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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Management of dysphagia in suspected esophageal motor disorders (1991)
    Springer
    Digestive diseases and sciences 36 (1991), S. 268-273 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-2568
    Keywords: esophagus ; dysphagia ; esophageal motor disorders ; achalasia ; pneumatic dilatation ; Rider-Moeller technique ; esophageal perforation
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Fifty-three patients suffering from dysphagia because of suspected esophageal motor disorders were treated by pneumatic dilatation using the Rider-Moeller technique. Fifteen had achalasia demonstrated by manometric studies. Forty-nine of them had remarkable clinical improvement after the procedure. During the mean period of follow-up (average 5 years, range 1–11), 75% of the patients needed a new dilatation, with a delay of two years. The results of the dilatation were excellent or good in 80% of the cases. Early complications consisted in two esophageal perforations surgically treated. There was no mortality. We did not observe late complications of the procedure. We conclude that pneumatic dilatation should be the initial procedure in the treatment of dysphagia in suspected esophageal motor disorders.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01318194
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Controlled comparison of milnacipran and fluoxetine in major depression (1994)
    Springer
    Psychopharmacology 114 (1994), S. 131-137 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2072
    Keywords: Milnacipran ; Fluoxetine ; Antidepressant ; Major depression ; Noradrenaline ; Serotonin
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract The efficacy and the tolerance of milnacipran (100 mg/day), a second generation antidepressant which equipotently inhibits both noradrenaline and serotonin reuptake, was compared to fluoxetine (20 mg/day), a selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor, in two parallel groups of, respectively, 97 and 93 major depressive outpatients. The duration of the study was 6 weeks, with assessments every 2 weeks by means of the Montgomery and Asberg depression scale (MADRS), the Hamilton depression scale, the clinical global impressions (CGI), and a checklist of symptoms and side-effects. Results showed significant superiority of fluoxetine over milnacipran on most rating instruments: MADRS (P=0.01) including five individual items, Hamilton depression scale (P=0.002) including ten individual items, CGI of severity (P=0.01) and therapeutical index (P=0.002). On visual analogue scales assessing the clinical profile of the compounds, fluoxetine was rated as exhibiting more psychostimulating activity than milnacipran (P=0.0008). The tolerance of the two antidepressants was very similar, with the exception of symptoms of dizziness which were more frequently reported with milnacipran (P=0.01). These differences in efficacy favoring fluoxetine could result from the selection of a dose of milnacipran below the optimal therapeutic dose for this type of psychiatric patients or to the administration of the compounds in single daily intakes, whereas milnacipran possesses a plasma elimination half-life of only 7 h.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02245454
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Modelling of the III–IV loop, a domain involved in calcium channel Cav2.1 inactivation, highlights a structural homology with the γ subunit of G proteins (2002)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Science, Ltd
    European journal of neuroscience 16 (2002), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1460-9568
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: We have modelled the conformation of the III–IV loop of the Cav2.1 subunit of P/Q calcium channels, a loop that is implicated in fast voltage-dependent inactivation. Change in channel inactivation requires its direct interaction with the I–II loop. This interaction occurs with an affinity in the order of 70 nm. Intracellular injection of a 40-mer III–IV loop-derived peptide produces an increase in the rate of fast inactivation. This alteration in channel kinetic is also accompanied by a hyperpolarizing shift in the steady-state voltage-dependence of inactivation. None of these effects are observed in the presence of a β subunit, suggesting the existence of a competitive mechanism of action between the β subunit and the III–IV loop. Amino acid sequence comparison using BLAST reveals that the III–IV loop shares 53% identity with the γ subunit of G proteins. Because of the pivotal contribution of the III–IV loop to inactivation, an atomic model of the III–IV loop was generated by both homology modelling and molecular mechanics calculations. Using the X-ray structures of the βγ dimer of the heterotrimeric G-proteins as templates, the III–IV loop is predicted to contain a well-structured α-helix at the amino-terminus with both the N- and C-termini having the same orientation in the plane of the inner lipid bilayer. We provide a hypothetical working model in which we propose that the III–IV loop interacts with the I–II loop via its Gβγ binding domain.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1460-9568.2002.02074.x
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Vasoconstrictive effect of portal blood in isolated dog kidney (1988)
    Springer
    Pflügers Archiv 411 (1988), S. 147-152 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2013
    Keywords: Isolated dog kidney ; Renal hemodynamics ; Kidney in liver disease ; Renin-angiotensin system ; Endotoxin ; Polymyxin ; PGE2
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Humoral vasoactive substances coming from portal blood have been considered as a possible cause of renal dysfunction in cirrhotic patients. We have thus investigated the effect of perfusion of portal blood from anesthetized dogs on the isolated kidney functions. Both kidneys of a dog were simultaneously perfused on 2 Nizet's pump oxygenators, one kidney serving as control for the other. Renal blood flow was decreased in kidneys perfused with portal blood, as compared to the paired control kidneys perfused with sus-hepatic blood (group A experiments). Addition of polymyxin B to the portal blood restored the renal blood flow to the control level (group B experiments). No significant changes appeared between experimental and control kidneys for glomerular filtration rate, urine output, sodium and water excretion, renin activity, angiotensin II levels, plasmatic PGE2 levels, in group A as well as in group B. We conclude that portal blood of dogs contains vasoactive substances reducing renal blood flow; their action is mediated neither by the renin-angiotensin system nor by changes in renal PGE2 production. The complete abolition of this effect by Polymyxin suggests that these substances may be endotoxins.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00582307
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Risk factors for chronic rejection in pediatric renal allograft recipients (1996)
    Springer
    Pediatric nephrology 10 (1996), S. 723-727 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-198X
    Keywords: Key words: Renal transplantation ; Acute rejection ; Chronic rejection ; Cyclosporine
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract. To determine the risk factors predictive of graft loss from chronic rejection in pediatric renal allograft recipients, we reviewed the collaborative study database of the Société de Néphrologie Pédiatrique which registered 314 grafts from January 1987 to December 1991. Of the 289 grafts analyzed, 71 failed during follow-up, chronic rejection being the most common cause of graft loss (35%). The clinical features of the chronic rejection group (n = 25) were compared with those of the group without failure (n = 218). The variables tested by monovariate analysis were cyclosporine dose at 1 year, donor type, donor and recipient age, and acute rejection episodes. The incidence of graft loss due to chronic rejection was 4% (4/109) in patients who had no acute rejection and 16% (21/134) in those with at least one acute rejection episode (P = 0.002). Donor age (≤5 years) was a risk factor for chronic rejection (P = 0.024). Recipient age and donor type were not significantly different between the chronic rejection group and the control group. Using time-dependent covariates, the risk factors were an acute rejection episode (P = 0.003) and low cyclosporine doses at 1 year (P = 0.02). We conclude that acute rejection and low cyclosporine doses in these pediatric patients were risk factors for graft loss due to chronic rejection.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s004670050199
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Mutations in PCSK9 cause autosomal dominant hypercholesterolemia (2003)
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature genetics 34 (2003), S. 154-156 
    Details
    ISSN: 1546-1718
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: [Auszug] Autosomal dominant hypercholesterolemia (ADH; OMIM144400), a risk factor for coronary heart disease, is characterized by an increase in low-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels that is associated with mutations in the genes LDLR (encoding low-density lipoprotein receptor) or APOB (encoding ...
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/ng1161
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Immunofluorescent localization of collagen types I, III, IV, fibronectin and laminin during morphogenesis of scales and scaleless skin in the chick embryo (1983)
    Springer
    Development genes and evolution 192 (1983), S. 205-215 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-041X
    Keywords: Collagen ; Fibronectin ; Laminin ; Skin ; Scale morphogenesis
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary Collagen types I and III were purified from the skin of 3-or 7-week-old chickens, collagen type IV from bovine skin or EHS mouse tumour, fibronectin from human serum, and laminin from EHS mouse tumour. Antibodies were produced in rabbits or sheep, and used in indirect immunofluorescence on frozen sections of 9-to 16-day-old normal or mutant (scaleless) chick-embryo foot skin. In normal scale-forming skin and inscaleless skin, the distribution of anti-laminin and anti-type IV collagen label was uniform along the dermal-epidermal junction and showed no stage-related variations, except for fluorescent granules located in the dermis of early scale rudiments. By contrast, in normal scale-forming skin, the density of anti-types I and III label decreased in the dermis within scale rudiments, whereas it gradually increased in interscale skin. Conversely, anti-fibronectin label accumulated at a higher density within scale rudiments than in interscale skin. In the dermis of thescaleless mutant, anti-types I and III label and antifibronectin label were distributed evenly: the density of anti-collagen label increased with age, while that of antifibronectin decreased and almost completely vanished in 16-day-old skin, except around blood vessels. The microheterogeneous distribution of some extracellular matrix components, namely interstitial collagen types I and III and fibronectin, is interpreted as part of the morphogenetic message that the dermis is known to transmit to the epidermis during the formation of scales. The even distribution of these components in mutantscaleless skin is in agreement with this view. Basement membrane constituents laminin and type-IV collagen do not appear to be part of the dermal morphogenetic message.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00848651
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Nucleotide substitutions at the -6 position in the promoter region of the factor IX gene result in different severity of hemophilia B Leyden: consequences for genetic counseling (1993)
    Springer
    Human genetics 〈Berlin〉 91 (1993), S. 241-244 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1203
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Mutations in the promoter region of the factor IX gene result in hemophilia B Leyden, which is characterized by considerable improvement in the disease after puberty. We have found that distinct nucleotide substitutions at the -6 position in the Leyden-specific (LS) region are associated with a different severity of hemophilia B. The proband (aged 2) from one family is a severe hemophiliac with factor IX activity (F.IXC) and antigen (F.IXAg) levels less than 1.0U/dl. F.IXC and F.IXAg levels in two affected uncles are approximately 30% of normal levels. The LS region was targeted for analysis because the phenotypes suggested the inheritance of a factor IX Leyden gene. An abnormal TaqI digestion pattern was found in amplified DNA from the proband, and sequencing showed a G (-6) to C transversion that was linked to the disease in the family. In another family, two brothers (aged 8 and 9) suffer from mild hemophilia with F.IXC ranging from 7 to 10 U/dl and F.IXAg from 3 to 4 U/dl. They are the only documented members of the family with a bleeding tendency. Denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis on amplified fragments from one of the patient's genomic DNA corresponding to the 8 exons and flanking sequences of the factor IX gene suggested a defect only in a segment from the 5′ region. This segment showed an altered TaqI digestion pattern, and sequencing demonstrated a G(-6) to A transition that was traced to the patients's mother and a grandmother. The different phenotypes associated with the G (-6) to A purine nucleotide transition compared with a G(-6) to C transversion provide evidence that this area is directly involved in the regulation of the human factor IX gene expression in vivo by binding of regulatory factors. The ability to predict that the conditions of a hemophilia B patient will improve with age has important implications for genetic counseling of the family. Therefore, the LS region should always be included when scanning the factor IX gene for mutations.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00218264
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Analytical Control Procedures of Immunoreactivity for IgG and Fab Fragments Specific to Haptens (1992)
    Springer
    Pharmaceutical research 9 (1992), S. 643-647 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-904X
    Keywords: immunoreactivity ; IgG and Fab fragments ; colchicine ; digoxin ; digitoxin
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Abstract This study investigates immunoreactivity control procedures, i.e., specificity, affinity constant (K a ), and specific active binding sites (SABS), for polyclonal anticolchicine, monoclonal antidigitoxin IgG and Fab fragments, and antidigoxin Fab fragments (Digidot). Preliminary control procedures for IgG and Fab fragment purity indicated that all reagents were immunologically pure. All IgG and Fab fragments exhibited similar cross-reactivity and K a. No decrease in percentage of Fab fragment SABS was observed after papain cleavage of anticolchicine and antidigitoxin IgG. Nevertheless, only 4.3 ± 1.2% of nonimmunopurified anticolchicine polyclonal Fab fragments and 76.2 ± 2.3 to 88.7 ± 2.5% of different batches of immunopurified anti-digoxin Fab (Digidot) were active, the latter percentage being in the range of the 85% specified by the manufacturer. Only 58 ± 3% of digitoxin-specific monoclonal IgG was active and 67 ± 7% of its Fab fragments. Results show the importance of determining the ratio of SABS to presumed total specific binding sites for pharmaceutical monoclonal and polyclonal antibody preparations against haptens.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1015802110647
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Pre- and intraoperative transcranial doppler: Prediction and surveillance of tolerance to carotid clamping (1991)
    Springer
    Annals of vascular surgery 5 (1991), S. 21-25 
    Details
    ISSN: 1615-5947
    Keywords: Carotid artery lesions ; Doppler imaging ; carotid artery clamping ; intraluminal shunt ; hemodynamics
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract We report 91 patients (mean age 70 years) operated upon, prospectively for a total of 100 carotid revascularizations (nine bilateral). Eighty-five of these patients had pre-, intra-, and postoperative transcranial Doppler investigations. Preoperatively, these 85 patients (92 procedures) were classified into two groups based on the results of their Doppler examinations: Group A (65 patients, 72 procedures), those who did not require an intraoperative indwelling shunt and Group B (20 patients, 20 procedures), those who did. The shunt was inserted only when the mean stump (back) pressure was less than 50 mmHg after cross-clamping. Group A all had satisfactory collaterality with a functional anterior and one or two posterior communicating arteries. Group B had no communicating arteries (anterior or posterior) identified by transcranial Doppler. In 17 of 20 patients in this group, the stump pressure was less than 50 mmHg and a shunt was placed. The overall prediction based on Doppler examination of whether or not patients would need a shunt during operation for the two groups A and B (i.e., 92 procedures) was correct in 95.6% (88/92) of cases. Moreover, six hemodynamically significant stenoses (four in the cavernous portion, two in the middle cerebral artery) were disclosed. Sensitivity and specificity of transcranial Doppler as correlated with arteriographic findings were 70 and 90%. Preoperative transcranial Doppler can measure the velocities of the principal cerebral arteries and the collateral capacity of the circle of Willis, and can forecast tolerance to carotid cross-clamping. Intraoperatively, the velocity of flow in the middle carotid artery was correlated with stump pressure, which allowed for surveillance of the shunt.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02021772
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