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  • 1
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature 273 (1978), S. 253-253 
    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Quelle: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
    Notizen: [Auszug] IT is very rare that any book concerned with physical properties has one common theme running through the text. L. C. E. Struik's book is the exception to the rule in that its whole theme is devoted to showing the existence and explanation of an effect called physical ageing. The property in ...
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
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  • 2
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature 257 (1975), S. 304-305 
    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Quelle: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
    Notizen: [Auszug] Simple shear alone as generated by normal Couette flow has little effect on deforming flexible polymer molecules and can be expected to exhibit no drag reducing effect; however, extensional flows such as pure shear, axial extension and compression do have the ability to extend molecules and the ...
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
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  • 3
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature 270 (1977), S. 381-382 
    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Quelle: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
    Notizen: [Auszug] SIR,In response to the criticisms of R. S. Zahler and H. J. Sussmann we wish to point out that contrary to misleading statements they make such as "catastrophe theory is a blind alley", several examples of genuine applications of catastrophe theory already exist in the physical sciences. For ...
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
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  • 4
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Springer
    Colloid & polymer science 253 (1975), S. 261-263 
    ISSN: 1435-1536
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie , Maschinenbau
    Beschreibung / Inhaltsverzeichnis: Zusammenfassung Rotation eines leichten Drahtgeflechts in einer Polymer-Lösung führt sowohl zur Keimbildung wie zum Wachstum von Polyäthylen-Kristallen vom Typ „shish kebab”. Die „shish kebabs” bilden ein fein verteiltes Netzwerk auf dem Gazegeflecht, das direkte Beobachtungen im Elektronenmikroskop erlaubt. Sowohl hydrodynamische als auch morphologische Aspekte des Experiments werden untersucht.
    Notizen: Summary The method of slowly rotating a fine gauze in a polymer solution has been found to produce both nucleation and growth facilities for shish kebab type crystals of polyethylene. When removed from the solution the shish kebabs form a finely dispersed network on the gauze suitable for direct observation in the electron microscope. Both hydrodynamic and morphological features of the experiment are examined.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
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  • 5
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Springer
    Colloid & polymer science 253 (1975), S. 373-379 
    ISSN: 1435-1536
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie , Maschinenbau
    Beschreibung / Inhaltsverzeichnis: Zusammenfassung Untersuchungsgegenstand sind die hydrodynamischen Faktoren, die das Wachstum von verankerten faserigen Polyäthylen-Kristallen des Typs “shish kebab” beeinflussen. Das Problem ist auf seine einfachste Erscheinungsform reduziert, nämlich auf gleichförmige Strömungen parallel zur Hauptachse eines Ellipsoids mit hoher Exzentrizität. Die “Stokes”-Lösung zeigt, daß das örtliche Geschwindigkeitsgefälle in der Nähe der Enden und der seitlichen Oberfläche viel stärker ist; als das typischerweise für ein äußeres Geschwindigkeitsgefälle gilt; ebenso verweisen Größe und Natur des Geschwindigkeitsgefälles an den Enden ganz deutlich auf einen Kontrollmechanismus, durch den sich das extended chain-Gerüst der wachsenden Faser, ihr zentraler Kern ausbildet.
    Notizen: Summary Hydrodynamic factors affecting the growth of anchored ‘shish kebab’ type fibrous crystals of polyethylene are examined. The problem is reduced to its simplest form of uniform streaming parallel to the major axis of a high aspect ratio ellipsoid. TheStokes flow solution shows that local velocity gradients near the tip and the side surface are very much greater than typically applied external velocity gradients; also the magnitude and nature of the velocity gradient at the tip strongly suggests a controlling mechanism by which the chain extended backbone of the fibre forms.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
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  • 6
    ISSN: 1435-1528
    Schlagwort(e): Key words Oil-in-water emulsions ; Microstructure ; Rheology slip
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie , Physik
    Notizen: Abstract This paper reports experimental observations on the rheology and microstructure of concentrated oil-in-water emulsions stabilised by macromolecular and low-molecular-weight emulsifiers. From the four different samples that were tested, certain general trends were identified and the measured linear viscoelastic and non-linear viscoelastic properties were compared using a phenomenological factored integral constitutive equation with a continuous relaxation spectrum. The self-consistency of the model was quite good in two cases (vegetable protein and polyoxyethylene glycol non-ionic surfactant emulsifiers) with the general exception of low steady shear rate data where the model overpredicted experimental stress measurements. It is shown that the fitting of the experimental data is sensitive to a wide range of inter-relating factors. In addition, optical observations of the sheared materials consistently showed low shear rate surface slip and this observation was correlated with the rheology miss match. For some systems the optical microstructure studies reveal a range of behaviour for the emulsions dependent on emulsifier composition. Wall slip, microdomain movement, chaining and changes in droplet size distribution were all observed under different conditions and in some cases it has been possible to correlate these microstructure observations with the sample rheology.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
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  • 7
    ISSN: 1436-2449
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie , Maschinenbau , Physik
    Notizen: Abstract We report preliminary findings relating to a method of processing ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene (UHMWPE) in order to obtain extrusions that possess significant molecular orientation and improved mechanical properties. We also show that the method can be used to produce oriented extrusions of composite materials consisting of glass or carbon fibres in a matrix of UHMWPE.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
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  • 8
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Springer
    Journal of materials science 35 (2000), S. 5247-5253 
    ISSN: 1573-4803
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Maschinenbau
    Notizen: Abstract We report experimental observations on the way that flowing polyethylene melts can crystallise within a processing channel geometry. Using a recently developed Multipass Rheometer (MPR), we present rheological, rheo-optic and coupled X-ray data that follow the evolution of crystallisation, as molten polyethylene flows into a slit geometry. Optical observations show that fibrous crystallisation occurs initially at the walls of the slit and not, as expected, in the entrance region to the slit. The coupled X-ray, rheology and rheo-optic data lead us to speculate that a coil-stretch transition of the polymer chains occurs at the wall of the slit and this acts as the primary cause of fibrous X-ray nucleation. At high wall shear rates we identify evidence to suggest that slip occurs between the flowing polymer and the solid wall and this in turn causes the onset of fibrous crystallisation to be surpressed. The experimental observations are generally consistent with certain theoretical predictions made by Brochard and de Gennes.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
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  • 9
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Springer
    Journal of materials science 10 (1975), S. 1501-1509 
    ISSN: 1573-4803
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Maschinenbau
    Notizen: Abstract In situ optical observations have been made of the way polyethylene melt can crystallize whilst subject to certain longitudinal velocity gradients. In general crystallization is seen to occur as the generation of fibres 5 to 50 μm in diameter. Hydrodynamic considerations lead to the conclusion that the externally applied velocity field is responsible for the nucleation of the fibrous crystals, subsequent growth is then influenced by both the local streaming of polymer melt around the growing tip of the fibre and the external velocity field. The effect enhanced pressure has on flow induced crystallization is also examined.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
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  • 10
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    New York : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Polymer Science: Polymer Physics Edition 14 (1976), S. 1111-1119 
    ISSN: 0098-1273
    Schlagwort(e): Physics ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie , Physik
    Notizen: We report flow birefringence observations of polyethylene oxide solutions in a four roll mill where the flow field in the central region of the mill approximates well to that of pure shearing flow. When flow birefringence is observed it is seen to be highly localized within a region close to the “outgoing” asymptotic plane of flow. The phenomenon can be explained in terms of the flow birefringence corresponding to high extension of some polymer chains where the localization is caused by the chains requiring sufficient time in the flow field to become extended. This explanation has important consequences in all “persistently extensional flows” and can explain the origin of previously published results of localized flow birefringence observed for polyethylene solutions in axial compression and axial extensional flows.
    Zusätzliches Material: 8 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
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