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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Inhibition of somatic embryo maturation in Sitka spruce [Picea sitchensis (Bong.) Carr.] by butylated hydroxytoluene, a volatile antioxidant released by parafilm (1996)
    Springer
    Plant cell reports 16 (1996), S. 192-195 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-203X
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Head-space volatiles above embryogenicPicea sitchensis (Bong.) Carr. (Sitka spruce) tissues cultured in glass Petri dishes sealed with Parafilm M or cling-film, were captured on Tenax adsorption traps and analysed by gas chromatography / mass spectrometry. Each sealing system released a single major compound into the head-space; butylated hydroxytoluene from Parafilm M and 2-ethyl-1-hexanol from cling-film. After two weeks sealed under Parafilm M butylated hydroxytoluene accumulated to 1.1 μg g−1 FW in tissues and subsequent somatic embryo maturation was prevented. When butylated hydroxytoluene was supplied via the head-space (100 μg/250 ml flask) 0.5 μg g−1 FW accumulated in tissues after two weeks and no somatic embryo maturation occurred. Potentially phytotoxic metabolites of butylated hydroxytoluene included a substituted stilbenequinone, butylated hydroxytoluene quinone methide and butylated hydroxytoluene dimer.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01890865
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Inhibition of somatic embryo maturation in Sitka spruce [Picea sitchensis (Bong.) Carr.] by butylated hydroxytoluene, a volatile antioxidant released by parafilm (1996)
    Springer
    Plant cell reports 16 (1996), S. 192-195 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-203X
    Keywords: Abbreviations: BHT: butylated hydroxytoluene; CF: cling-film; FW: fresh weight; GC/MS: gas chromatography/mass spectrometry; MSD: mass selective detector; m/z: mass/charge ratio; PF: Parafilm M; TLC: thin layer chromatography; WCOT: wall-coated open tubular.
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract. Head-space volatiles above embryogenic Picea sitchensis (Bong.) Carr. (Sitka spruce) tissues cultured in glass Petri dishes sealed withParafilm M or cling-film, were captured on Tenax adsorption traps and analysed by gas chromatography/mass spectometry. Each sealing system released a single major compound into the head-space; butylated hydroxytolurene from Parafilm M and 2-ethyl-1-hexanol from cling-film. After two weeks sealed under Parafilm M butylated hydroxytoluene accumulated to 1.1 μg g–1 FW in tissues and subsequent somatic embryo maturation was prevented. When butylated hydroxytoluene was supplied via the head-space (100 μg/250 ml flask) 0.5 μg g–1 FW accumulated in tissues after two weeks and no somatic embryo maturation occurred. Potentially phytotoxic metabolites of butylated hydroxytoluene included a substituted stilbenequinone, butylated hydroxytoluene quinone methide and butylated hydroxytoluene dimer.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01890865
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The influence of culture vessel head-space volatiles on somatic embryo maturation in Sitka spruce [Picea sitchensis (Bong.) Carr.] (1996)
    Springer
    Plant growth regulation 20 (1996), S. 37-42 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5087
    Keywords: Picea sitchensis ; somatic embryogenesis ; ethylene ; parafilm ; potassium permanganate ; adsorption agents
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Abstract The maturation of somatic embryos of Sitka spruce [Picea sitchensis (Bong.) Carr.] was found to be highly dependent on the method used to seal plastic Petri dishes. Large numbers of well-formed mature embryos developed if dishes were sealed with PVC cling-film (CF) whilst sealing with Parafilm M (PF) greatly reduced the numbers of embryos forming. Inclusion of potassium permanganate oxidation traps, normally used to deplete the atmospheric ethylene, greatly stimulated somatic embryo maturation under PF sealing. Similarly, traps of adsorption agents (Tenax, activated charcoal or soft white paraffin), capable of removing volatiles from the culture vessel head-space, stimulated somatic embryo maturation under PF sealing although to a lesser extent than the oxidation traps. Incorporation of silver nitrate or 2-chloroethylphosphonic acid (ethephon) in the culture medium indicated that ethylene was not the agent supressing somatic embryo maturation under PF sealing.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00024055
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Chiral aspects of the metabolism of ethosuximide (1995)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Chirality 7 (1995), S. 173-180 
    Details
    ISSN: 0899-0042
    Keywords: ethosuximide ; antiepileptic drugs ; chiral ; metabolism ; stereoselectivity ; gas chromatography ; cyclodextrin stationary phase ; mass spectroscopy ; Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Ethosuximide is a chiral drug substance primarily indicated for the treatment of absence seizures. This drug is used clinically as the racemate. The urinary metabolites of ethosuximide (following i.p. administration of the racemate or individual enantiomers to rats) have been studied using chiral gas chromatography (GC) and gas chromatography-mass spectroscopy (GCMS). The metabolites identified were unchanged ethosuximide enantiomers, all four stereoisomers of 2-(1-hydroxyethyl)-2-methylsuccinimide, and a single stereoisomer of 2-ethyl-3-hydroxy-2-methylsuccinimide [derived from (R)-ethosuximide]. Preliminary quantitative studies indicate a degree of stereoselectivity in the fate of ethosuximide since the ratio of (R)- to (S)-ethosuximide in the urine was found to be 0.77:1 (0-24 h sample), 0.64:1 (24-48 h sample), and 0.83:1 (48-72 h sample). This would suggest that the (R)-isomer is preferentially metabolised. Results obtained following the administration of individual enantiomers of ethosuximide indicate that the 2-(1-hydroxyethyl)-2-methylsuccinimide diastereoisomers derived from (R)-ethosuximide are produced in approximately equal proportions [ratio 1.05:1 (0-24 h sample), 1.10:1 (24-48 h sample)], whilst those from (S)-ethosuximide are produced in unequal proportions [ratio 1.65:1 (0-24 h sample), 1.74:1 (24-48 h sample)]. © 1995 Wiley-Liss, Inc.
    Additional Material: 8 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/chir.530070312
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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