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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Posttetanic Long-Term Potentiation in Rat Dentate Area Increases Postsynaptic 411B Immunoreactivity (1990)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Journal of neurochemistry 55 (1990), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1471-4159
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: 411B is a monoclonal antibody raised to chick forebrain postsynaptic densities (PSDs) which also recognises an antigen in brain tissue from adult Wistar rats but not liver, heart, or lung. This antigen is enriched in the PSD fraction and appears to be a useful biochemical marker for plastic changes of postsynaptic structures in the rat brain. The aim of this study was to investigate whether 411B immunoreactivity is changed in various hippocampal subregions by post-tetanic long-term potentiation (LTP). LTP was elicited in freely moving rats by applying four trains of 300 square-wave pulses (frequency 200 Hz, pulse duration 0.2 ms, and intensity 300 mA) into the right perforant path; this included an increase in transmission efficacy at the ipsilateral perforant path-granular cell synapse of the dentate gyrus lasting several days. Eight hours after tetanisation, antigens recognised by monoclonal 411B and a polyclonal anti-actin antiserum were assayed in lysed homogenates of ipsi- and contralateral CA1, CA3, and CA4/dentate area hippocampal subfields as well as in visual cortex, cerebellum, and olfactory bulb dissected from LTP rats, and compared to passive controls. Under these experimental conditions, tetanisation of the perforant path resulted in a significant increase in the titre of 411B in the ipsilateral CA4/dentate area subfield (+34.0%; p 〈 0.001) compared with passive controls, whereas in all other brain regions studied no differences between experimental and control rats were observed. In no region were anti-actin titres significantly different from controls. Our results support the hypothesis that the “late phase” of posttetanic LTP is accompanied by, or even based on, macromolecular changes elicited at the postsynaptic site of perforant path-granular cell synapses.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1471-4159.1990.tb04190.x
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Über Stoffwechselleistungen von roten Blutkörperchen (1954)
    Springer
    Naunyn-Schmiedeberg's archives of pharmacology 221 (1954), S. 497-505 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1912
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Zusammenfassung Es wurden die Beziehungen zwischen dem aktiven Kationentransport und der Methämoglobinrückbildung in roten Blutkörperchen untersucht. Daraus ergaben sich folgende Feststellungen: 1. Glucose unterhält beide Vorgänge, die Rückbildung hat in normalem osmotischem Milieu den Vorrang. — Verlieren die Erythrocyten die Fähigkeit, Methämoglobin zurückzubilden, ist auch die Erhaltung des Kationenbestandes der Zellen nicht mehr gesichert. 2. Lactat unterhält nur die Methämoglobinrückbildung. 3. Gleichzeitige Zugabe von Glucose und Lactat vermag sowohl die Hb(3)-Rückbildung, als auch den aktiven Kationentransport zu unterhalten. 4. Die Methämoglobinrückbildung in hypertonem Medium ist deutlich verlangsamt, die Ursachen dafür sind noch nicht geklärt. 5. Es bestehen Unterschiede im osmotischen Verhalten normaler und methämoglobinhaltiger Erythrocyten; sie haben ihre Ursache in der Konkurrenz der Methämoglobinrückbildung und des aktiven Kationentransports um gleiche Stoffwechselsysteme und führen dazu, daß die Methämoglobinrückbildung mit einem Absinken der osmotischen Resistenz verbunden sein kann.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00247259
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Über eine Aldehydoxydase in roten Blutkörperchen (1956)
    Springer
    Naturwissenschaften 43 (1956), S. 200-201 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1904
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Natural Sciences in General
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00632952
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Die Beeinflussung der Acetylcholinreizung von Chemorezeptoren durch Phenylalkylamine (1957)
    Springer
    Naturwissenschaften 44 (1957), S. 39-39 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1904
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Natural Sciences in General
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01146105
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Memory retention in old rats: Improvement by orotic acid (1983)
    Springer
    Psychopharmacology 79 (1983), S. 348-351 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2072
    Keywords: Memory retention ; Aging ; Orotic acid ; Brightness discrimination ; Shuttle box avoidance ; Rat
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract The effect of methylglucamine orotate (MGO) on learning and memory was investigated in 24-month-old rats using brightness discrimination in a Y-chamber and active avoidance in a shuttle box. In both learning procedures, an improvement of memory retention following 5-day MGO treatment (225 mg/kg per day) was observed. The retention of untreated old animals was significantly lower compared to 8-week-old rats. MGO treatment resulted in a significant improvement of retention in old rats, which nearly compensated for their memory deficit.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00433416
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The role of dopaminergic mechanisms in the rat hippocampus for the consolidation in a brightness discrimination (1981)
    Springer
    Psychopharmacology 75 (1981), S. 165-168 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2072
    Keywords: Rat ; Hippocampus ; Dopaminergic receptors ; Apomorphine ; Haloperidol ; Memory consolidation ; Brightness discrimination
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Post-training intrahippocampal injection of the dopaminergic agonists apomorphine and ergometrine improved retention in a brightness discrimination task. The dopamine receptor blocker haloperidol caused an impairment of retention and antagonized improvement by apomorphine. An involvement of hippocampal dopaminergic mechanisms in memory consolidation processes was suggested.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00432180
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The influence of diazepam on learning processes impaired by pentylenetetrazol kindling (1994)
    Springer
    Naunyn-Schmiedeberg's archives of pharmacology 349 (1994), S. 492-496 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1912
    Keywords: Kindling ; Pentylenetetrazol ; Learning ; Diazepam ; Rats
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Repeated administration of pentylenetetrazol (PTZ) induces kindling and impairs shuttle-box learning. The available literature suggesting a close connection between seizure frequency and mental deficits in human epileptics allows us to hypothesize that seizure inhibition prevents the progressive mental retardation associated with kindling. In order to investigate the effect of motor seizure inhibition on mental impairment we administered diazepam (DZP) doses of 0.5 and 2.5 mg/kg, respectively 60 min prior to the 10 convulsant injections. After completion of kindling the learning performance of the rats was tested in the shuttle-box. PTZ kindling resulted in diminished shuttle-box learning. In control rats treated with DZP no significant changes in their learning ability occurred. Although DZP was found to suppress kindling development effectively a worsened shuttle-box learning could be observed in all PTZ groups treated with DZP.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00169138
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Postnatal orotate treatment: Effects on learning and memory in adult rats (1979)
    Springer
    Psychopharmacology 63 (1979), S. 25-28 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2072
    Keywords: Orotic acid ; Postnatal development ; Memory retention ; Brightness discrimination ; Active avoidance
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract During the postnatal period, male Wistar rats were treated with orotate, either from the 6th to 15th, 16th to 25th, or 26th to 35th day of life. Learning and memory were tested in adulthood. Rats that received orotate from the 6th to 15th day showed a better retention of a learned brightness discrimination (Y-maze) than controls. An active avoidance (pole jumping) was learned more quickly by the rats orotatetreated from the 6th to 15th day than by controls. The spontaneous locomotor activity of previously orotatetreated rats was the same as in controls. Body weight measurements revealed no differences between orotate rats and control rats. The results suggest that memory retention in adulthood can be improved by postnatal orotate treatment.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00426916
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Some effects of RNA precursors on development and maintenance of long-term memory: Hippocampal and cortical pre- and post-training application of RNA precursors (1973)
    Springer
    Psychopharmacology 28 (1973), S. 195-204 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2072
    Keywords: Learning ; Memory ; Consolidation ; Orotic Acid ; Extinction ; Hippocampus
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract The effect of topically applied RNA precursors on both acquisition and extinction of brightness discrimination was studied. Hippocampal injection of uridine monophosphate (UMP) 30 min prior to onset of training caused a delay in extinction of the learned reaction. The same effect was observed when UMP was injected 1 min after completion of training, whereas hippocampal application of UMP 60 min after completion of training, and injection of UMP into the frontal cortex 30 min before onset of training did not show any influence on the extinction. However, the acquisition capability was not influenced by any of the types of treatment used. From the present findings and previous results, the authors have come to the conclusion that the injection of pyrimidine nucleotides during the training and within the first hour after completion of training would have a positive influence on consolidation, thus improving the long-term storage. The exogenous supply of pyrimidine nucleotides seems to stimulate quantitative and/or qualitative modifications in RNA synthesis, this having effects on subsequent protein synthesis. Furthermore, it is concluded from the findings that the hippocampus is of special importance in the consolidation process.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00421404
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Der Einfluß von 6-Azauridin auf die Begünstigung des Wiedererlernens durch Ribonucleinsäure-Präkursoren (1972)
    Springer
    Psychopharmacology 23 (1972), S. 272-278 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2072
    Keywords: Memory ; Consolidation ; RNA-Precursors ; Long-Term-Memory
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung Die intraventrikuläre Injektion von Orotsäure (OS) oder Uridin-5-monophosphat (UMP) 30 min vor dem Training einer bedingten Fluchtreaktion erleichtert das Wiedererlernen im Retentionstest nach 24 Std, während 6-Azauridin allein ohne Wirkung ist. Bei kombinierter Applikation von 6-Azauridin mit OS oder UMP wird die Wirkung von OS weitgehend aufgehoben, während der Effekt von UMP nicht beeinflußt wird. Die Befunde unterstützen die Annahme, daß OS nicht direkt zur Retentionsbegünstigung führt, sondern nach Umwandlung in Pyrimidin-Nucleotide, die als Präkursoren für die RNS-Synthese im Gehirn dienen.
    Notes: Abstract Intraventricular injection of orotic acid (OA) or uridine-5-monophosphate (UMP) 30 min before the training of a conditioned avoidance reaction in rats facilitates the relearning after a retention of 24 h, while the inhibitor of orotidine-5-phosphate decarboxylase, 6-aza-uridine alone is without effect. Combined application of 6-aza-uridine and OA or UMP shows as abolition of the OA effect, but no influence on the UMP-effect. The results are compatible with the assumption that OA does not directly facilitate retention, but only after a transformation into pyrimidine nucleotides which act as precursors in brain RNA synthesis.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00404132
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