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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The islet-acinar axis of the pancreas: Is there a role for glucagon or a glucagon-like peptide? (1994)
    Springer
    Cellular and molecular life sciences 50 (1994), S. 442-446 
    Details
    ISSN: 1420-9071
    Keywords: Glucagon ; endocrine pancreas ; exocrine pancreas ; islet-acinar axis
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Intravenous glucagon inhibits exocrine pancreatic secretion in vivo, but exogenous glucagon does not affect exocrine secretion in vitro. Recent work, however, suggested that endogenous glucagon may be involved in the regulation of exocrine secretion even in vitro. We therefore investigated the effects of exogenous and endogenous glucagon on exocrine secretion by the isolated perfused rat pancreas in the presence of 1.8 mM glucose. Exogenous glucagon did not affect CCK-stimulated amylase output. 20 mM arginine stimulated glucagon release, but did not affect basal enzyme secretion. CCK-stimulated amylase output, however, was significantly inhibited in the presence of arginine. This inhibitory effect of arginine on exocrine pancreatic secretion could be blocked by glucagon antibodies, but not by nonspecific gammaglobulins. Thus exogenous glucagon failed to affect exocrine pancreatic secretion in vitro, but endogenously released glucagon or a glucagon-like peptide inhibited amylase release in the isolated perfused pancreas. We conclude that glucagon or a glucagon-like peptide may be a mediator in the islet-acinar axis.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01920743
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Prostaglandin analogue protects pancreatic B-cells against cyclosporin A toxicity (1989)
    Springer
    Cellular and molecular life sciences 45 (1989), S. 352-355 
    Details
    ISSN: 1420-9071
    Keywords: Cytoprotection ; cyclosporin ; endocrine pancreas ; insulin-secretion ; electron microscopy ; prostaglandin analogue ; rioprostil
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary Cyclosporin A toxicity on pancreatic B-cells and its prevention by rioprostil, a prostaglandin E1 analogue, were studied in the model of the isolated perfused pancreas of rats treated with both compounds for 8 days. At toxic doses of cyclosporin (10 and 20 mg/kg b.wt), the B-cells showed severe hydropic degeneration of the endoplasmatic reticulum and slight degranulation of the B-cells. Accordingly, the insulin secretion was markedly impaired. Administration of rioprostil ameliorated the insulin secretion significantly, but not the ultrastructural changes. At therapeutic levels of cyclosporin (5 mg/kg b.wt), the hydropic degeneration and the drop in insulin secretion were completely prevented by rioprostil. This observation might have therapeutic implications in the treatment of patients, in particular those undergoing pancreatic transplantation.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01957475
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Endocrine and exocrine pancreatic function after camostate-induced growth of the organ (1995)
    Springer
    Cellular and molecular life sciences 51 (1995), S. 556-560 
    Details
    ISSN: 1420-9071
    Keywords: Camostate ; endocrine and exocrine pancreas
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract It is well known that oral administration of camostate induces hyperplasia and hypertrophy of the rat pancreas. It is not clear, however, whether pancreatic hormone and enzyme secretion are affected by camostate treatment. In rats, daily administration of 200 mg camostate/kg b. wt for 14 days significantly increased pancreatic weight and pancreatic content of DNA, protein, amylase, lipase, trypsin and chymotrypsin, as well as the amount of insulin, glucagon and somatostatin. In the intact animal, blood glucose levels and serum concentrations of insulin and glucagon in response to an oral glucose load were not impaired after camostate treatment. In the isolated perfused pancreas, however, insulin and glucagon secretions were reduced, whereas somatostatin release was not affected. The volume of pancreatic juice produced by the unstimulated isolated perfused organ, as well as protein and enzyme secretion, were increased after camostate treatment. Likewise, the isolated perfused pancreas from camostate-treated rats secreted a larger volume of pancreatic juice and more protein in response to cholecystokinin (CCK), while enzyme secretion was affected in a non-parallel manner: amylase release was markedly reduced, lipase release was unchanged, and release of trypsin and chymotrypsin was increased.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02128742
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Silibinin, a plant extract with antioxidant and membrane stabilizing properties, protects exocrine pancreas from cyclosporin A toxicity (1997)
    Springer
    Cellular and molecular life sciences 53 (1997), S. 917-920 
    Details
    ISSN: 1420-9071
    Keywords: Key words. Silibinin; cyclosporin A; endocrine pancreas; exocrine pancreas; insulin; amylase.
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract. Silymarin can be extracted from the milk thistle, and silibinin is the main component of the plant extract. Possibly due to their antioxidant and membrane-stabilizing properties, the compounds have been shown to protect different organs and cells against a number of insults. Thus liver, kidney, erythrocytes and platelets have been protected from the toxic effects of ethanol, carbon tetrachloride, cold ischemia and drugs, respectively. The effect of silibinin on endocrine and exocrine pancreas, however, has not been studied. We therefore investigated whether silibinin treatment attenuates cyclosporin A (CiA) toxicity on rat endocrine and exocrine pancreas. Groups of 15 male Wistar rats were treated for 8 days with CiA and/or silibinin. On day 9, endocrine and exocrine pancreatic functions were tested in vitro. At the end of the treatment period, blood glucose levels in vivo were significantly higher in rats treated with CiA, while silibinin did not affect glucose levels. In vitro, insulin secretion was inhibited after treatment with silibinin, but amylase secretion was not affected. After treatment with CiA both insulin and amylase secretion were reduced. Silibinin and CiA had an additive inhibitory effect on insulin secretion, but silibinin attenuated CiA-induced inhibition of amylase secretion. Despite CiA treatment, amylase secretion was in fact restored to normal with the highest dose of silibinin. Thus silibinin inhibits glucose-stimulated insulin release in vitro, while not affecting blood glucose concentration in vivo. This combination of effects could be useful in the treatment of non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus. Furthermore, silibinin protects the exocrine pancreas from CiA toxicity. As this inhibitory effect is probably unspecific, silibinin may also protect the exocrine pancreas against other insult principles, such as alcohol.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s000180050111
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Paralytic ileus responding to somatostatin therapy: First manifestation of a VIPoma (1989)
    Springer
    Digestive diseases and sciences 34 (1989), S. 1803-1804 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-2568
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01540064
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Effect of cysteamine on insulin release and exocrine pancreatic secretionin vitro (1993)
    Springer
    Digestive diseases and sciences 38 (1993), S. 28-32 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-2568
    Keywords: cysteamine ; somatostatin ; insulin ; exocrine pancreas
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Cysteamine is known to deplete somatostatin from pancreatic D cells. In the isolated perfused rat pancreas we investigated its effects on somatostatin and insulin release as well as exocrine pancreatic secretion in the presence of 16.7 mM glucose and 180 pM CCK-8. At a concentration of 0.1 mM, cysteamine had no significant effect on pancreatic endocrine and exocrine functions. At 10 mM, however, cysteamine released somatostatin (380±70 vs 100±20 fmol/20 min), inhibited insulin output (890±120 vs 13210±3260 μunits/20 min) and reduced exocrine pancreatic secretion (volume: 12±2 vs 20±2 μl/20 min; lipase: 31±3 vs 60±7 units/20 min). We conclude that the complex changes induced by cysteamine are consistent with a physiological role of endogenous somatostatin in the regulation of insulin release. The reduction of exocrine pancreatic secretion, however, was at least in part, if not completely, mediated via the insuloacinar axis rather than a direct effect of cysteamine-released somatostatin on pancreatic acinar cells.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01296769
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Role of somatostatin in regulation of insular-acinar axis (1993)
    Springer
    Digestive diseases and sciences 38 (1993), S. 1537-1542 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-2568
    Keywords: somatostatin ; cysteamine ; pancreas ; insular-acinar axis
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Cysteamine is known to deplete somatostatin from pancreatic D cells. In the isolated perfused rat pancreas we investigated its effects on somatostatin and glucagon release as well as exocrine pancreatic secretion in the presence of 1.8 mM glucose. Cysteamine, 10 mM, released somatostatin, but had no effect on CCK-stimulated amylase secretion. Arginine-stimulated glucagon release, however, was significantly inhibited by cysteamine. Concomitantly we still observed stimulation of somatostatin secretion, but also a potentiation of CCK-stimulated amylase secretion. Our results are consistent with a role of somatostatin in the regulation of exocrine pancreatic secretion via its effect on pancreatic A and B cells.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01308617
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