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  • 1
    ISSN: 1432-1459
    Keywords: Neuroepidemiology ; prevalence ; Sicily ; Pilot study
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary A pilot study on the prevalence of neurological disorders in Sicily was carried out with a protocol nerve previously used in Italy. A screening questionnaire was administered to 1,601 subjects of a community, designed to identify patients with cerebrovascular diseases, epilepsy, extrapyramidal syndromes, peripheral neuropathies, migraine and intracranial neoplasms. Of 262 subjects who were identified as likely to be suffering from neurological illness, 248 (94.6%) were examined by a neurologist. Of these, 8.9% were found to be normal, 46.8% were suffering from non-neurological diseases, 44.3% had one or more neurological diseases (prevalence of 6.8%). This pilot study proved to be a good starting-point for a future major survey.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    ISSN: 1432-1459
    Keywords: Fahr's syndrome ; Basal ganglia calcification ; Calcium metabolism ; Meningoencephalitis
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Three cases of Fahr's syndrome are described. All patients had disturbances of calcium metabolism and had had a meningoencephalitis in childhood. It is suggested that gliovascular changes, induced by cerebral inflammation, can later facilitate the occurrence of calcification of the striopallidodentate system when abnormality of calcium metabolism develops.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    ISSN: 1590-3478
    Keywords: Stroke ; Incidence ; Survival ; Epidemiology ; Sicily ; Italy
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Sommario In questo studio, abbiamo esaminato l'incidenza di primo ictus cerebrale in tre comuni siciliani nei tre anni dal 1984 al 1987. L'identificazione dei casi è avvenuta mediante due strategie: uno studio di prevalenza porta-aporta in due fasi ed uno studio dei certificati di morte. Soltanto casi di primo ictus cerbrale avvenuti durante l'intervallo di tempo dello studio sono stati considerati e le diagnosi sono state assegnate sulla base di criteri clinici definiti. Abbiamo rilevato 138 soggetti the hanno avuto un primo ictus cerebrale a partire da un totale di 73 488 annipersona; il tasso di incidenza medio (nuovi casi per 1000 soggetti per anno) era 1,9 nella popolazione totale e 4,8 nei soggetti al di sopra dei 39 anni di età. L'incidenza aumentava rapidamente con l'età ed era simile in uomini e donne. L'incidenza era simile nei tre comuni inclusi nello studio. Il tasso di letalità complessivo era 35% a 30 giorni e 22% ad una settimana. La sopravvivenza dopo l'ictus era simile in uomini e donne ma era più lunga nei pazienti giovani rispetto a quelli più anziani al momento dell'ictus. Il confronto con studi precedenti suggerisce l'assenza di grandi differenze nell'incidenza di ictus all'interno dell'Italia.
    Notes: Abstract We investigated the incidence of first-ever stroke in three Sicilian municipalities over the years 1984–1987. Case ascertainment involved two approaches: a doorto-door two-phase prevalence survey and a study of death certificates. Only first-ever strokes occurring within the study time interval were included, and diagnoses were based on specified criteria. We found 138 subjects who had experienced a first stroke over 73 488 person-years; the average incidence rate (new cases per 1000 population per year) was 1.9 overall, 1.7 in men, and 2.1 in women. Incidence increased steeply with age and was similar in men and women. Incidence was similar in the three study municipalities. The overall case-fatality rate was 35% at 30 days and 22% at one week. Survival after stroke was similar in men and women but better in younger compared to older stroke patients. Comparisons with previous studies suggest the absence of major geographic variations in stroke incidence within Italy.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    ISSN: 1590-3478
    Keywords: Epidemiology ; Epilepsy ; Prevalence
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Sommario Nell'ambito di un'indagine porta a porta su alcune comuni malattie neurologiche in Sicilia (Progetto SNES), abbiamo somministrato un questionario di screening mirato sui sintomi ed un breve esame neurologico allo scopo di individuare i pazienti epilettici. Tutti i soggetti effettivamente residenti al 1° novembre 1987 (giorno di prevalenza) nel comune di Riposto sono stati studiati (N=9956). Quelli positivi al questionario o con una diagnosi precedente di epilessia sono stati accuratamente valutati da un neurologo e quindi rivalutati per la diagnosi definitiva da un gruppo di neurologi esperti. Il tasso di prevalenza grezzo di tutte le epilessie (attive e non attive) à risultato di 3,21/1000; la prevalenza delle sole forme attive era di 2,71/1000. Su 27 casi di epilessia attiva, 16 erano affetti da crisi generalizzate tonico-cloniche, 4 da assenze, 4 da crisi parziali complesse. Tutti tranne due pazienti erano in trattamento con farmaci antiepilettici, la gran parte con fenobarbital. Il nostro tasso di prevalenza è inferiore a quelli riportati dalla maggior parte degli autori, ma molto vicino ai valori riscontrati in altri comuni siciliani.
    Notes: Abstract In a door-to-door survey of common neurological disorders in Sicily (SNES Project), we administered a screening symptoms questionnaire and a brief neurological examination to detect epileptic patients. All of the subjects effectively resident in the community of Riposto on 1 November 1987 (prevalence day) were investigated (n=9956). The subjects with a positive questionnaire or a previous diagnosis of epilepsy were extensively examined by a neurologist and then definitively classified for epilepsy by a panel of senior neurologists. The crude prevalence of active and non-active epilepsy was 3.21/1000; the prevalence of active epilepsy alone was 2.71/1000. Of the 27 active cases, sixteen were affected by genralized tonic-clonic seizures, four by absences and four by complex partial attacks. All except two were being treated with antiepileptic drugs, most with phenobarbital. Our prevalence rate is lower than that reported by most authors, but similar to the rates in other Sicilian communities.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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