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  • 1
    ISSN: 1432-1920
    Keywords: Vein of Galen ; Arteriovenous malformation
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary An aneurysm of the vein of Galen is a rare midline arteriovenous malformation. The clinical signs and the prognosis strictly depend on age of presentation and on the amount of blood shunted into the malformation. In the newborn, cardiac failure is the most common presenting sign. In older children hydrocephalus, headache, focal neurological signs and subarachnoid bleeding may be the reason for admission. At the Hospital for Sick Children six patients with an aneurysm of the vein of Galen were studied by angiography and CT. Four of them were newborn in cardiac failure. Angiography was essential for the accurate demonstration of all the feeding vessels to the malformation and their exact location. Computed tomography also added useful information on associated hydrocephalus and ischemic brain damage. The dilated vein of Galen, straight sinus and torcular were clearly seen. Abnormal arterial vessels feeding the malformation were also recognized.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    ISSN: 1432-1459
    Keywords: Key words Alzheimer dementia ; Magnetic resonance imaging ; Temporal lobe ; Amygdala ; High ; signal lesions
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract The aim of the present study was to assess selective atrophy of the temporal lobe and amygdala in the early stages of Alzheimer dementia (AD). Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) measurements and the presence of highsignal lesions (HSL) were analysed in 31 patients with mild to moderate probable AD and 22 controls. In the AD group, MRI findings were compared with cognitive variables and specific features of memory functions. Alzheimer patients showed a significant reduction in volumetric measurement compared with controls in the total volume (P 〈 0.01), temporal lobe (P 〈 0.01) and amygdala (P 〈 0.05). The temporal lobe/brain volume ratio was also significantly reduced in AD subjects (P 〈 0.05). Atrophy of temporal structures was significantly related to the degree of episodic and semantic memory impairment according to a material-specific effect. No significant correlations between amygdala and cognitive variables were found. The results of our study confirm the usefulness of measures of temporal lobe atrophy assessed with MRI in the diagnosis of AD. In contrast, HSL are relatively common in AD patients (12/31 cases) and were not related to volumetric findings, severity of dementia or functional disability.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    ISSN: 1573-3432
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Psychology
    Notes: Abstract The hypothesis that specific computerized tomography brain-scan findings are associated with infantile autism was tested in 45 cases and 19 controls The autistic group was subdivided into serious and less-serious languageimpaired subgroups. The analysis of Euclidean Distances, a type of cluster analysis, showed that neuroradiological parameters of cases and controls, including ventricular sizes, were on the whole significantly different, but no statistically significant difference appeared between the two autistic subgroups. But the analysis of variance of each neuroradiological parameter did not show any significant difference between autistics and controls. It was concluded that autism is nonspecifically associated with brain-scan abnormalities, and that other nonorganic, as well as organic, factors should be taken into account.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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