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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    HMG-CoA reductase inhibition causes neurite loss by interfering with geranylgeranylpyrophosphate synthesis (2004)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Science Ltd
    Journal of neurochemistry 89 (2004), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1471-4159
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: To determine whether neurite outgrowth depends upon the mevalonate pathway, we blocked mevalonate synthesis in nerve growth factor-treated PC12 cells or primary cortical neurones with atorvastatin, a 3-hydroxymethylglutaryl coenzyme A (HMG-CoA) reductase inhibitor, and substituted different intermediates of the mevalonate pathway. We show that HMG-CoA reductase inhibition causes a profound reduction of neurite length, neurite loss and ultimatively cell death in undifferentiated and pre-differentiated PC12 cells and also in rat primary cortical neurones. Geranylgeranylpyrophosphate, but not farnesylpyrophosphate, squalene or cholesterol, completely compensated for the lack of mevalonate. Our data indicate that, under HMG-CoA reductase inhibition, geranylgeranylpyrophosphate rather than farnesylpyrophosphate or cholesterol is critical for neurite outgrowth and/or maintenance. Loss of neurites is an early manifestation of various neurodegenerative disorders, and dysfunction of isoprenylation might play a role in their pathogenesis.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1471-4159.2003.02305.x
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Neuroprotective effects of atorvastatin against glutamate-induced excitotoxicity in primary cortical neurones (2005)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Science Ltd
    Journal of neurochemistry 92 (2005), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1471-4159
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Statins [3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-coenzyme A (HMG-CoA) reductase inhibitors] exert cholesterol-independent pleiotropic effects that include anti-thrombotic, anti-inflammatory, and anti-oxidative properties. Here, we examined direct protective effects of atorvastatin on neurones in different cell damage models in vitro. Primary cortical neurones were pre-treated with atorvastatin and then exposed to (i) glutamate, (ii) oxygen–glucose deprivation or (iii) several apoptosis-inducing compounds. Atorvastatin significantly protected from glutamate-induced excitotoxicity as evidenced by propidium iodide staining, nuclear morphology, release of lactate dehydrogenase, and mitochondrial tetrazolium metabolism, but not from oxygen–glucose deprivation or apoptotic cell death. This anti-excitototoxic effect was evident with 2–4 days pre-treatment but not with daily administration or shorter-term pre-treatment. The protective properties occurred independently of 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-CoA reductase inhibition because co-treatment with mevalonate or other isoprenoids did not reverse or attenuate neuroprotection. Atorvastatin attenuated the glutamate-induced increase of intracellular calcium, which was associated with a modulation of NMDA receptor function. Taken together, atorvastatin exerts specific anti-excitotoxic effects independent of 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-CoA reductase inhibition, which has potential therapeutic implications.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1471-4159.2004.02980.x
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Evidence that glypican is a receptor mediating β-amyloid neurotoxicity in PC12 cells (1998)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Science Ltd
    European journal of neuroscience 10 (1998), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1460-9568
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Docking of β-amyloid fibrils to neuronal or glial cell membranes may be an early, necessary and intervenable step during the progression of Alzheimer's disease. Formation of neurofibrillary tangles and amyloid plaques as well as neurotoxicity and inflammation may be direct or indirect consequences. In an attempt to find a receptor that mediates those effects, we assessed rat pheochromocytoma PC12 cell 3-[4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl]-2,5-diphenyl tetrazolium bromide (MTT) reduction after addition of β-amyloid to the culture medium. Presence of competitive substances in the medium, cell-surface treatment and specific block of cellular synthesis pathways helped to identify the heparan sulphate moiety of a glycosylphosphatidylinositol-anchored protein likely to represent glypican as a possible receptor mediating β-amyloid neurotoxicity.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1460-9568.1998.00220.x
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Microheterogeneity of human erythrocyte pyruvate kinase: Application of immunological visualization techniques after isoelectric focusing in ultrathin gels (1990)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Electrophoresis 11 (1990), S. 65-69 
    Details
    ISSN: 0173-0835
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Immunological methods for protein visualization afford high sensitivity, good specificity and resolution. We used the indirect immunoassay with peroxidase- and 125I-labelled antibodies to investigate the microheterogeneity of pyruvate kinase from human red blood cells and can show an enzyme pattern with more than 10 single bands. Different methods were tested as to their applicability for protein fixation and subsequent immunological visualization in polyacrylamide gels. Besides the Western blot, immunofixation and ethanolic fixation can be recommended as fixation techniques, especially after isoelectric focusing in ultrathin gels.
    Additional Material: 4 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/elps.1150110114
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A miniaturized electrode configuration for isoelectric focusing (1991)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Electrophoresis 12 (1991), S. 378-380 
    Details
    ISSN: 0173-0835
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: An electrode configuration is described which allows fast isoelectric focusing (IEF) with conventional IEF systems. The equipment, which can be fixed on the cooling plate of a conventional IEF system, consists of a base plate on which flappable electrode holders are fastened. The handling is simple and needs only little time. Graphite rods are used as electrodes, thus avoiding the use of buffer strips. Samples are applied with special applicator strips - permitting the analysis of up to 19 samples on a 50 × 40 mm polyacrylamide gel and up to 44 samples on a 100 × 70 mm gel. Only 30 min are needed for one IEF run.
    Additional Material: 6 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/elps.1150120511
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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