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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Propofol for induction of anaesthesia in children (1988)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Anaesthesia 43 (1988), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2044
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: The induction characteristics, dosage requirements, cardiovascular and respiratory effects of propofol with added lignocaine were compared with those of thiopentone and halothane inhalational induction in two groups of children aged 1–5 years and 5–10 years. Propofol induction produced significantly greater decreases in blood pressure, particularly in the 1–5-year age group. Heart rate was maintained well with all three induction techniques. Pain on injection into a vein on the dorsum of the hand was significantly more common with propofol despite the addition of lignocaine. However, this was mild in the majority of children and did not interfere with the induction of anaesthesia. The incidence of respiratory depression and other adverse effects was low with all three induction methods. The mean induction doses of both intravenous agents were greater in the 1–5-year age group. The ratio of thiopentone to propofol dose was approximately 2.5:1 in both age groups. The high incidence of pain on injection with propofol may prove to be a significant drawback to its otherwise satisfactory use in children.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2044.1988.tb09010.x
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Prolonged neuromuscular blockade with vecuronium in a neonate with renal failure (1990)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Anaesthesia 45 (1990), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2044
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: An 11-day-old neonate with renal failure caused by dysplastic kidneys was anaesthetised with thiopentone, vecuronium, nitrous oxide and oxygen, for insertion of a long-term peritoneal dialysis catheter. Complete neuromuscular block of 210 minutes’duration ensued after the initial dose of vecuronium (97 μg/kg). Partial block persisted for a further 30 minutes. The prolonged neuromuscular block in this case may have been because of proportionately greater dependence on renal clearance of vecuronium in neonates.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2044.1990.tb14444.x
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Use of the oesophageal detector device in children under one year of age (1990)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Anaesthesia 45 (1990), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2044
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: The efficacy of a modified oesophageal detector device was evaluated in a single-blind study of 20 healthy infants. It was found to be unreliable as a method to discriminate oesophageal from tracheal intubation in this age group.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2044.1990.tb14891.x
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Patient-controlled analgesia in children (1990)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Anaesthesia 45 (1990), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2044
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: We report our experience in introducing patient-controlled analgesia at the Royal Hospital for Sick Children, Glasgow. Twenty-five children used the technique after orthopaedic or general surgery using the Graseby system. The pump was loaded with 1 mg/kg morphine sulphate in 50 ml. A bolus dose of 0.02 mg/kg (1 ml) and a lockout interval of 10 minutes were the initial settings. The dose used, pain and sedation scores, respiratory rate and arterial oxygen saturation were recorded. Ages ranged from 5–15 years (mean 9.6) and the method was used for a mean of 48 hours after operation. Morphine requirements averaged 26 (μg/kg)/hour (SD 10.6). Pain control was good and sedation minimal. Adverse effects were few and minor. Education of patients, parents and nurses is essential for its success and safety. The technique is an effective and safe means of providing good quality analgesia in school age children.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2044.1990.tb14894.x
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Patient-controlled analgesia for children: a review (1992)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Pediatric anesthesia 2 (1992), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1460-9592
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: The technique of patient-controlled analgesia (PCA) has recently been applied successfully to suitable paediatric patients. PCA using morphine has been shown to be feasible, efficacious and safe even in children of 5 years of age. Adverse effects are similar to other techniques using opioids. Hypoxaemia and respiratory depression are unusual but a high dependency level of nursing supervision and oxygen saturation monitoring by pulse oximetry are recommended. Developments of the technique include nurse or parent assisted PCA, the use of other opiates such as fentanyl or alfentanil, patient-controlled variable rate infusion and patient-controlled epidural analgesia. PCA is also a powerful research tool in evaluating objectively other methods of analgesia. It will find an increasing role in paediatric practice for the management of acute and chronic pain as a major component of a comprehensive pain relief service.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1460-9592.1992.tb00480.x
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The minimum effective dose of lignocaine to prevent injection pain due to propofol in children (1992)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Anaesthesia 47 (1992), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2044
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: In a single-blind study of 100 children aged 1 to 10 years, the minimum effective dose of lignocaine required to prevent injection pain due to propofol was 0.2mg.kg−1 when veins on the dorsum of the hand were used. This is more than twice the adult value. We concluded that injection pain should not limit the use of propofol in children if an adequate amount of lignocaine is mixed immediately prior to injection.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2044.1992.tb02335.x
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    An evaluation of a new self-adhesive patch preparation of amethocaine for topical anaesthesia prior to venous cannulation in children (1993)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Anaesthesia 48 (1993), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2044
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: A new preparation of amethocaine in the form of a self-adhesive patch, designed to provide topical cutaneous anaesthesia prior to venous cannulation, was evaluated in an open study of 189 children. The new preparation of amethocaine was in place for a mean time of 48 min (SD 3.9). Eighty percent of patients had a satisfactory degree of analgesia for venous cannulation. Nine percent of patients experienced moderate pain and 11% experienced severe pain during venous cannulation. In 26% of patients there was slight (24%) or moderate (2%) erythema at the site of application, and in 5% slight oedema was noted at the site of application. Eight percent of patients had slight itching and 1% had moderate itching at the site of application. There was a clinical impression that venous dilatation made cannulation easier than with EM LA cream. These results suggest that this convenient preparation of amethocaine is highly effective at providing adequate topical cutaneous anaesthesia with a short onset time and a low incidence of minor side effects with no evidence of systemic toxicity.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2044.1993.tb07523.x
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Stridor in an adult (1989)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Anaesthesia 44 (1989), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2044
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: A 34-year-old woman with a recent history of a influenza-like illness and signs of bronchopneumonia presented with many of the features of acute epiglottitis, a condition which still carries a high mortality in adults. Urgent laryngoscopy and bronchoscopy under inhalational anaesthesia were negative. The results of arterial blood gases, taken when stridor was at its worst, revealed marked hypocapnia and respiratory alkalosis. We conclude that the resultant acute reduction of serum ionised calcium produced stridor as a result of tetany of the vocal cords. Similar cases from the literature and the role of emotional factors in the aetiology are discussed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2044.1989.tb11231.x
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Review of ethics in paediatric anaesthesia: intensive care issues (2001)
    Oxford UK : Blackwell Science Ltd
    Pediatric anesthesia 11 (2001), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1460-9592
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: This is the third of a series of three articles examining the recent changes in the law in relation to ethics and the practice of paediatric anaesthesia. The review covers, in a practical question and answer format, the topics of consent, research, intensive care issues and organ donation in children.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1460-9592.2001.00701.x
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Review of ethics in paediatric anaesthesia: consent issues (2001)
    Oxford UK : Blackwell Science Ltd
    Pediatric anesthesia 11 (2001), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1460-9592
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: The concepts of law and ethics as related to medical practice have always been of paramount importance to the medical profession. This series of three reviews, examines the changes in the law in the last 10 years in relation to ethics and the practice of paediatric anaesthesia. The reviews cover, in a practical question and answer format, the topics of consent, research, intensive care and organ donation issues in children.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1460-9592.2001.00699.x
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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