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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Spread Monolayers of a Water-Soluble Protein (Ferritin) and Its Two- and Three-Dimensional Arrays (1994)
    s.l. : American Chemical Society
    Langmuir 10 (1994), S. 3922-3925 
    Details
    ISSN: 1520-5827
    Source: ACS Legacy Archives
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/la00023a002
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Thermal Relaxation Process of Stearate LB Films Sandwiched by Chromophoric Polymer LB Layers Studied by the Energy Transfer Method and Transmission Electron Microscopy (1994)
    s.l. : American Chemical Society
    Langmuir 10 (1994), S. 4142-4147 
    Details
    ISSN: 1520-5827
    Source: ACS Legacy Archives
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/la00023a038
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The adsorption of ethylene glycols and their cyclic compounds at the mercury-aqueous solution interface (1974)
    Springer
    Colloid & polymer science 252 (1974), S. 478-481 
    Details
    ISSN: 1435-1536
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Description / Table of Contents: Summary Differential double layer capacities were measured at the interface between mercury and aqueous solutions containing ethylene glycols and their cyclic compounds, and free energies of adsorption were calculated in order to study the structure of adsorbed layers of these compounds. Free energies for cyclic compounds were higher than those of others, more than half of the free energies of cyclic compounds were in parallel and others in inclined ring. The calculation of adsorbed amounts showed that cyclic compounds were in parallel, and others in inclined, orientation on the mercury surface. It was concluded that the adsorption of cyclic compounds was governed by the interaction between intra-molecular π-electrons and electrons of mercury surface. Free energies of adsorption per -CH2 and -OH were calculated to be -400 to-600 cal/mole, respectively.
    Notes: Zusammenfassung Die Kapazitäten der differentialen Doppelschicht an der Grenzfläche von Quecksilber und wäßrigen Lösungen von Äthylenglycol und seiner zyklischen Verbindungen wurde gemessen, und die freie Energie der Adsorption berechnet, um die Struktur der adsorbierten Schichten dieser Verbindungen zu untersuchen. Die freie Energie für die zyklischen Verbindungen war höher als diejenige der anderen, mehr als die Hälfte der freien Energie dieser zyklischen Verbindungen ist auf den Bei trag des Benzolringes zurückzuführen. Die Berechnung der adsorbierten Menge zeigte, daß die zyklischen Verbindungen parallel und die anderen geneigt an der Quecksilberoberfläche angeordnet waren. Eine Schlußfolgerung wurde daraus gezogen, daß die Adsorption der zyklischen Verbindungen durch die Wechselwirkung zwischen den intramolekularen π-Elektronen und die Elektronen auf der Quecksilberoberfläche gesteuert wurden. Die freie Energie der Adsorption pro -CH2- und -OH wurde berechnet, und sie betrug -400 bzw.-600 cal/mole.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01554754
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Electrocapillary phenomena at oil-water interfaces (1967)
    Springer
    Colloid & polymer science 221 (1967), S. 47-52 
    Details
    ISSN: 1435-1536
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung Um Aussagen über die Struktur der elektrischen Doppelschicht an Öl-Wasser-Grenzflächen zu erhalten, wurden die Elektrokapillaritätskurven von wässerigen Lösungen verschiedener anorganischer Salze in Kontakt mit der Ölphase, die grenzflächenaktive Stoffe enthielt, gemessen. Die durch Cetylpyridiniumchlorid oder cetyltrimethylammoniumchlorid in der Ölphase bewirkte Erniedrigung der Grenzflächenspannung wurde im Bereich der kationischen Polarisation durch Kaliumhalogenide in der wässerigen Phase aufgehoben. Die Wirkung des anorganischen Salzes wurde mit zunehmendem Anionenradius stärker. Die durch Natriumdodecylbenzolsulfonat bewirkte Erniedrigung der Grenzflächenspannung wurde durch die Kaliumhalogenide im Bereich der anodischen Polarisation aufgehoben. Die Wirkung zweiwertiger Kationen lief parallel mit der Bindungsfestigkeit dieser Ionen an Chondroitinsulfat. Diese Ergebnisse weisen darauf hin, daß die adsorbierten grenzflächenaktiven Ionen in ihrer Wirkung durch die Bindung von Gegenionen neutralisiert werden und daß die polaren Gruppen der an der Öl-Wasser-Grenzfläche orientierten grenzflächenaktiven Molekeln in die wässerige Phase eindringen.
    Notes: Summary In order to discuss the structure of the electrical double layer at the oil-water interface, we measured the electrocapillary curves for various inorganic electrolyte aqueous solutions (aq. phase) in contact with the oil phase containing surface active agents (oil phase). When the aqueous phase contained the potassium halide, the depression of the interfacial tension over the cathodic polarization range due to the adsorption of the surface active agent, i. e. cetyl pyridinium chloride or cytyltrimethylammonium chloride, was suppressed strongly. The suppression was larger for the anion of larger crystal radius. This phenomenon indicated that the adsorbed surface active ion was neutralised by the binding of counter-ions. When the oil phase contained sodium dodecylbenzenesulphonate, the interfacial tension was depressed over the anodic polarization region. This depression was again suppressed by the counter-ion binding. The order of this suppression for various divalent cations agreed with that of the binding ability to chondroitin sulphate. Moreover, high valent cations had strong binding ability. These counter-ion binding support the idea of the penetration of polar groups of orientated surface active agents into the aqueous phase at the oil-water interface.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02091923
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The coalescence of mercury droplets in aqueous solutions in the presence of surface active materials (1965)
    Springer
    Colloid & polymer science 201 (1965), S. 147-154 
    Details
    ISSN: 1435-1536
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Summary The range of the electrical potential of coalescence of mercury droplets in solutions of surface active materials was measured by using the twin dropping mercury electrodes, developed by the present authors. It was thus hoped that the rôle of surface active materials in stabilizing emulsions in general was clarified by the present study. Experiments were carried out by using sodium dodecylsulphate, cetylpyridinium chloride, a polyvinyl alcohol and EPANs, a group of nonionic surface active copolymers of ethylene oxide and propylene oxide at various mole ratios, as the surface active materials. All these substances showed perfect protection; mercury droplets did not coalesce at any potential of mercury surfaces, when the concentration of these substances exceeded certain values characteristic of these materials. Moreover, in the case of EPANs, the logarithm of this concentration was found to be a linear decreasing function of the HLB value of the molecule; the stabilizing power increased with increasing hydrophilic character of the molecule. The adsorption behaviour of various EPANs on to the mercury surface was also studied by measuring differential double layer capacities. It was found that the stabilization was intimately related to the formation of films of the surface active materials at the mercury-solution interfaces.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01520499
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Linear viscoelastic behavior of perfluorooctyl sulfonate micelles: effects of counter-ions (2000)
    Springer
    Rheologica acta 39 (2000), S. 110-121 
    Details
    ISSN: 1435-1528
    Keywords: Key words Perfluorooctyl sulfonate threadlike micelles ; Dendritic network ; Thermal scission ; Non-bound tetraethylammonium counter-ion ; Catalyst for scission
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Notes: Abstract Linear viscoelastic behavior was investigated for aqueous solutions of perfluorooctyl sulfonate (C8F17SO− 3; abbreviated as FOS) micelles having a mixture of tetraethylammonium (N+(C2H5)4; TEA) and lithium (Li+) ions as the counter-ions. The solutions had the same FOS concentration (0.1 mol l−1) and various Li+ fractions in the counter-ions, φLi = 0−0.6, and the FOS micelles in these solutions formed threads which further organized into dendritic networks. At T ≤ 15 °C, the terminal relaxation time τ and the viscosity η, governed by thermal scission of the networks, increased with increasing φLi up to 0.55. A further increase of φLi resulted in decreases of τ and η and in broadening of the relaxation mode distribution. These rheological changes are discussed in relation to the role of TEA ions in thermal scission: Previous NMR studies revealed that only a fraction of TEA ions were tightly bound to the FOS micellar surfaces and these bound ions stabilized the thread/network structures. The concentration of non-bound TEA ions, CTEA *, decreased and finally vanished on increasing φLi up to φLi * ≅ 0.6, and the concentration of the bound TEA ions significantly decreased on a further increase of φLi. The non-bound TEA ions appeared to catalyze the thermal scission of the FOS threads, and the observed increases of τ and η for φLi 〈 0.55 were attributed to the decrease of CTEA *. On the other hand, the decreases of τ and η as well as the broadening of the mode distribution, found for φLi 〉 0.55 (where CTEA * ≅ 0), were related to destabilization of the FOS threads/networks due to a shortage of the bound TEA ions and to the existence of concentrated Li+ ions. Viscoelastic data of pure FOSTEA and FOSTEA/FOSLi/TEACl solutions lent support to these arguments for the role of TEA ions in the relaxation of FOSTEA/FOSLi solutions.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s003970050011
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Nonlinear rheology for threadlike micelles of tetraethylammonium perfluorooctyl sulfonate (1998)
    Springer
    Rheologica acta 37 (1998), S. 470-485 
    Details
    ISSN: 1435-1528
    Keywords: Key words ; Living threadlike micelles ; strain/flow-induced scission ; nonlinear damping ; shear thinning
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Notes: Abstract Nonlinear rheological features were investigated for an aqueous solution of tetraethylammonium perfluorooctyl sulfonate (C8F17SO3 –N+(C2H5)4; abbreviated as FOSTEA). In the solution (c=0.045 mol/l; 28.3 g/l), spherical micelles of FOSTEA were connected with each other to form threads of pearl-necklace shape. These threads were further organized into a transient network to exhibit linear relaxation characteristic of living polymers, single-mode terminal relaxation widely separated from faster relaxation processes. Nonlinear relaxation experiments against large step-strains γ(≤8) revealed that the terminal relaxation mode had a γ-insensitive relaxation time but its relaxation intensity exhibited significant damping (much stronger than that for entangled polymers). In contrast, the relaxation time and intensity for the fast relaxation modes first increased and then decreased with increasing γ. Under shear flow, the FOSTEA threads exhibited strong thinning of the viscosity. These nonlinear features of the FOSTEA threads were compared with those of other threadlike micelles, analyzed on the basis of an empirically introduced constitutive equation, and discussed in relation to strain/low-induced scission of the living threads.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s003970050134
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Electrocapillary phenomena at oil-water interfaces (1967)
    Springer
    Colloid & polymer science 220 (1967), S. 152-159 
    Details
    ISSN: 1435-1536
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung Die Elektrokapillarität von Öl-Wasser-Grenzflächen mit Kaliumchlorid in den wässerigen und grenzflächenaktiven Ionen in der Ölphase wurde bei geringer Polarisation im Bereich von +20 V bis −20 V untersucht. Dabei wurde beobachtet, daß die Grenzflächenspannung durch kationische bzw. anionische Polarisation erniedrigt wurde, je nachdem, ob die grenzflächenaktiven Stoffe kationisch oder anionisch waren. Die Ergebnisse wurden mit Hilfe derLippmann-Helmholtz-Gleichung gedeutet. Es bildet sich eine elektrische Doppelschicht mit den grenzflächenaktiven Ionen an der Ölschicht und den anorganischen Gegenionen an der wässerigen Seite der Grenzfläche.
    Notes: Summary The electrocapillary phenomena at oil-water interfaces, i. e. the change in the interfacial tension with an applied potential difference, take place over a moderate polarization range of ca. 20 to −20 V, when the systems have sufficiently high electric conductance and contain surface active agents. Experiments were carried out in the presence of potassium chloride in the aqueous phase and ionic surface active agents in the oil phase, respectively. It was found that the interfacial tension was suppressed over the cathodic or anodic polarization range, depending on whether the surface active agent used was cationic or anionic, respectively. Here the sign of polarization was conventionally taken as that of the water phase with respect to the oil phase. It was then concluded by the use of theLippmann-Helmholtz equation that the water side of the interface is charged positively or negatively in the respective case mentioned above. It appears that this charge is due to the counter ion layer which is formed corresponding to the adsorption of ionic surface active agents on the oil side.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02085909
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