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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The nitrogen-induced recovery of α-zein gene expression in in vitro cultured opaque2 maize endosperms depends on the genetic background (2001)
    Copenhagen : Munksgaard International Publishers
    Physiologia plantarum 112 (2001), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1399-3054
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: The effect of nitrogen nutrition on the accumulation of seed storage proteins has been studied in vitro by cultivating on agar media maize (Zea mays L.) endosperm explants from seeds at 10 days after pollination. The experiments were performed on various genetic backgrounds bearing different opaque2 (o2) mutant alleles and on the corresponding wild-type lines. In the seed of the o2 genotypes the high molecular weight α-zein polypeptides (zHs), whose transcription is Opaque2 (O2) regulated, are absent or extremely reduced. The endosperms were incubated on basal agar medium with amino acid supply. In these growth conditions, fresh and dry weights increased in both wild-type and o2 endosperms, irrespective of the genetic background. In 4 out of the 5 o2 mutant genotypes analysed we detected an accumulation of the zHs similar to the corresponding wild-type explants or seeds. However, in one of these mutants, Mo17o2R, the addition of amino acids to the culture media had no effect on the zH accumulation. We showed that the Mo17o2R behaviour is not due to a negative regulation but to the absence of putative transcription factor(s) able to regulate the zH transcription occurring in the other o2 mutants.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1034/j.1399-3054.2001.1120315.x
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Stable endosperm cell suspension cultures from wild-type and opaque-2 maize (1991)
    Springer
    Plant cell reports 9 (1991), S. 555-558 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-203X
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Stable cell suspension cultures have been established from immature endosperms of A69Y wild-type and opaque-2 maize (Zea mays L.). Cultured cells are capable of storage protein (zein) synthesis and accumulation throughout the growth period. Electrophoretic patterns of zeins show, for opaque-2 cells, the preferential inhibition of the accumulation of 22 kDa peptides typical of the mutation. Viable protoplasts, able to regenerate cell walls, as well as to divide and to express foreign DNA in transient expression experiments, can be obtained with high yields from cultures of both genotypes.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00232330
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Expression of zein in long term cultures of wildtype and opaque-2 maize endosperms (1989)
    Springer
    Plant cell reports 7 (1989), S. 639-643 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-203X
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract It has been reported that long term cell cultures from maize endosperms are not completely de-differentiated, maintaining some tissue-specific synthesis. We analyzed the expression of zein (the major storage protein of maize seeds) in cultures derived from wildtype and opaque-2 maize endosperms. In wildtype cultures, our data indicate a severe restriction in zein accumulation, resulting both from reduction of transcription and from post-transcriptional events. No detectable zein proteins and trace amounts of transcripts were found in opaque-2 cultures, which do not therefore exhibit a distinctive opaque-2 phenotype.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00272049
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Functional analysis of the regulatory region of a zein gene in transiently transformed protoplasts (1992)
    Springer
    Plant molecular biology 19 (1992), S. 257-263 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5028
    Keywords: zein promoters ; DNA-binding protein ; protoplast transformation ; GUS transient expression
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract The transcription of zein genes in maize is tissue-specific and developmentally regulated. The 5′ regulatory region of many zein genes contains two promoters, P1 and P2, lying approximately 1000 bases apart. The promoter/enhancer activity of various fragments of the two promoter regions of the zein gene E19 have been analysed by means of transient expression experiments. The results indicate that the various regions differentially affect the expression of the GUS reporter gene activity in protoplasts from tobacco leaves, maize immature endosperms and in vitro endosperm cell cultures. In tobacco protoplasts only the proximal promoter region, P2, activates GUS expression, while in endosperm culture cells only the distant promoter, P1, gives significant activity. The P1 region, both in direct and opposite orientation, stimulates a low level of GUS expression in protoplasts from immature endosperms.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00027347
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Stably transformed cell lines from protoplasts of maize endosperm suspension cultures (1994)
    Springer
    Plant cell, tissue and organ culture 37 (1994), S. 39-46 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5044
    Keywords: endosperm cell culture ; maize ; protoplast ; transformation ; zeins
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Protoplasts were isolated from Zea mays (L.) A69Y endosperm suspension cultures and transformed by polyethylene glycol mediated DNA uptake with chimaeric gene constructs containing β-glucuronidase (GUS) or neomycin phosphotransferase II (NPTII); GUS-expressing and Kanamycin-resistant cultures were recovered. The transformed cells showed integration of the introduced foreign genes into genomic DNA and maintained their ability to synthesize endosperm-specific reserve proteins (zeins). No deletion or rearrangement of zein genes were observed in transformed cultures. Stable transformation of cultured maize endosperm cells may therefore represent a new methodological approach for the study of the transcriptional regulation of endosperm-expressed genes.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00048115
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