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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Skin function parameters in intensive-care patients (2005)
    Oxford, UK : Munksgaard International Publishers
    Skin research and technology 11 (2005), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1600-0846
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Background/purpose: The study was performed to investigate the transepidermal water loss (TEWL) and pH-value in patients in intensive care.Methods: Forty intensive-care patients (22 men, 18 women) were included in the study. TEWL and pH-values were measured at admission, and after 24, 96 and 168 h. The areas of measurement were the forehead, the volar forearm, paraumbilical and the ventral thigh. The measurements were made under standardized environmental conditions according to the recommendations of the EMCO Group.Results: Elevated values were found on the forehead compared with the other skin areas examined. There was no significant change in mean TEWL-values in any patient in the course of the study. There was also no significant influence of TEWL at the time of admission on the prognosis. The course analysis of the mean pH-values, however, showed that patients who developed a systemic inflammatory response syndrome (SIRS) or sepsis during the further course had a higher pH-value over the entire study period.Conclusion: TEWL and the pH of the skin surface could be measured at bedside in the intensive-care unit and delivered reproducible results. These parameters appear, however, to be relevant only for subgroups of patients under intensive care.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.0909-725X.2005.00122.x
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    N-methyl-D-aspartate receptors influence the intracellular calcium concentration of keratinocytes (2004)
    Oxford, UK; Malden, USA : Munksgaard International Publishers
    Experimental dermatology 13 (2004), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1600-0625
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract: In the present study, the distribution of ionotropic glutamate receptors of the N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA)-receptor type was immunohistochemically demonstrated in healthy human skin (n = 22) and healthy buccal mucosa (n = 20). Moreover, the intracellular calcium concentration of HaCaT-cells and native human keratinocytes were studied under the influence of the selective agonist NMDA and the selective NMDA-antagonist MK-801.Immunohistochemical imaging of NMDA receptors in healthy epidermis showed a positive reaction in the stratum basale, spinosum and granulosum, whereby the greatest expression was observed in the granular layer. In the mucosal preparations, the distribution of NMDA receptors was observed to be equal in all cell layers. In the cell culture (HaCaT-cells), NMDA concentrations between 25 µM and 1 mM resulted in a significant increase in the number of cells showing elevated intracellular calcium concentration. This effect could be significantly reduced by prior application of MK-801 (100 µM). In supplementary tests on HaCaT-keratinocytes, blockade of the keratinocytic NMDA receptors with MK-801 suppressed the differentiation of the cells (expression of cytokeratin 10). The proliferation of cells was not influenced by NMDA.The investigations showed that glutamate receptors of the NMDA type have an influence on keratinocytic calcium concentration. This appears especially important for the differentiation of keratinocytes.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.0906-6705.2004.00200.x
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Hyperplasia of dermal microvascular pericytes in scleroderma (2004)
    Oxford, UK; Malden, USA : Munksgaard International Publishers
    Journal of cutaneous pathology 31 (2004), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1600-0560
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Background:  Pericytes (PCs) are smooth muscle-like mural cells of capillaries and venules, which can synthesize matrix components and fibroblast-activating cytokines, and are thus potential mediators of pathological changes in scleroderma. In this study, alterations in microvessels were quantitatively imaged, taking PC into account for the first time.Methods:  Skin biopsies from systemic (12) and localized (14) scleroderma forms as well as age-, sex-, and body location-matched controls were examined with respect to capillary and venular densities as well as endothelial cell (EC) and PC counts using a newly developed (in respect of PC and EC) indirect collagen IV immunostaining-based method.Results:  Hyperplasia of the PC that doubled the microvascular PC density was the most conspicuous characteristic. In the capillaries of the upper dermal plexus of the periphery of the sclerotic zones, median ratios of PC : EC were 0.23 (controls 0.10) or 0.18 (controls 0.11) in systemic or localized scleroderma, respectively. Furthermore, an increase in capillary density in the upper dermal plexus could be demonstrated in the marginal zones of both types of disease.Conclusions:  The observed PC increase in the peripheral zones of active disease supports the hypothesis of a vascular pathogenesis of scleroderma and directs the focus to microvascular PC.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.0303-6987.2004.00203.x
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Human dermal pericytes express 3G5 ganglioside – A new approach for microvessel histology in the skin (2001)
    Copenhagen : Munksgaard International Publishers
    Journal of cutaneous pathology 28 (2001), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1600-0560
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Background: Pericytes cover the abluminal surface of microvessels and play an important role in capillary regulation and pathology. Studies on pericytes have been hindered by the lack of specific markers with which to facilitate microscopic identification of this cell type. Expression of the cell surface 3G5 ganglioside antigen has been reported in cultured retinal and cardiac pericytes. The objective of this study was to determine the usefulness of monoclonal antibody 3G5 as a pericyte marker in human skin.Methods: Cryosections of 21 skin biopsies were examined by direct fluorescence technique with anti-3G5, anti-von Willebrand factor, anti-α-smooth muscle actin or DNA fluorochrome.Results: In human dermis, 3G5 expression is limited to pericytes discriminating this cell type from all other cells including smooth muscle cells, myofibroblasts and myoepithelial cells. We found a pericyte: endothelial cell ratio of 1:12.4 (±7.1), and a difference of α-smooth muscle actin expression between the subpapillary plexus and the microvessels of the Stratum reticulare.Conclusions: 3G5 mAB is an excellent and so far the only reported tool for identification of dermal pericytes by fluorescent light microscopy. Moreover, this is the first report of the application of 3G5 technique to the microvasculature in tissue sections at the light microscopic level.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1034/j.1600-0560.2001.028004206.x
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Generalized Hailey-Hailey disease (1978)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    British journal of dermatology 99 (1978), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2133
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: A woman of 60 developed a generalized erythroderma. The case history revealed classical symptoms of Hailey-Hailey disease for 17 years. Light- and electron microscopic investigations confirmed the diagnosis of generalized Hailey-Hailey disease—an extremely rare condition. Two additional cases with widespread clinical manifestations are presented. These observations underline the fact that the whole epidermis is genetically disturbed and may react to various insults with suprabasal acantholysis.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2133.1978.tb02024.x
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Sclerosing lymphangitis of the penis: a lymphangiofibrosis thrombotica occlusiva (1981)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    British journal of dermatology 104 (1981), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2133
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Three patients with so-called non-venereal sclerosing lymphangitis of the penis are presented. Light and electron microscopy of one case revealed a lymphatic collecting vessel with a fibrin thrombus in the process of recanalization and vessel wall fibrosis due to hyperplasia of smooth muscle cells and fibroblasts. The term ‘lymphangiofibrosis thrombotica occlusiva’ is proposed. Lymph stasis is suggested as a provoking factor for the dilatation and clinically striking firm thickening of the affected collecting vessel. No microorganisms were recognized. Within the fibrin thrombus, sprouts of endothelial cells showed intracellular vacuoles, probably indicating the first identifiable step in lymph capillary lumen formation. Signs of collagen remodelling were encountered in the thickened vessel wall.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2133.1981.tb00757.x
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The NO release test as a functional reference standard for laser Doppler fluxmetry in cutaneous microangiology (2001)
    Copenhagen : Munksgaard International Publishers
    Skin research and technology 7 (2001), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1600-0846
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Background/aims: The application of one-dimensional laser Doppler fluxmetry (LDF) to clinical research is widespread. Large intra- and interindividual fluctuations in perfusion impede the objective evaluation of studies and hinder a standardised reproducibility. Attempts are made to minimise these biological fluctuations of the measured values by means of functional tests, standardised measuring conditions and large study populations. An intraindividual fixed standard that also facilitates interindividual comparability as a reference parameter would be desirable.Methods: By applying a nitric oxide (NO) release cream, a maximal vasodilatation is produced in a circumscribed skin area and optically registered by means of LDF. An LDF quotient is defined as a measure of the reproducibility. A total of 123 test subjects with dermatological diseases were measured at intervals of 60 min on the volar underarm on clinically normal skin with and without NO release cream.Results: The LDF quotient of the NO release test represents a stable, readily reproducible individual parameter and is appropriate as a reference standard for resting flux measurements. Therefore, we define an LDF factor that includes the maximal vasodilatation as a specific assessment characteristic and thus allows a more powerful, functionally oriented assessment of the individual measurements.Conclusion: The NO release test is appropriate as a reference standard for laser Doppler fluxmetry and realises a high reproducibility of individual measurements.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1034/j.1600-0846.2001.70306.x
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The ultrastructure of mycobacterium marinum granuloma in man (1978)
    Springer
    Archives of dermatological research 262 (1978), S. 205-217 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-069X
    Keywords: Mycobacterium marinum ; Ultrastructure ; High-turnover granuloma ; Immunogenic orgin ; Intracellular collagen precursor ; Mycobaterium marinum ; Ultrastruktur ; High-turnover Granulom ; Immunogenes Granulom ; Intracelluläre Kollagenpräcursoren
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung Drei Knoten (klinisches Alter 3–5 Wochen) von 2 Patienten mit sogenannten Swimmingpool- oder Aquariumgranulomen wurden elektronenoptisch untersucht. Das cytohistologische Spektrum umfaßt sowohl akute exsudative, als auch chronische proliferative Entzündungszeichen. Bereits im 3 Wochen alten Granulom sind Epitheloidzellen und Kollagen produzierende Fibroblasten nachweisbar. Das Mycobacterium marinum-Granulom stellt gemäß dem cytologischen Aufbau ein sog. High-turnover Granulom mit allergischer Genese dar. Es entspricht damit mycobacteriellen Dermatosen bei bestehender guter Abwehrlage (Lupus vulgaris, tuberkuloide Lepra). In Abbau befindliche Mycobacterien konnten in wenigen Phagocyten entdeckt werden. Die Ultrastruktur des lebenden Erregers wird vergleichsweise von tierexperimentellem Material präsentiert. Geschwungene und ringförmige parallele Membranen (“Worm-like structures”) wurden im Cytoplasma von transformierten Makrophagen und in Fibroblasten beobachtet. Fadenförmige quergebänderte Strukturen (Periodizität 170–180 Å) im Lumen des rauhen endoplasmatischen Reticulums von einigen Fibroblasten werden als intracellulär aggregierte Kollagenpräcursoren interpretiert.
    Notes: Summary 3 biopsies of 3–5 week-old nodular lesions in 2 patients with socalled swimming-pool (aquarium-) granuloma have been examined by electron microscopy. The cytohistological spectrum simultaneously comprises acute exudative as well as chronic proliferative phenomena. Epithelioid cells and collagen producing fibroblasts already conspicious in 3 week-old granuloma. According to the cytological composition the Mycobacterium marinum granuloma represents a high-turnover granuloma with immunogenic origin. It is comparable to mycobacterial diseases in the presence of well developed cell mediated immunity (Lupus vulgaris, tuberculoid leprosy). Degrading mycobacteria have been rarely detected in phagocytes and are compared with viable bacilli in macrophages of experimentally infected mice. Curved and annular parallel membranes (“worm-like structures”) in the cytoplasm of transformed macrophages and in fibroblasts presumably originate from the membranes of endoplasmic reticulum. Cord-like structures with transverse bands (periodicity 170–180 Å) in the lumen of RER of some fibroblasts are interpreted as intracellularly aggregated collagen precursors.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00455392
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Ultrastructural detection of Haemophilus ducreyi in biopsies of chancroid (1978)
    Springer
    Archives of dermatological research 263 (1978), S. 153-157 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-069X
    Keywords: Chancroids ; Biopsies ; Haemophilus ducreyi ; Ultrastructure ; Ulcera mollia ; Biopsien ; Haemophilus ducreyi ; Ultrastruktur
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung Anläßlich einer lokalen Häufung von insgesamt 26 Ulcus molle-Fällen in Berlin (West) wurden in Biopsien coccoide Stäbchen durch ultrastrukturelle Untersuchung entdeckt. Ihre Zellwand ist ca. 120 Å dick und trilaminar entsprechend Gram-negativen Bakterien. Die Bakterien sind hinsichtlich der Zellwandstruktur sowie der Cytoplasmazusammensetzung identisch mit Haemophilus ducreyi, die kulturell von typischen Ulcera mollia gezüchtet, intermittierend mikroskopisch auf Reinheit geprüft, in tierisches Material geimpft und anschließend ultrastrukturell untersucht wurden. In menschlichem ulcerösen Gewebe finden sich die Bakterien überwiegend im Extracellulärraum und in Gruppen gelagert.
    Notes: Summary During an endemic appearance of chancroids (26 cases) in Berlin (West) coccobacilli were disclosed in biopsies by electron microscopy. The bacteria were aggregated predominantly in groups in the extracellular space. Their cell wall is approximately 120 Å thick and trilaminar as in Gram-negative bacteria. Concerning the cell wall structure and the cytoplasmic composition, the detected coccobacilli are identical to culturally grown Haemophilus ducreyi obtained from chancroids.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00446436
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Kongenitale melanozytäre Nävi (1999)
    Springer
    Der Hautarzt 50 (1999), S. 779-784 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1173
    Keywords: Schlüsselwörter Kongenitaler Nävuszellnävus ; Naevus pigmentosus congenitalis ; Malignes Melanom ; Neurokutane Melanose ; Dermabrasion ; Key words Congenital nevocellular nevus ; Congenital pigmented nevus ; Malignant melanoma ; Neurocutaneous melanosis ; Dermabrasion
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Summary Congenital melanocytic nevi are benign skin tumours with a population-based prevalence of 1–6%. They run an increased life-time risk of transformation into malignant melanoma. Additionally, they can be associated with an involvement of the leptomeninges (neurocutaneous melanosis), and may cause considerable cosmetic and psychic problems. In contrast to the past, the risk of congenital melanocytic nevi developing into melanoma is now regarded as well-established. Thus, excision is recommended whenever possible. Large lesions which do not allow complete excision should be treated by dermabrasion within the first weeks of life.
    Notes: Zusammenfassung Kongenitale melanozytäre Nävi sind gutartige, bei ca. 1–6% aller Menschen auftretende Tumoren der Haut. Sie bergen das Risiko einer Entartung zum malignen Melanom in sich, können mit einem Befall der weichen Hirnhäute vergesellschaftet sein (neurokutane Melanose) und stellen für die Betroffenen z. T. ein beachtliches kosmetisches und psychisches Problem dar. Das Entartungspotential kongenitaler Nävuszellnävi wird heute, im Gegensatz zu früheren Auffassungen, als relevant angesehen. Somit ist eine operative Entfernung grundsätzlich empfehlenswert. Große, nicht komplett exzidierbare Läsionen sollten schon in den ersten Lebenswochen durch Dermabrasion behandelt werden.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s001050050984
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