performance criterion. A prerequisite for successful application of the proposed approach is an approximate steady-state model, describing the relationship between the measured output and the process key output variable. Furthermore, occasional in situ, off-line or laboratory measurement values of the key output variable are needed. Promising simulation results of the biomass concentration control, by manipulating the air flow-rate in the continuous bakers' yeast culture are presented.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Bioprocess and biosystems engineering 7 (1992), S. 363-367 
    ISSN: 1432-0797
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Abstract The problem of looking for high efficient modern control strategies in fermentation technology is very urgent, nowdays. Particular attention should be paid to the processes in fed-batch mode. Both, optimal feedforward and feedback control approaches are suggested. A contribution is considered to have been made in the feedback control where continuous and discrete versions are treated as well. The control laws are carried out by a variation calculus problem and a polynomial pole placement synthesis solution, respectively. All the algorithms result in an optimal substrate feed rate profile. On the basis of recursive least squares identification of the model coefficients an adaptive discrete-time control strategy is proposed. Some satisfying simulation results are dealt with.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Czechoslovak journal of physics 31 (1981), S. 1055-1058 
    ISSN: 1572-9486
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 6
    ISSN: 1432-203X
    Keywords: Key words Melissa officinalis ; Triacontanol ; Growth regulator ; Tissue culture ; Micropropagation
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract  Triacontanol, a long-chain primary alcohol was found to be an effective growth regulator in the micropropagation of balm, Melissa officinalis. In both the multiplication and the rooting phase, concentrations of 2, 5, 10 and 20 μg triacontanol per liter were applied. After 4 weeks of culture, the fresh weight of shoots was measured in the multiplication phase and root formation, photosynthetic activity, chlorophyll content and the fresh and dry weights of shoots were analyzed in the root induction phase. In the multiplication phase, 5 μg/l triacontanol was found to be the optimal concentration, while in the rooting phase 2 μg/l was the most effective. Triacontanol increased the number and length of roots, and it enhanced shoot growth, fresh weight, and the chlorophyll content, but it had no effect on the dry weight and the photosynthetic activity of the plants. Results of our work demonstrate that triacontanol can be applied as an effective growth regulator in the tissue culture of balm.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Astrophysics and space science 147 (1988), S. 389-389 
    ISSN: 1572-946X
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Astrophysics and space science 167 (1990), S. 347-349 
    ISSN: 1572-946X
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Astrophysics and space science 207 (1993), S. 5-15 
    ISSN: 1572-946X
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Abstract In the paper the void is modeled as a spherical underdense region surrounded by shells changing into the Friedmannian exterior. This model is in fact a single Tolman-Bondi metric, where at the edge of the void the density need not be continuous. In principle, there may exist 72 variations. These models contain also the cases, when in the void itself there is a Minkowskian vacuum; the shell crossing is not excluded, too. Some technical results are obtained for the Tolman-Bondi metric. Using them, the questions of stability and other theoretical problems are investigated. Some observational facts concerning the voids are also used. As the key result a truncation of the possible models is obtained; only 14 models are physically reasonable. This means that the universe is either hyperbolically expanding (this possibility strengthens the proposition of Bonnor and Chamorro, (1990); (1991)), or there is a shell crossing. Thus the discovery of voids is an observational support either for the open universe or for the shell crossing scenario of galaxy formation (Mészáros, 1991), where no anisotropy of microwave background radiation is needed in a baryon dominated universe.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Astrophysics and space science 181 (1991), S. 323-325 
    ISSN: 1572-946X
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Abstract The matter of the Universe after recombination is considered as an expanding gas. the Jeans-mass obtained for this gas may essentially be larger than it is usually expected. This means that the discrepancy between the theoretical Jeans-mass and the observed masses of the galaxies may be mitigated.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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