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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Effect of frequency on the fatigue behavior of [±45]4s laminate of carbon fiber reinforced polyetheretherketone (PEEK) composites under tension-tension loading (1995)
    Springer
    Journal of polymer research 2 (1995), S. 171-178 
    Details
    ISSN: 1572-8935
    Keywords: Fatigue behavior ; AS-4/PEEK ; Composites ; Weibull distribution function ; Tension-tension ; Surface temperature change
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: Abstract Fatigue behavior of carbon fiber reinforced poly etheretherketone (PEEK) laminated composite was investigated. The [±45]4s AS-4/PEEK laminated composites under static tensile measurement at various test temperatures were conducted. Three tension-tension fatigue loading frequencies, 1 Hz, 5 Hz and 10 Hz, were selected to study the effect of frequency on the fatigue behavior of [±45]4s AS-4/PEEK laminate. The survival probability of experimental fatigue life data under different stress amplitude tests were estimated and analyzed by the median rank order-statistic cumulative-distribution function and the Weibull distribution function. The S-N curves at different fatigue loading frequencies exhibited a trend of two-segment straight line curves. The increase in surface temperature of specimens was found and the thermal stress history was also investigated by thermo-image techniques during fatigue life testing. The fatigue failure mechanism was investigated by X-ray radiography.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01494253
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The influence of singular field dominance on the caustic methods
    Amsterdam : Elsevier
    Optics and Lasers in Engineering 13 (1990), S. 279-304 
    Details
    ISSN: 0143-8166
    Source: Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002
    Topics: Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics , Technology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/0143-8166(90)90049-F
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Exact transient analysis of an anti-plane semi-infinite crack subjected to dynamic body forces
    Amsterdam : Elsevier
    Wave Motion 17 (1993), S. 161-171 
    Details
    ISSN: 0165-2125
    Source: Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002
    Topics: Geosciences , Physics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/0165-2125(93)90022-8
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Interpenetrating polymer networks of polyurethane and epoxy (1994)
    Springer
    Journal of materials science 29 (1994), S. 5435-5440 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-4803
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Abstract Interpenetrating polymer networks of polyurethane, based on poly(oxypropylene)triol grafted with polyacrylonitrile and epoxy, were prepared by a simultaneous polymerization technique. The mechanical properties and morphology of the networks were investigated. As the epoxy content increased, the tensile strength of the interpenetrating polymer networks or the graft networks (in which some grafting reaction has taken place between polyurethane and the pendant hydroxyl group of epoxy) decreased. The shifts of the loss modulus peaks of the interpenetrating polymer networks and the graft-IPNs were different and their tan δ peaks shifted to a high temperature as the epoxy content increased.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01171558
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Analysis of inplane composite wedges under traction-displacement or displacement-displacement boundary conditions (1990)
    Springer
    Acta mechanica 85 (1990), S. 149-167 
    Details
    ISSN: 1619-6937
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: Summary The inplane problem of dissimilar isotropic wedges of arbitrary angles that are bonded together along a common edge is considered. The surfaces of the wedges are subjected to traction-displacement or displacement-displacement boundary conditions. The characteristic equation is derived to determine the dependence of the order of the stress singularity on the wedge angles and material constants for plane strain and plane stress problems. Numerical results for several special wedge geometries are presented for different material combinations. The asymptotic behavior of the stresses in the vicinity of the apex is also investigated. Explicit solutions for the order of stress singularity are presented for some special cases.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01181514
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Chemorheology of epoxy resin (1994)
    Springer
    Journal of materials science 29 (1994), S. 887-893 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-4803
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Abstract A secondary hydroxyl group containing epoxy resin was reacted and cross-linked with polyurethane (PU). This PU-cross-linked epoxy resin was cured with a tertiary amine and the viscosity and dynamic mechanical properties were determined by a cone-and-plate rheometer. A dual Arrhenius viscosity model was modified to predict the viscosity profile with time before gelation during non-isothermal curing, and the calculated values coincided with the experimental data. The activation energy of this system (NCO/OH ratio=30 mol%) calculated by the modified model was 13kcal mol−1 for the initial region, and 16.8 kcal mol−1 for the final region. After gelation, the dynamic complex modulus was correlated to the reaction kinetics according to the rubber elasticity theory, and the activation energy calculated was 5.2 kcal mol−1. These activation energies are all lower than those of the unmodified epoxy resin system. Consequently, the reaction rate of the PU-cross-linked epoxide system was less affected by temperature than that of the unmodified epoxide system. It was also found that the rate of increase of viscosity and dynamic moduli decreased with increasing PU content. The gelling point was estimated by rheological measurements.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00351407
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Chemorheology of epoxy resin Part I epoxy resin cured with tertiary amine (1994)
    Springer
    Journal of materials science 29 (1994), S. 721-727 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-4803
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Abstract Epoxy resin was cured with a tertiary amine. The viscosity and dynamic mechanical properties during the curing reaction were measured by a cone-and-plate rheometer. A dual Arrhenius viscosity model was modified to predict the viscosity profile before gelation during the non-isothermal curing. The viscosity profile coincided with the experimental data. The activation energy of this system calculated using the modified model was 19.8 kcal mol−1 for the first region, and 17.3 kcal mol−1 for the second region. After gelation, the dynamic complex modulus was related to the reaction kinetics according to the rubber elasticity theory, and the activation energy was 15.3 kcal mol−1. Furthermore, the gelling point can be estimated from the rheological measurements.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00445985
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Interpenetrating polymer networks of polyurethane and furfuryl alcohol, IIa. Processability and properties of pultruded fiber-reinforced composites (1994)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Angewandte Makromolekulare Chemie 218 (1994), S. 41-52 
    Details
    ISSN: 0003-3146
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Description / Table of Contents: Die Herstellung von faserverstärkten interpenetrierenden Netzwerken (IPN) aus Polyurethan (PU) und Furfurylalkohol (FA) mittels Pultrusion wurde untersucht. Wie Viskositätsmessungen zeigen, nimmt die Topfzeit der PU/FA-IPN-Präpolymeren mit steigendem PU-Gehalt zu, und die Reaktivität ist hoch bei höheren Temperaturen. Aus morphologischen Untersuchungen geht hervor, daß mit steigendem PU-Gehalt die Benetzung der Fasern mit den PU/FA-Harzen verbessert wird. Die bei Zugversuchen erhaltenen Bruchflächen der glasfaserverstärkten PU/FA-IPNs mit PU-Gehalten unter 15 phr zeigen sogenannte “hackle patterns”. Die Zugfestigkeit der pultrudierten PU/FA-IPN-Composite ist bei einem PU-Gehalt von 5 phr am höchsten; Biegefestig-keit, Biegemodul und Wärmeformbeständigkeit nehmen jedoch mit zunehmendem PU-Gehalt ab. Die mechanischen Eigenschaften der mit Glas-, Carbon- oder Aramid- fasern (Kevlar 49) verstärkten pultrudierten Composite nahmen mit steigendem Volumenanteil der Fasern zu.
    Notes: A feasibility study of pultrusion of fiber-reinforced polyurethane/furfuryl alcohol (PU/FA) interpenetrating polymer/network IPN composites has been made. From the viscosity study, it was found that the pot life of the PU/FA IPN prepolymers increased with PU content and showed high reactivity at elevated temperature. It was confirmed from the morphological study that the wetting of fibers by the PU/FA IPN resins was improved with PU content. The appearance of the tensile failure surfaces of the pultruded glass fiber-reinforced PU/FA IPN composites showed “hackle patterns” for PU contents below 15 phr. The mechanical property study shows that the tensile strength of pultruded PU/FA IPN composites is the highest when the PU content is 5 phr. However, the flexural strength, flexural modulus and HDT decreased with PU content. The mechanical properties of various fiber-reinforced (glass, carbon, and Kevlar 49 aramid fiber) pultruded PU/FA IPN composites increased with fiber volume content.
    Additional Material: 8 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/apmc.1994.052180104
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A method of moments for measuring diffusivities of gases in polymers (1976)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    AIChE Journal 22 (1976), S. 724-730 
    Details
    ISSN: 0001-1541
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: A method of moments has been formulated for the determination of the diffusivity of a gas in a polymer from a step response in a continuous permeation chamber. Contributions of system components other than the polymer are easily factored out to determine the contribution of the polymer alone, and this contribution is then analyzed to calculate the diffusivity. The method has been applied to the measurement of the diffusivities of sulfur dioxide in PTFE (Teflon) and fluorosilicone rubber tubes over a wide temperature range.
    Additional Material: 4 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aic.690220414
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Interpenetrating polymer networks of polyurethanes and epoxy resin, I. Mechanical behavior (1991)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Angewandte Makromolekulare Chemie 193 (1991), S. 89-98 
    Details
    ISSN: 0003-3146
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Description / Table of Contents: Interpenetrierende Netzwerke (IPN) aus Polyurethanen (PU) und dem Glycidylether eines Phenol-Formaldehyd-Kondensates (GEPF) wurden durch gleichzeitige Polymerisation („Cokondensation“) hergestellt. Der Einfluß des PU-Molekulargewichts und -Gehalts auf die mechanischen Eigenschaften wird diskutiert. Bei PU/GEPF IPN aus Polyester-Typ-PU nahmen mit steigendem PU-Gehalt sowohl die Zugfestigkeit als auch die Bruchenergie ab, während die Schlagfestigkeit signifikant anstieg. Demgegenüber zeigten PU/GEPF IPN aus Polyether-Typ-PU eine sinkende Heterogenität mit abnehmendem Molekulargewicht der Polyetherpolyol-Komponente im PU und dementsprechend eine Zunahme sowohl der Zugfestigkeit als auch der Bruchenergie. Die Schlagfestigkeit zeigte dagegen mit steigendem PU-Gehalt zunächst einen Anstieg zu einem Maximalwert, um dann wieder abzufallen.
    Notes: The interpenetrating polymer networks (IPNs) prepared from polyurethane (PU) and a glycidyl ether of phenol formaldehyde (GEPF) were synthesized by using a simultaneous polymerization method. The effects of PU molecular weight and amount on the mechanical property are discussed. For the PU/GEPF IPNs based on polyester-type PU, as the PU content was increased, the tensile strength and fracture energy decreased, but the impact strength increased significantly. However, for the PU/GEPF IPNs based on polyether-type PU, the extent of heterogeneity was decreased with decreasing molecular weight of polyether polyol in PU and the tensile strength and fracture energy were enhanced. The impact strength increased to a maximum value and then decreased when the PU content was further increased.
    Additional Material: 8 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/apmc.1991.051930109
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