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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Isometric Tension Changes and Shortening in Muscle Strips During Post-mortem Aging (1967)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Journal of food science 32 (1967), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1750-3841
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Post-mortem tension changes of rabbit psoas and beef geniohyoideus and semitendinosus muscle were studied. A special device was constructed and used to measure these changes while holding the muscle isometrically. It has been possible to demonstrate a pattern of tension development and cessation in rabbit muscle at 24°C and in beef muscle at 0°, 10°, and 24°C. With rabbit muscle no tension development was detected at 0° or 10°C. Initiation of tension development is affected by the ante-mortem state of the animal as well as by temperature. The post-mortem tension decline occurs after the disappearence of ATP and evidently is not related to ATP degradation. Possible relationships between post-mortem tension changes and meat tenderness are discussed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2621.1967.tb01283.x
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Experimental cross verification of damping in three metals (1975)
    Springer
    Experimental mechanics 15 (1975), S. 347-353 
    Details
    ISSN: 1741-2765
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Abstract In order to ensure a valid damping measurement based on a proposed mathematical model, various laboratory techniques may be employed which require relatively simple instrumentation from which cross correlation of the data may be obtained. Measurements were made (utilizing an accelerometer, strain gages, and a sound-level meter) under forced (3-dB frequency band or amplification factor Q) and free-vibration conditions at the fundamental and higher axial modes. Analysis (based on the viscous and complex-moduli theories) of the material damping of an aluminum alloy 2024-T4 in longitudinal vibrations shows good cross correlation between theories and experimental methods. These methods were extended to damping measurements of yellow brass and commercial steel. A multiple regression analysis was employed in the damping data reduction and was found to be useful in eliminating the data scatter. A sound-level meter was used as a noncontacting test method which proved useful even though its use does have drawbacks.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02318875
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The in-line forces acting on an elastically mounted cylinder oscillating in still water (1986)
    Springer
    Experimental mechanics 26 (1986), S. 66-70 
    Details
    ISSN: 1741-2765
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Abstract The drag and the inertia coefficients of the in-line force were determined experimentally based on the Morison equation. The interrelationship of the in-line force coefficients with the frequency ratio, the amplitude ratio, and the y-direction response were carefully examined. The experimental results show that the frequency ratio is more important in determining the drag coefficient than either the Reynolds number or the reduced velocity, and that the drag coefficient is highly coupled to the y-direction response.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02319958
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Using strain gages to measure both strain and temperature (1992)
    Springer
    Experimental mechanics 32 (1992), S. 230-233 
    Details
    ISSN: 1741-2765
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Abstract A transducer is proposed that measures both temperature and strain by using two different strain gages. The theoretical basis for designing such a transducer is developed. Experimental results indicate that the temperature signal can be measured satisfactorily.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02319360
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Base strain effects on force measurements (1996)
    Springer
    Experimental mechanics 36 (1996), S. 284-289 
    Details
    ISSN: 1741-2765
    Keywords: force transducer ; dynamic calibration ; base strain ; environmental effects
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Abstract Force transducers directly interact with their environment. In this study, a force transducer is attached to the midpoint of a free-free beam and is used to measure the force on a rigid mass that vibrates with the beam. The ratio of force to mass times acceleration is measured for several different masses over a frequency range that includes the first four odd natural frequencies of the beam. Then the force transducer is mounted so that the beam's strain is isolated from the transducer. The tests are repeated. The results dramatically illustrate the effects of base strain on the force measurements. A simple theoretical model is developed that explains the vertical axis shift in the calibration curve.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02318020
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A computer method for simulating service loads (1986)
    Springer
    Experimental mechanics 26 (1986), S. 42-46 
    Details
    ISSN: 1741-2765
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Abstract A recently presented study addressed the problem of analyzing field data that are best characterized as nonstationary stochastic signais. The analysis method hypothesizes that the nonstationary signal consists of two stationary signals, which belong to different populations, occurring consecutively according to a suitable probabilistic model. The analysis procedure involves the following: segmenting the time history, estimating the population of each segment, estimating the power spectrum of each segment, averaging the power spectra which belong to each population, presenting the power spectra via parameters of digital filters (which shape white noise sequences into sequences with the measured power spectra), and measuring the parameters of the probabilistic model. In this paper a simulation method is presented that uses the results of the analysis method mentioned above to create a sequence that simulates the statistical characteristics of the nonstationary field data. This simulation method is designed to be efficiently implemented on a general-purpose computer of any size, including micros. First, a review of the stochastic model is given. Then the steps of simulation are presented: generating a white sequence on the digital computer, generating the probabilistic model, and developing an algorithm for using digital filters in shaping the power spectra. Sample results are shown to reflect the soundness of the procedure. This simulation method can prove useful in computer studies of the fatigue of mechanical components under field loading. Since it is exactly reproducible in different laboratories, this method can also serve in comparison studies of fatigue-life prediction procedures.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02319954
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The measurement of flexural stiffness of multistranded electrical conductors while under tension (1980)
    Springer
    Experimental mechanics 20 (1980), S. 198-204 
    Details
    ISSN: 1741-2765
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Abstract The ACSR Electrical conductor is a complex structure composed of layers of aluminum wires wrapped around one another over a steel-wire core. Three different test arrangements were considered for testing the static flexural stiffness. The cross-load method was easiest to implement and avoided the problems with load-spacing sensitivity of the couple method which used two forcesQ. However, the maximum usable value of λ for test method one was around 6 or 7. This meant that the test spant had to be changed to satisty this requirement. The experimental results indicate that the static flexural stiffness increased with both axial load and clamping with automotive-type hose clamps. The static values ofEI were closer to the theoretical values predicted by the individual strand assumption than to the solid-body assumption. The dynamic results of Seppa5 and Claren and Diana6 place the flexural stiffness in the range of 74 to 91 percent of the theoretical maximum of the solid body assumption. Thus, it appears that a wide range ofEI values can be obtained under field conditions dependent on both conductor tension and frequency of oscillation. Both testing and calculation showed that cableEI was not a significant factor in modeling the static-equilibrium position of the cable bundles except around the cable supports. The question of dynamic modeling was not addressed as it was the object of the study of obtain what appeared to be the best twisted-bundle configuration by measuring the static-equilibrium positions of the model bundles.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02327599
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A hardware-oriented method for simulating service loads (1986)
    Springer
    Experimental mechanics 26 (1986), S. 56-61 
    Details
    ISSN: 1741-2765
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Abstract This is the third paper in a series which includes A Computer Method for Simulating Service Loads' (pp. 42–46) and ‘A Spectral-Analysis Method for Nonstationary Field Measurements’ (pp. 47–55). This paper presents a hardware method to digitally simulate nonstationary stochastic signals which are analyzed using the procedures outlined in the first paper. The method of analysis hypothesizes that the nonstationary signal consists of two stationary signals which belong to different populations occurring consecutively according to a suitable probabilistic model. The analysis procedure involves the following steps: segmenting the time history, estimating the population of each segment, estimating the power spectrum of each segment, averaging the power spectra which belong to each population, presenting the power spectra via parameters of digital filters which shape white-noise sequences into sequences with the measured power spectra, and measuring the parameters of the probabilistic method. This paper presents a simulation method that uses the results of the analysis method above to create a sequence that simulates the statistical characteristics of nonstationary field data. This simulation method is designed to be efficiently generated via a simple digital-electronic circuit and to be available at a high sampling rate. First a review of the stochastic model is given. The simulation method is then illustrated by means of a block diagram. The main steps of the simulation method include generation of a white sequence, generation of the probabilistic model, and digital filtering. The circuits used for these three-functions are illustrated, and sample results of the use of this hardware are presented. This simulation method can provide a fast reproducible sequence for running mechanical testing mechines.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02319956
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Damping characterization of a filled epoxy used for dynamic structural modeling (1986)
    Springer
    Experimental mechanics 26 (1986), S. 283-291 
    Details
    ISSN: 1741-2765
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Abstract This paper presents information on the usefulness of a particular aluminum-particle-filled epoxy for dynamic modeling. Damping characteristics in terms of the loss factor are presented for this epoxy and some structural metals. Though the damping of the epoxy was larger than that of any metal tested, it can still be considered small. Portal frames were modeled using the epoxy. Natural frequencies of vibration for the metal frames and epoxy models were determined. The scaled-epoxy-model frequencies accurately predicted the metal prototype frequencies. A possible area of error is pointed out with respect to the modeling of the shear modulus.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02320055
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A study of the axial-torsional coupling effect on a sagged transmission line (1986)
    Springer
    Experimental mechanics 26 (1986), S. 324-329 
    Details
    ISSN: 1741-2765
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Abstract Two mechanisms have been proposed to explain the low-frequency phenomenon of power-transmission-line galloping: the Den Hartog theory and the torsional theory. The current study proposes that the axial-torsional coupling parameter provides one tentative explanation for the torsional theory. Simpson's dynamic model was used as the basic model with modifications made to incorporate the mechanical coupling effects between axial tension and torsion of the conductor. Both the cubic-spline and the Runge-Kutta numerical techniques were used in a computer simulation of conductor dynamics. The validity of the computer-simulation results was checked against the taut string model, Shea's critical-sag criterion, and experiments with a thin-wire catenary. The results from this study show that vertical motion can be mechanically induced by the torsional motion of the cable in the absence of any air flow.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02320147
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