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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Longitudinal study of caries and cariogenic bacteria in an elderly disabled population (1990)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Community dentistry and oral epidemiology 18 (1990), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1600-0528
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract A 2-yr longitudinal study was conducted among elderly disabled residents of a longterm care facility. Each of the 50 subjects examined at the beginning of the study had a mean of 14 teeth, with a mean of 6 carious and 6 restored teeth, per person. Most of the subjects had very poor oral hygiene, and 26 of them had dental plaque that produced cultures of mutans streptococci and lactobacilli in excess of 105 CFU/ml. At the end of the first year, 40 subjects were examined again and, apart from a decrease in the mean number of carious root lesions per person, there was very little change in their dental or microbial status. Although only 18 subjects were available at the end of the second year, they presented with fewer carious lesions after 2 yr. The reduction in caries appeared to result from the remineralization of tooth structure, but new lesions did appear in 33% of the 1-yr group, and in 78% of the 2-yr group. This dynamic environment around the teeth produced a mean net incidence of one lesion in the first year, and three lesions over 2 yr. There was a significant (P 〈 0.05) association between large (〉 105 CFU/ml) numbers of mutans streptococci and the development of new lesions, but there was no association between the dental status of the subjects and the dental treatment they received. Overall, the results indicate that caries is not rampant in this population.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1600-0528.1990.tb00041.x
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Treponema denticola may stimulate both epithelial proliferation and apoptosis through MAP kinase signal pathways (2002)
    Oxford, UK : Munksgaard International Publishers
    Journal of periodontal research 37 (2002), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1600-0765
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAP kinases) play a key role in the regulation of cell survival and death. Effects of Treponema denticola ATCC 35405 on ERK, p38 and JNK MAP kinases, and cell behavior was studied using non-keratinizing periodontal ligament epithelial cells (PLE) in vitro. Compared to Chinese hamster ovary cells, human cervix adenocarcinoma cells, human osteosacroma cells and human gingival fibroblasts, PLE cells were much more resistant to T. denticola-induced reduction in cell viability, assayed by tetrazolium and crystal violet assays. A low dose of 5 × 107T. denticola cells/ml increased DNA synthesis ([3H]thymidine uptake) in PLE cells but at higher concentrations DNA synthesis was decreased. TUNEL staining analysis showed that about 50% of epithelial cells in onolayers died through apoptosis when exposed to a high dose of 1011T. denticola/ml for 24 h. Morphological light and electron microscopic analysis supported the idea that both apoptotic and necrotic cell death took place. Rounding, membrane damage, fragmentation and detachment were observed in selective cells of both mono- and multilayered PLE cultures challenged with T. denticola. Western blot analysis using MAP kinase phosphospecific antibodies showed that T. denticola strongly but transiently activated ERK1 and ERK2, signals mediating cell proliferation, and JNK and p38, kinases mediating apoptosis. While a specific inhibitor of the ERK MAP kinase pathway prevented the T. denticola stimulation of cell proliferation, inhibitor of p38 increased the cell numbers in T. denticola-treated cultures. The results suggest that T. denticola activates epithelial cell MAP kinase signal pathways controlling cell proliferation and cell survival. In addition, T. denticola exerts cytotoxic effects that appear to predominate at higher bacterial concentrations.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1034/j.1600-0765.2002.01007.x
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Cloning of a Porphyromonas (Bacteroides) gingivalis protease gene and characterization of its product (1992)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    FEMS microbiology letters 92 (1992), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1574-6968
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract A clone expressing a Porphyromonas gingivalis protease from the recombinant plasmid (pYS307) has been identified in a genomic library of P. gingivalis W83. The cloned gene was localized to a 2.4-kb DNA fragment between Bam HI and Hind III sites. When a 3.2-kb Hin dIII fragment of pYS307 was used as a probe in Southern hybridization, Hin dIII-digested chromosomal DNA of P. gingivalis W83, as well as those of W50 and W12, showed a single 3.2-kb hybridizing band, while that of P. gingivalis 33277 showed a 5.0-kb band. Colonies of E. coli containing pYS307 showed pronounced proteolytic zones on skim milk agar plates only when incubated in an oxygen-free environment. BSA substrate zymography of whole cell extract of E. coli containing pYS307 revealed a protease of approx. 80 kDa which was active under reducing conditions. These results suggest that the cloned protease is thiol-dependent. Antiserum to P. gingivalis W50 reacted with a single band of 80 kDa when a cell lysate sample of an E. coli JM83 containing pYS307 was prepared for electrophoresis in the absence of β-mercaptoethanol. When samples were solubilized in the presence of β-mercaptoethanol prior to electrophoresis, the antiserum reacted with the bands of 50 and 38 kDa, but there was no reaction observed at 80 kDa. The activity of the cloned protease was inhibited by TLCK, TPCK, EDTA, PMSF, iodoacetic acid and ZnCl2.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1574-6968.1992.tb05273.x
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Mutagenesis of outer membrane virulence determinants of the oral spirochete Treponema denticola (1998)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    FEMS microbiology letters 163 (1998), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1574-6968
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: The pore-forming major surface protein (Msp) and the chymotrypsin-like protease (CTLP) of Treponema denticola ATCC 35405 have been implicated in periodontal pathogenicity. Allelic replacement mutations were constructed at two sites in the msp gene and at one site in the CTLP locus. All mutant strains lacked the Msp hexagonal array outer membrane ultrastructure. Strain CKE, in which the locus encoding CTLP was disrupted, produced no CTLP and had aberrant Msp expression. The msp mutant MHE lacked Msp, and produced increased levels of CTLP. In contrast, msp mutant MPE made small amounts of a truncated Msp, but produced no CTLP. Interactions between Msp and CTLP in transport or assembly of the outer membrane complex are proposed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1574-6968.1998.tb13047.x
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Experimental transient bacteraemias in human subjects with clinically healthy gingivae (1979)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Journal of clinical periodontology 6 (1979), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1600-051X
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract. Thirty-six subjects with no evidence of clinical gingival inflammation underwent a standardized toothbrushing procedure. Blood specimens, obtained from a vein in the antecubital fossa during the last 30 seconds of brushing, were cultured under aerobic and stringent anaerobic conditions. Three subjects exhibited detectable bacteraemias, Propionibacterium sp. being isolated from two of the subjects, while Aclinomyces sp, Streptococcus sanguis and Streptococcus mitis were isolated from the third. The implications of these results are discussed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1600-051X.1979.tb02288.x
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Experimental transient bacteraemias in human subjects with varying degrees of plaque accumulation and gingival inflammation (1977)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Journal of clinical periodontology 4 (1977), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1600-051X
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Ninety-six subjects were assigned to one of four groups according to severity of gingival inflammation and bacterial plaque accumulation on the teeth. Following a standardized toothbrushing procedure, blood specimens from a vein in the antecubital fossa were cultured under aerobic and stringent anaerobic conditions. The percentage of positive cultures increased significantly with increasing severity of gingival inflammation, as did the number of species of organisms isolated. Thirty different microbial species indigenous to the oral cavity, including many strict anaerobes, were recovered. The study has implications for standards of oral health which might be considered necessary in patients with congenital or acquired endocardial defects or cardiovascular prostheses.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1600-051X.1977.tb01888.x
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Induction of the aerobic methylation of arsenic byCandida humicola (1979)
    Springer
    Bulletin of environmental contamination and toxicology 21 (1979), S. 157-161 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0800
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Energy, Environment Protection, Nuclear Power Engineering , Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01685404
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Metabolism of trimethylarsine oxide (1988)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Applied Organometallic Chemistry 2 (1988), S. 479-482 
    Details
    ISSN: 0268-2605
    Keywords: Trimethylarsine oxide ; biological reduction ; trimethylarsine ; micro-organisms ; methylation ; Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Trimethylarsine oxide [(CH3)3AsO] has been shown to be easily reducible by various biological species, including both aerobic and anaerobic micro-organisms, some skin organisms, soil bacteria, sludge and rumen fluid. The results suggest an enhanced mobility for arsenic owing to facile production of the volatile (CH3)3As species.
    Additional Material: 3 Tab.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aoc.590020512
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The metabolism of methylarsine oxide and sulfide (1989)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Applied Organometallic Chemistry 3 (1989), S. 71-78 
    Details
    ISSN: 0268-2605
    Keywords: Arsenic ; metabolism ; Candida humicola ; methylarsines ; methylarsine oxide ; methylarsine sulfide ; micro-organisms ; Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Methylarsine oxide and sulfide are more toxic to Candida humicola than arsenite; the sulfide is rapidly metabolized to trimethylarsine (Me3As) and methylarsine (MeAsH2) and the oxide to dimethylarsinic acid [Me2AsO(OH)]. Cell-free extracts of C. humicola also convert the oxide to Me2AsO(OH). The glutathione (RSH) derivative Me2AsSR is metabolized by C. humicola to Me3As and Me2AsH, but some other Me2AsSR′ compounds are unaffected. Studies involving the interaction of the arsenic(III) compounds with natural ecosystems and other micro-organisms such as Scopulariopsis brevicaulis, Straptococcus sanguis, Escherichia coli, and Veillonella alcalescens are described.
    Additional Material: 1 Tab.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aoc.590030107
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The uptake of arsenicals by Candida humicola (1990)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Applied Organometallic Chemistry 4 (1990), S. 119-125 
    Details
    ISSN: 0268-2605
    Keywords: Arsenate uptake ; Candida humicola ; active transport ; arsenicals ; diffusion ; two-site model ; Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The uptake of arsenate by Candida humicola requires an active transport system and may operate through low- and high-affinity sites. Arsenite, methylarsonate and dimethylarsinate are deduced to enter the cell by slow passive diffusion.
    Additional Material: 5 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aoc.590040206
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