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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Fabrication and dc, microwave characteristics of submicron Schottky-collector AlAs/In0.53Ga0.47As/InP resonant tunneling diodes (1995)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 77 (1995), S. 4819-4821 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: We report the fabrication and dc, microwave characteristics of 0.1 μm, Schottky-collector resonant tunnel diodes (SRTDs) in the AlAs/In0.53Ga0.47As/InP material system. Devices with contact areas as small as 0.05 μm2 have been fabricated using electron beam lithography with an interrupted footprint T-gate process. SRTD's fabricated with 1.4 nm AlAs barriers exhibited a 5×105 A/cm2 peak current density at 0.95 V and a −19 mS/μm2 peak negative conductance. The devices incorporate fully depleted P-doped cap layers to suppress surface leakage currents. From the measured dc and microwave characteristics, a maximum frequency of oscillation fmax=2.2 THz is estimated. © 1995 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.359405
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Evaluation of device quality germanium-germanium oxynitride interfaces by high-resolution transmission electron microscopy (1990)
    Woodbury, NY : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Applied Physics Letters 57 (1990), S. 1443-1445 
    Details
    ISSN: 1077-3118
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Previous work has shown that germanium oxynitride films grown on Ge substrates by thermal oxidation followed by nitridation provide a passivating dielectric which can be used to fabricate metal-oxynitride-semiconductor field-effect transistors. We have investigated the interfacial microstructure of this semiconductor-dielectric system with high-resolution transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and show that 21-nm-thick germanium oxynitride films grown using this technique are uniform in thickness and interfacially smooth on a scale of ±0.5 nm over lateral peak-to-peak distances on the order of 100's of nm. The germanium oxynitride was seen to be electron beam sensitive with significant damage to both the oxynitride and the semiconductor-insulator interface being observed after exposure for 15 s to 200 keV electrons at a current density of 2.250 A/cm2 at the specimen.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.104123
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Treatment of root perforation by intentional reimplantation: a case report (1999)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Dental traumatology 15 (1999), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1600-0595
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract— Intentional reimplantation is defined as a procedure in which an intentional tooth extraction is performed followed by reinsertion of the extracted tooth into its own alveolus. In this paper, intentional reimplantation is described and discussed as a treatment approach to root canal instrument separation in conjunction with root perforation. An 8-year follow-up case report is presented. The reimplanted tooth is now a fixed bridge abutment. Although successful in this case, the intentional reimplantation procedure should be considered a treatment of last resort, that is, when another treatment option is not viable for the treatment of root perforatiotdinstrument retrieval.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1600-9657.1999.tb00770.x
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    ATP activates a Ca2+-dependent Cl− current in the rat thyroid cell line, FRTL-5 (1992)
    Springer
    The journal of membrane biology 125 (1992), S. 243-253 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1424
    Keywords: ATP ; FRTL-5 ; thyroid gland ; chloride currents ; inositol trisphosphate ; calcium
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Summary The effect of external ATP on both the membrane potential and the transmembrane current of the thyroid cell line FRTL-5 has been investigated in the patch-clamp whole-cell recording configuration. In the resting situation the membrane potential is around −70 mV and the membrane acts like a K+-sensitive electrode. Application of ATP at concentrations higher than 1 μ M elicited an increase in Cl− conductance, responsible for a membrane depolarization which could be blocked by preincubation with the P2-antagonist quinidine. Chelation of intracellular Ca2+ also blocked the ATP induced changes in membrane potential and Cl− current. Intracellular perfusion with inositol trisphosphate (IP3) (50 μ M) also stimulated a Cl− current which mimicked the response induced by ATP. ATP is able to initiate a response in the absence of extracellular Ca2+, but also opens a Ca2+-influx pathway, as demonstrated by a secondary response upon Ca2+ readmission in the external medium, in the continued presence of ATP. ADP and ATP-γS were able to mimic the ATP response, whereas AMP and adenosine were unable to elicit a Cl− current. The P2X receptor agonist α,β-methyleneATP was without effect as was the P2Y receptor agonist 2-methylthio ATP. We conclude that ATP is able to elicit a large IP3-mediated Ca2+-dependent Cl− current and membrane depolarization via a novel P2-type purinergic receptor.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00236437
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Measurement of Fatigue in Cancer Patients: Development and Validation of the Fatigue Symptom Inventory (1998)
    Springer
    Quality of life research 7 (1998), S. 301-310 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-2649
    Keywords: Fatigue ; neoplasms
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Although fatigue is one of the most common and debilitating symptoms experienced by cancer patients, it has received little systematic attention. This situation is due in large part to the lack of adequate instruments to measure fatigue. The primary aim of this study was to validate a newly developed measure of fatigue for use with cancer patients: the Fatigue Symptom Inventory (FSI). This 13 item self-report measure was designed to measure the intensity and duration of fatigue and its impact on quality of life. The psychometric properties of the FSI were assessed in women undergoing treatment for breast cancer, women who had completed treatment for breast cancer and women with no history of cancer. A seven-item interference subscale was found to have good internal consistency, with α coefficients above 0.90 in all three groups. The complete FSI was found to have rather weak to moderate test-retest reliability among patients in active treatment and healthy comparison subjects assessed on three separate occasions. Convergent validity was demonstrated using comparisons with existing measures of fatigue. Construct validity was demonstrated using comparisons between and within groups as well as comparisons with measures of anxiety and depression. Overall, the FSI was established as a valid and reliable measure of fatigue in cancer patients and healthy individuals. Suggestions are made for the potential application of the measure in clinical research.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1024929829627
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    In vitro induction of lymphocyte responsiveness by aStrongylus vulgaris-derived mitogen (1984)
    Springer
    Parasitology research 70 (1984), S. 229-242 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1955
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Proliferation in vitro of peripheral blood lymphocytes both from horses infected withStrongylus vulgaris and from helminth-free ponies was observed in the presence of extracts of the fourth and fifth stage larvae and adults ofS. vulgaris. In addition,S. vulgaris extracts induced transformation in cultures of peripheral blood lymphocytes from sheep and dogs and in mouse spleen cell cultures. Nylon wool non-adherent, T cell enriched fractions of lymphocytes from both mice and horses were stimulated by theS. vulgaris larval mitogen while no proliferation was observed in cultures containing nylon wool adherent, B cell enriched fractions. Macrophage co-operation appeared not to be necessary forS. vulgaris mitogen-induced transformation of spleen cells. TheS. vulgaris mitogen stimulated a subpopulation of mouse spleen cells different from those responsive to PHA, Con A and LPS. These cells might be T helper cells since B cells were stimulated to proliferate in the presence of both T cells andS. vulgaris larval mitogen. In addition, the supernatant of in vitro cultured larvae ofS. vulgaris induced slight, but significant transformation of equine peripheral blood lymphocytes. Therefore, it is possible that theS. vulgaris mitogen released by both viable parasites and degenerating larvae might induce T cell dependent production of immunoglobulin in vivo and account for the β-globulinaemia, of which IgG(T) is a major component, inS. vulgaris infected horses.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00942226
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