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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Growth Responses of the Cuttings of Two Willow Species to Elevated CO2 and Temperature (1995)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Plant species biology 10 (1995), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1442-1984
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Growth of the cuttings of two willows (Salix sachalinensis Fr. Schmidt and S. miyabeana Seeman) was examined at CO2 levels of 36 Pa and 70 Pa and at two temperature regimes to assess possible changes in the competitive abilities between the two species under elevated CO2 and temperature. Both willows are typical light demanding species. At 70 Pa CO2, the formation of sylleptic shoots of was accelerated to a greater extent in S. sachalinensis than in S. miyabeana. In both species, leaf area, specific leaf area, and chlorophyll and nitrogen concentrations decreased under elevated CO2. A positive correlation between foliar nitrogen concentration and net photosynthetic rate measured at growth CO2 level was observed. In all treatments, nitrogen use efficiency for the photosynthetic capacity was higher in S. sachalinensis than in S. miyabeana. After 78 days of cultivation, dry mass of the whole plant was 1.5 times greater for S. miyabeana than for S. sachalinensis. Under fertile conditions, S. miyabeana may be more competitive than S. sachalinensis in an early stage of regeneration as a result of its rapid height growth.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1442-1984.1995.tb00127.x
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Crown profile of foliage area characterized with the Weibull distribution in a hinoki (Chamaecyparis obtusa) stand (1991)
    Springer
    Trees 5 (1991), S. 149-152 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2285
    Keywords: Foliage area profile ; Chamaecyparis obtusa (Sieb, et Zucc.) Endl ; Weibull distribution ; Shape parameter ; Scale parameter
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Summary Thirten sample trees of various sizes in a 29-year-old hinoki [Chamaecyparis obtusa (Sieb, et Zucc.) Endl.] plantation were felled and subjected to the stratified clip technique. Crown profile of foliage area fitted well with the Weibull distribution. The crown profile tended to be more skewed toward the top of crowns in smaller trees than in larger trees. This tendency was reflected in the value of the shape parameter of the Weibull distribution. The shape parameter ranged from 1.73 to 3.23 and gradually increased up to an asymptotic value with an increase of stem diameter at breast height. The scale parameter of the distribution ranged from 1.0 to 4.2 and tended to increase in proportion to stem diameter at breast height. Foliage area of a tree correlated well with stem diameter at breast height through an ordinary allometric equation. Tree height could be approximated fairly well by a generalized allometric equation as a function of stem diameter at breast height. On the basis of the census of stem diameter at breast height, canopy profile could be constructed synthesizing crown profiles of foliage area for individual trees in the stand. Leaf area index was estimated to be 6.6 ha ha−1.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00204336
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Variations in leaf β13C along a vertical profile of irradiance in a temperate Japanese forest (1997)
    Springer
    Oecologia 110 (1997), S. 253-261 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1939
    Keywords: Key words Carbon isotope discrimination  ;  Deciduous forest  ;  Light levels  ;  Intercellular CO2  ;  Zea mays
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract The vertical profile of stable carbon isotope ratios (δ13C) of leaves was analyzed for 13 tree species in a cool-temperate deciduous forest in Japan. The vertical distribution of long-term averaged δ13C in atmospheric CO2 (δa) was estimated from δ13C of dry matter from NADP-malic enzyme type C4 plant (Zea mays L. var. saccharata Sturt.) grown at a tower in the forest for 32␣days, assuming constant Δ value (3.3‰) in Z. mays against height. The δa value obtained from δ13C in Z.␣mays was lowest at the forest floor (−9.30 ± 0.03‰), increased with height, and was almost constant above 10␣m (−7.14 ± 0.14‰). Then leaf Δ values for the tree species were calculated from tree leaf δ13 C andδa. Mean leaf Δ values for the three tall deciduous species (Fraxinus mandshurica, Ulmus davidiana, and Alnus hirsuta) were significantly different among three height levels in the forest: 23.1 ± 0.7‰ at the forest floor (understory), 21.4 ± 0.5‰ in lower canopy, and 20.5 ± 0.3‰ in upper canopy. The true difference in tree leaf Δ among the forest height levels might be even greater, because Δ in Z. mays probably increased with shading by up to ∼‰. The difference in tree leaf Δ among the forest height levels would be mainly due to decreasing intercellular CO2 (C i) with the increase in irradiance. Potential assimilation rate for the three tree species probably increased with height, since leaf nitrogen content on an area basis for these species also increased with height. However, the increase in stomatal conductance for these tree species would fail to meet the increase in potential assimilation rate, which might lead to increasing the degree of stomatal limitation in photosynthesis with height.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s004420050158
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