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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Woodbury, NY : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Applied Physics Letters 75 (1999), S. 3790-3792 
    ISSN: 1077-3118
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Crystallographic grain orientations at a large number of electromigration failure sites in Al(Cu) interconnects have been measured and compared to the grain orientations away from failure sites. Electron backscattered diffraction analysis reveals a preferred in-plane orientation at failure sites. © 1999 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 67 (1990), S. 1076-1078 
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Suspensions of fine particles of cobalt in a surfactant, sodium bis(2-ethylhexyl) sulfosuccinate (AOT), were prepared by metal-atom synthesis. The particles were rods about 110 A(ring) long by 30–40 A(ring) wide. AOT in pure form shows a hexagonal columnar phase. The addition of only 2 vol % of Co particles suppresses this phase, as shown by optical microscopy and x-ray scattering. At lower Co contents, where the hexagonal phase still exists, segregation of Co particles to isotropic regions could be observed as the temperature was raised to the (H+I) two-phase region.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    s.l. : American Chemical Society
    The @journal of physical chemistry 〈Washington, DC〉 95 (1991), S. 7568-7569 
    Source: ACS Legacy Archives
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Woodbury, NY : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Applied Physics Letters 71 (1997), S. 219-221 
    ISSN: 1077-3118
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: We use electron microscopy and x-ray diffraction to study the microstructure of TiN deposited on Al. In contrast to previous work, we show that the TiN has a large ((approximate)1 μm) grain size arising from its epitaxial orientation on the underlying Al. Within a single grain, the TiN has a heavily voided columnar structure that closely mimics the appearance of fine grains. The within-grain columnar structure arises from the usual shadowing mechanism for sputtered films, and has a weak dependence on the deposition temperature. © 1997 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Woodbury, NY : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Applied Physics Letters 62 (1993), S. 1934-1936 
    ISSN: 1077-3118
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Near-edge- and extended-x-ray absorption fine structure measurements, as well as luminescence excitation and emission spectra, were obtained from samples of porous Si and siloxene. Combined, these data establish that, contrary to a recently proposed explanation, siloxene is not generally responsible for the observed room-temperature luminescence in porous Si.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Woodbury, NY : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Applied Physics Letters 61 (1992), S. 2181-2183 
    ISSN: 1077-3118
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Extended x-ray absorption fine structure measurements from Er-implanted Czochralski-grown Si samples, which exhibit strong luminescence at 1.54 μm, reveal a local sixfold coordination around Er−not of Si−but of oxygen atoms at an average distance of 2.25 A(ring). By contrast, similar concentrations of Er implanted in high purity float-zone Si samples, which are essentially optically inactive, show that Er is coordinated to 12 Si atoms at a mean distance of 3.00 A(ring).
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    s.l. : American Chemical Society
    The @journal of physical chemistry 〈Washington, DC〉 95 (1991), S. 1098-1105 
    Source: ACS Legacy Archives
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Der Anaesthesist 46 (1997), S. S159 
    ISSN: 1432-055X
    Keywords: Schlüsselwörter Epiduralanalgesie ; Geburtshilfe ; Uteriner Blutfluß ; Opioide ; PCEA ; Key words Epidural analgesia ; Obstetrics ; Uterine blood flow ; Opioids ; PCEA
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Abstract Until today, the use of epidural analgesia in obstetrics still remains controversial. In the opinion of many obstetricians the use of an epidural for a healthy laboring parturient is not necessary and can lead to potentially harmful side effects. However, painful labor leads to a maternal stress reaction with the release of epinephrine and norepinephrine. The resulting vasoconstriction of uterine arteries can induce fetal asphyxia in an otherwise healthy fetus or can aggravate asphyxia in already compromised fetusses. Several studies show that epidural analgesia can attenuate the maternal stress reaction and thereby improve maternal and fetal well-being, as long as precautions are taken. The avoidance of maternal hypotension with sufficient volume preload with lactated Ringer’s solution or colloids, and decreasing the concentration of local anaesthetics by adding opioids will prevent an increase in instrumental deliveries. With the use of patient-controlled epidural analgesia (PCEA) the amount of local anaesthetics can even further be reduced.
    Notes: Zusammenfassung Aus Angst vor potentiellen Nebenwirkungen und unter der immer noch weit verbreiteten Meinung, daß eine Schmerztherapie zur Entbindung nicht notwendig sei, wird die Anwendung einer Epiduralanalgesie auch heute noch in vielen Kliniken restriktiv gehandhabt. Die Schmerzen unter der Geburt führen jedoch zu einer mütterlichen Streßreaktion mit Ausschüttung von Noradrenalin und Adrenalin, welche über eine Vasokonstriktion in einer Abnahme des uterinen Blutflusses resultieren kann. Dies kann eine fetale Asphyxie verursachen bzw. eine bereits vorhandene Asphyxie noch verstärken. Viele Untersuchungen zeigen, daß eine gut durchgeführte Epiduralanalgesie eine mütterliche Streßreaktion mit all ihren negativen Folgen verhindern kann, und somit möglicherweise nicht nur den mütterlichen, sondern vor allem auch den Zustand des Neugeborenen verbessert. Eine wesentliche Voraussetzung hierfür ist, daß Hypotonien durch eine ausreichende Volumengabe verhindert werden. Auch die Inzidenz von instrumentellen Entbindungen wird nicht gesteigert, wenn die Lokalanästhetikakonzentration, z.B. durch den Zusatz von Opioiden so gering wie möglich gehalten wird. Der Bedarf an Lokalanästhetika läßt sich noch weiter reduzieren, wenn statt einer kontinuierlichen Infusion eine Patienten-kontrollierte Epiduralanalgesie (PCEA) durchgeführt wird.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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