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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    College Park, Md. : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    The Journal of Chemical Physics 95 (1991), S. 1189-1197 
    ISSN: 1089-7690
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: We calculate the force on a long linear polymer molecule whose one end is zippered down onto a surface or onto a line and whose other end is at a perpendicular distance R from the surface or line. Random coil statistics are used for the unattached portion of the chain. The method is extended to the case when the bonds within the zippered portion are breaking and reforming. We also consider the case where the attached portion is in the form of loops and trains. Although the energy equations of state for these various systems are different from each other, the force equation of state is always given by f=((6)1/2/l)(kTΔg)1/2, where l is the bond length between monomers and Δg is the free energy change in pulling one monomer off of the surface. The force is independent of R except for small R. Applications are discussed briefly. They include (1) self-healing systems of gels and rubbers where the cross links may be hydrogen bonds; (2) adhesion; (3) the degree of crystallinity in crystal-amorphous lamellar systems; (4) the packing of DNA into the head of a bacteriophage virus and pulling apart of double stranded DNA; (5) an insight into the theory of rubber elasticity; (6) understanding the critical force for flow in thixotropic systems.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    s.l. : American Chemical Society
    Macromolecules 20 (1987), S. 1403-1407 
    ISSN: 1520-5835
    Source: ACS Legacy Archives
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    s.l. : American Chemical Society
    Macromolecules 28 (1995), S. 4020-4022 
    ISSN: 1520-5835
    Source: ACS Legacy Archives
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    s.l. : American Chemical Society
    Macromolecules 17 (1984), S. 969-971 
    ISSN: 1520-5835
    Source: ACS Legacy Archives
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    s.l. : American Chemical Society
    Macromolecules 24 (1991), S. 1595-1604 
    ISSN: 1520-5835
    Source: ACS Legacy Archives
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    s.l. : American Chemical Society
    Macromolecules 24 (1991), S. 6012-6018 
    ISSN: 1520-5835
    Source: ACS Legacy Archives
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    s.l. : American Chemical Society
    Macromolecules 26 (1993), S. 4613-4616 
    ISSN: 1520-5835
    Source: ACS Legacy Archives
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    College Park, Md. : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    The Journal of Chemical Physics 107 (1997), S. 5510-5514 
    ISSN: 1089-7690
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The problem of a polymer molecule whose two ends reside on opposite sides of a membrane or partition separating two solutions is solved exactly in the limit of no self-excluded volume. The monomers can go from one side of the membrane to the other only by threading serially through one hole in the membrane. The ends can be free, confined to run freely on the membrane surfaces, or be fixed to specific points on the membrane. It is found that the equilibrium thermodynamic phase transition is first order in all cases so that slight changes in pH, ionic strength, or temperature can move the polymer from being completely on one side of the membrane to being completely on the other side. Application to two biological problems are suggested: (1) the breaching of cell walls by the nuclear material of T2 bacteriophages, and (2) the transport of drugs that are affixed to these translocating polymers. The relation of this newly discovered transition to four other phase transitions that occur in isolated macromolecules (helix–random coil; equilibrium polymerization; polymer collapse; surface adsorption) is briefly discussed. © 1997 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Il nuovo cimento della Società Italiana di Fisica 16 (1994), S. 1171-1176 
    ISSN: 0392-6737
    Keywords: Thermal expansion and thermomechanical effects ; Lattice theory and statistic ; Ising problems ; Polymer reactions and polymerization ; General studies of phase transitions ; Conference proceedings
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Summary The role of chemical reactions in the selection of patterns in phase-separating mixtures is presented. Linearized theory and computer simulation show that the initial long-wavelength instability characteristic of spinodal decomposition is suppressed by chemical reactions, which restrict domain growth to intermediate length scales even in the late stages of phase separation. Our findings suggest that chemical reactions may provide a novel way to stabilize and tune the steady-state morphology of phase-separating materials.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Journal of statistical physics 36 (1984), S. 897-907 
    ISSN: 1572-9613
    Keywords: Curdling of fields ; field theory ; fiber bundle physics
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Abstract It is suggested that the process of curdling is an important question for the science of fractals. A field equation which displays nucleation (curdling) of particles out of a pure radiation field is discussed. The particle formation arises naturally from the nonlinear character of the equation rather than from imposed quantization conditions. The relativistically invariant equation is $$div(\rho ^\mu (r,t,\Omega _1 )) = \int {[\rho _\mu (r,t,\Omega ),\rho ^\mu (r,t,\Omega _2 )]d} \Omega _2 $$ where ¦, ¦ denotes commutator.ρ μ (r,t,Ω) is both a 4-vector and a 2×2 matrix. It represents substance atr, t traveling with the velocity of light in direction Ω. A unique feature is that the scattering ofρ(Ω 1) byρ(Ω 2) as determined by the right-hand side of the above equation results in fields that persist at a given place even thoughρ itself represents substance traveling always at the speed of light. Explicit solutions are given for the case of one dimension. Fields representing particles are obtained and shown to have specially oscillatory structure with incipient fractal character.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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