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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Two-week eradication regimen for metronidazole-resistant Helicobacter pylori (1993)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Alimentary pharmacology & therapeutics 7 (1993), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2036
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: At present there is no generally accepted treatment regimen for eradicating metronidazole-resistant Helicobacter pylori. This study determines the eradication rate after treatment with 40 mg omeprazole o.m. and 500 mg amoxycillin q.d.s. for 14 days, with 120 mg tripotassium dicitrato bismuthate q.d.s. for the first week (Days 1–7) and 750 mg ciprofloxacin b.d. for the second week (Days 8–14). Thirty patients (16 male, mean age 45 years, range 16–80 years) with duodenal ulcers (n= 18) or non-ulcer dyspepsia (n= 2) and metronidazole-resistant H. pylori detected by histology, culture, in vitro sensitivity tests and a positive 13C-urea breath test entered the study. Follow-up was by 13C-urea breath test at the end of treatment and at 1, 3, 6, and 12 months. Eradication was denned as a negative 13C-urea breath test at least 1 month after finishing treatment. H. pylori was successfully eradicated in 21/30 (71%) patients (median follow-up 10.2 months, range 4–12 months). A pre-treatment ciprofloxacin-resistant strain was isolated in 1/9 patients in whom eradication failed. Of 30 patients 29 completed the 2-week regimen; one patient experienced dizziness after 3 days of treatment. The most common side-effect was increased stool frequency (n= 6). This 2-week treatment regimen for metronidazole-resistant H. pylori is well tolerated and achieves an eradication rate of 70%.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2036.1993.tb00083.x
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Eradication of Helicobacter pylori with lansoprazole and clarithromycin (1995)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Alimentary pharmacology & therapeutics 9 (1995), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2036
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Background: Helicobacter pylori eradication with omeprazole and clarithromycin varies between 40 and 80%. The dose, frequency and duration of treatment may account for these differences. Lansoprazole, a recently introduced proton pump inhibitor, is a more potent H. pylori bacteriostat in vitro than omeprazole. The aim of this open, comparative, randomized study was to investigate the efficacy and safety of lansoprazole 30 mg once or twice a day (and for 2 vs. 4 weeks) plus clarithromycin 500 mg t.d.s. for 2 weeks, in the eradication of H. pylori. Methods: Sixty-six patients with H. pylori infection received clarithromycin 500 mg t.d.s. for 2 weeks and one of four lansoprazole regimens: 30 mg once a day for 2 (Group 1, n= 16) or 4 (Group 2, n= 16) weeks, or 30 mg b.d. for 2 (Group 3, n= 18) or 4 (Group 4, n= 16) weeks. H. pylori eradication was determined by the 13C-urea breath test 4 weeks after finishing treatment. Results: Per protocol analysis (53 patients) shows that H. pylori was eradicated in 6/13 (46%) in Group 1, 7/13 (54%) in Group 2, 9/14 (64%) in Group 3 and 9/13 (69%) in Group 4. Thirty-one of 68 patients experienced side effects. Analysis on an intention-totreat basis gave similar results. Conclusion: The dose of lansoprazole appears to be more important than the duration of therapy. Dual therapy with lansoprazole and clarithromycin should be investigated further as a possible treatment regimen for H. pylori infection.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2036.1995.tb00372.x
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    What is new in the epidemiology and pathogenesis of peptic ulcer? (1987)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Alimentary pharmacology & therapeutics 1 (1987), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2036
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: The old dictum‘no acid—no ulcer’is no longer a sufficient explanation of the pathogenesis of ulcer disease. The real question is‘if acid—why ulcer?’Although acid remains predominant, some of the other factors influencing ulcerogenesis are nocturnal acid secretion, pepsin enzyme subspecies, the mucus layer, bicarbonate level, prostaglandins, Campylobacter pylori infection, consumption of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, and smoking habits. Although the ulcer burden has been greatly reduced by the introduction of H2-receptor antagonists, complications such as bleeding and perforation remain a problem, especially in the elderly. Medical treatment, in the form of H2-receptor antagonists, is effective for many patients.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2036.1987.tb00660.x
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oral or intravenous erythromycin has no effect on human distal colonic motility (1992)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Alimentary pharmacology & therapeutics 6 (1992), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2036
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Erythromycin is a prokinetic agent for the lower oesophageal sphincter, the stomach, the gallbladder and the small bowel, acting directly on motilin receptors. Its effect on pressure activity of the human colon has not been investigated. Eight healthy volunteers were studied on 2 occasions and given intravenous or oral erythromycin, or placebo in a single-blind, randomized crossover study. Sigmoid pressure activity was measured using a 4-lumen water perfused system placed sigmoidoscopically at 50, 45, 30 and 15 cm from the anal verge. The pressures were analysed for activity index (mmHg.min) for the 35 cm colonic study segment using dedicated software. No significant difference was found in the activity index following oral erythromycin (500 mg) or placebo, or following intravenous erythromycin 1.8 mg/kg or placebo. A further 8 subjects were studied in a single-blind crossover study to determine the effect of oral erythromycin (500 mg) b.d. on colonic transit, measured with radio-opaque markers and a single abdominal X-ray. Mean or segmental colonic transit times were not statistically significantly different (Student's paired t-test) in the subjects on placebo or erythromycin. This lack of effect of erythromycin on the distal large intestine may indicate the absence of receptors for motilin in that part of the gut.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2036.1992.tb00573.x
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Is oropharyngeal anaesthesia with topical lignocaine useful in upper gastrointestinal endoscopy? (1992)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Alimentary pharmacology & therapeutics 6 (1992), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2036
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: The aim of this study was to determine whether patients' tolerance of upper gastrointestinal endoscopy is related to the dose of lignocaine spray used for oropharyngeal anaesthesia and to measure plasma concentrations at these doses. Sixty consecutive patients undergoing routine upper gastrointestinal endoscopy with sedation were randomized to receive lignocaine spray 50 mg (Group A), 100 mg (Group B) or 200 mg (Group C). Patient, endoscopist and endoscopy nurse were unaware of the variation in dose used. Each patient's tolerance of the intubation and of the remainder of the gastroscopy was assessed independently by the patient, endoscopy nurse, and endoscopist using a visual analogue scale. Plasma lignocaine concentration was measured at 20, 40, 60 and 80 min after administration of the spray. Fifty (83 %) patients were unable to recall either the intubation, or the procedure. On the endoscopy nurse's assessment, the patients in Group B tolerated the intubation better than those in Group A, and Groups B and C tolerated the remainder of the gastroscopy better than those in Group A. On the endoscopist's assessment, Groups B and C tolerated the remainder of the gastroscopy better than Group A. There were fewer gags per min in Groups B and C compared to Group A. Mean plasma Lignocaine concentrations showed a dose—dependent absorption of the spray, but none exceeded the potentially toxic level of 5 mg/L.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2036.1992.tb00738.x
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Eradication of Helicobacter pylori and prevention of recurrence of duodenal ulcer: a randomized, double-blind, multi-centre trial of omeprazole with or without clarithromycin (1995)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Alimentary pharmacology & therapeutics 9 (1995), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2036
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Background: Antimicrobial treatment for Helicobacter pylori eradication is currently recommended for all patients with duodenal ulcer disease, but consensus on the best treatment is lacking. Methods: Patients with active duodenal ulcer and H. pylori were enrolled in a double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled multi-centre study. Patients received omeprazole 40 mg daily for 28 days and either clarithromycin 500 mg t.d.s. or placebo t.d.s. for the first 14 days. Patients underwent endoscopy before starting treatment, at 2 weeks, immediately after stopping treatment if unhealed at 2 weeks, and at 1, 6 and 12 months after the end of treatment, or at the recurrence of symptoms. Eradication of H. pylori, duodenal ulcer healing and ulcer recurrence were measured. Results: One-hundred and fifty-four patients were recruited and randomized to omeprazole plus clarithromycin (n= 74) or to omeprazole plus placebo (n= 80). One month after treatment, H. pylori was eradicated in 57 of 69 (83%; 95% CI: 72–91%) patients receiving omeprazole plus clarithromycin, compared with 1 of 75 (1%; 95% CI: 0–7%) receiving omeprazole alone (P 〈 0.001). In patients receiving omeprazole plus clarithromycin the ulcer healed at 2 weeks in 83% (95% CI: 71–91%) and at 4 weeks in 100% (95% CI: 95–100%), compared with 77% (95% CI: 66–86%) and 97% (95% CI: 91–100%) in those given omeprazole plus placebo (N.S.). Ulcers recurred at 12 months in 6% (95% CI: 1–16%) of patients given omeprazole plus clarithromycin, compared with 76% (95% CI: 63–86%) of patients given omeprazole plus placebo (P 〈 0.001). The incidence of side-effects was similar in both treatment groups (38% with clarithromycin dual therapy and 29% with omeprazole plus placebo; P= 0.304). Ninety per cent of patients took at least 90% of their prescribed medication. Conclusions: Omeprazole plus clarithromycin dual therapy eradicated H. pylori in 83% of patients with duodenal ulcer and significantly decreased 12-month recurrence from 76% to 6%.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2036.1995.tb00400.x
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Lansoprazole, clarithromycin and metronidazole for seven days in Helicobacter pylori infection (1996)
    Oxford BSL : Blackwell Science
    Alimentary pharmacology & therapeutics 10 (1996), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2036
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Background: This study determines the efficacy and safety of a 1-week triple therapy regimen of lansoprazole, clarithromycin and metronidazole in an area with a high prevalence of pre-treatment metronidazole-resistant strains of Helicobacter pylori. Methods: Seventy-five H. pylori positive patients with gastritis or duodenal ulcer were entered into an open study of lansoprazole 30 mg o.m., clarithromycin 250 mg b.d. and metronidazole 400 mg b.d. H. pylori status was determined by CLOtest, histology, culture and by 13C-urea breath test (repeated 〈inlineGraphic alt="geqslant R: gt-or-equal, slanted" extraInfo="nonStandardEntity" href="urn:x-wiley:02692813:APT100:ges" location="ges.gif"/〉28 days after treatment). Results: Seventy-one patients completed the treatment and returned for follow-up. H. pylori was eradicated in 61 of 71 (86%) patients by per-protocol analysis, and in 61 of 75 (81%) patients by intention-to-treat analysis. H. pylori was eradicated in 12 of 16 (75%) patients with metronidazole-resistant strains compared with 22 of 24 (92%) in patients with metronidazole-sensitive strains of H. pylori (P = 0.14). Forty-five patients reported at least one adverse event, and three patients stopped treatment due to them (two with headaches and one with diarrhoea). Conclusions: A 1-week course of lansoprazole 30 mg o.m., clarithromycin 250 mg b.d. and metronidazole 400 mg b.d. eradicates H. pylori in up to 86% of patients. It is of proven benefit in patients with pre-treatment metronidazole-resistant strains of H. pylori.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2036.1996.100272000.x
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Recurrence of duodenal ulcer after Helicobacter pylori eradication is related to high acid output (1997)
    Oxford BSL : Blackwell Science
    Alimentary pharmacology & therapeutics 11 (1997), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2036
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Background: Helicobacter pylori eradication reduces the recurrence of duodenal ulcers. It is unclear why duodenal ulcers rarely recur in the absence of reinfection with H. pylori or NSAID treatment. Methods: Basal, gastrin-releasing peptide- and pentagastrin-stimulated peak acid outputs in patients with ulcer relapse after H. pylori eradication were measured, and compared with patients without ulcer relapse after H. pylori eradication. Results: Pentagastrin-stimulated peak acid output was significantly higher in H. pylori-positive patients with duodenal ulcers than in H. pylori-negative controls, and fell significantly after H. pylori eradication. In H. pylori-negative patients with recurrent duodenal ulcers, pentagastrin-stimulated peak acid output was significantly higher than in controls and similar to H. pylori-positive patients with duodenal ulcers. Conclusions: These findings suggest that duodenal ulcer relapse after eradication of H. pylori may be related to high pentagastrin-stimulated peak acid output. In this subset of patients with duodenal ulcers, maintenance anti-secretory treatment may be necessary to prevent relapse.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2036.1997.146322000.x
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Effect of Intravenous Prostaglandin F 2α on Small Intestinal Function in Man (1973)
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature 243 (1973), S. 169-171 
    Details
    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] Table 1 Mean Transit Time (min/30 cm of Intestine) Study Jejunum Ileum No. Control PGF2a Control PGF2a 1 * 8.8 13.1 12.1 2 10.7 7.4 8.0 8.9 3 4.9 7.0 10.0 8.5 4 6.3 7.0 12.6 12.9 5 7.5 8.8 13.1 11.3 6 6.1 8.8 7 7.9 9.5 8 * * ...
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/243169a0
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Effect of cholecystectomy on mouth-to-cecum transit of a liquid meal (1988)
    Springer
    Digestive diseases and sciences 33 (1988), S. 19-22 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-2568
    Keywords: breath test ; bile acids ; cholecystectomy ; gastrointestinal motility
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Mouth-to-cecum transit and serum bile acid profile after ingestion of a lactulose-labeled liquid meal (440 kcal) were measured in eight patients with gallstones and a radiologically functioning gallbladder before and three to five months after cholecystectomy and in 15 controls. In the patients mouth-to-cecum transit was longer after the operation, 87.5±18.5 (mean±sem)min vs 57.5±9.7 min (P〈0.05). Mouth-to-cecum transit times before and after the operation were not different from controls (58.0±6.7 min). Serum bile acid AUCs were similar (P = NS) in patients and controls, while total bile acid and cholylglycine fasting concentrations were higher after cholecystectomy (P〈0.05 andP〈0.01 respectively). Cholecystectomy prolongs mouth-to-cecum transit of a liquid meal.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01536625
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