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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The Relationship Between Amalgam Restorations and Mercury Levels in Male Dentists and Nondental Health Professionals (2003)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Journal of public health dentistry 63 (2003), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1752-7325
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Objectives: The objectives of this study were: (1) to compare the mercury levels in general dentists with the mercury levels in other health professionals using toenail clippings as a biomarker, (2) to identify risk factors associated with high mercury levels, and (3) to compare practice characteristics of dentists with high and low mercury levels. Methods: A sample of 579 men was randomly selected from the 33,737 men participating in the Health Professionals Follow-up Study who had provided toenail samples in 1987. A questionnaire was sent to these male subjects in 1991 to obtain information on fish consumption, tooth-brushing frequency, number of teeth, number of amalgam restorations, general practice or specialty status, number of amalgam restorations placed and removed per week, mercury storage and handling procedures, and mercury spillage incidents. A measure of long-term mercury exposure was obtained from toenail samples using neutron activation analysis for the 410 respondents (71% response rate). The 90th percentile mercury level in toenails (0.88 ppm) was selected as the threshold for elevated toenail mercury level. Results: No relationship was found between the number of dental amalgams and toenail mercury levels among general dentists, dental specialists, and nondental health professionals. General dentists were found to have more than twice the level of mercury in toenails than nondental health professionals (mean level=0.94 vs 0.45) and 60 percent higher than dental specialists (mean=0.59). The combined use of disposable capsules and water storage of scrap amalgam appeared to reduce the risk of elevated mercury levels. Regardless of professional status, consumption of tuna and saltwater fish were the primary exposure factors that were positively associated with toenail mercury levels. Conclusions: As shown by the associations with dental profession and fish consumption, the mercury content of toenails is a stable biomarker of cumulative long-term mercury exposure. The lack of association between nail mercury levels and number of amalgam restorations suggests that avoidance of mercury amalgam restorative materials cannot be justified by the presence of mercury released from dental amalgams.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1752-7325.2003.tb03474.x
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A differential neural response in the human amygdala to fearful and happy facial expressions (1996)
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature 383 (1996), S. 812-815 
    Details
    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] Facial expressions are a mechanism through which internal emotional states and intentions become available as external signals, consequently the face is vital in social cognition1'9'10. The primate amygdala is thought to be involved in processing facial expression and in controlling emotional and ...
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/383812a0
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Conscious and unconscious emotional learning in the human amygdala (1998)
    [s.l.] : Macmillan Magazines Ltd.
    Nature 393 (1998), S. 467-470 
    Details
    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] If subjects are shown an angry face as a target visual stimulus for less than forty milliseconds and are then immediately shown an expressionless mask, these subjects report seeing the mask but not the target. However, an aversively conditioned masked target can elicit an emotional response ...
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/30976
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  • 4
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    Oman's Conception of the Personal God in "The Natural and the Supernatural" (1972)
    London : Periodicals Archive Online (PAO)
    Journal of theological studies. n.s.:23 (1972) 82 
    Details
    ISSN: 0022-5185
    Topics: Theology and Religious Studies
    Notes: ARTICLES, NOTES, AND STUDIES
    URL: http://gateway.proquest.com/openurl?url_ver=Z39.88-2004&res_dat=xri:pao:&rft_dat=xri:pao:article:f198-1972-023-00-000019
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The development of a rectilinear scanner utilizing high resolution gamma-ray detection (1992)
    Springer
    Journal of radioanalytical and nuclear chemistry 157 (1992), S. 15-25 
    Details
    ISSN: 1588-2780
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Energy, Environment Protection, Nuclear Power Engineering
    Notes: Abstract A rectilinear scanner has been constructed which incorporates high resolution gamma-ray spectroscopy. This scanner was built to simultaneously image the distributions of multiple gamma-emitting radionuclides in small animals, such as rabbits and rats. The instrument design is described, followed by studies of the Ge(Li) detector response and calibration tests of a single straight-hole collimator. Based on these results, two new collimators were designed and constructed; (1) a six tapered-hole focusing collimator and (2) a nine straight-hole focusing collimator. These new collimators are advantageous because they offer an increased efficiency of gamma-ray detection during scanning. They also give better image resolution in the differentiation of two points (or organs) on a plane. The results of the calibration tests and comparisons of the resolution and efficiency among collimators are illustrated and discussed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02039773
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Contamination studies in the use of human nails for dietary studies: The effect of clippers (1992)
    Springer
    Journal of radioanalytical and nuclear chemistry 158 (1992), S. 251-259 
    Details
    ISSN: 1588-2780
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Energy, Environment Protection, Nuclear Power Engineering
    Notes: Abstract A series of five experiments were undertaken using several brands of fingernail and toenail clippers to determine if there was a potential source of contamination and interference in the ongoing dietary studies using nails from large cohort groups. A cleanup protocol was deemed sufficient to remove possible contamination.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02047112
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Determination of total, and bound Se in sera by INAA (1994)
    Springer
    Journal of radioanalytical and nuclear chemistry 179 (1994), S. 315-322 
    Details
    ISSN: 1588-2780
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Energy, Environment Protection, Nuclear Power Engineering
    Notes: Abstract In this study we report on the comparison between the total selenium in serum (“total Se”) with that which is apparently bound to high molecular weight (〉12,000 D) species, presumably proteins (“bound Se”). Nine hundred seventy seven (977) serum samples arising out of a population-based epidemiological study were prepared in duplicate for the determination of “total Se” by pipeting directly into irradiation vials; and separate duplicate aliquots were dialyzed against DI water for the determination of “bound Se”. All samples were analyzed by neutron activation analysis via77mSe (17.4 s). A small dialyzable Se component (∼6%) (“free Se”), defined as the difference between the “total Se” minus the “bound Se”, was identified.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02040166
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Study of the correlation of trace elements in caprenters' toenails (1995)
    Springer
    Journal of radioanalytical and nuclear chemistry 195 (1995), S. 31-42 
    Details
    ISSN: 1588-2780
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Energy, Environment Protection, Nuclear Power Engineering
    Notes: Abstract Toenail samples were collected from 129 carpenters (average age 47). The bone and blood lead data for these carpenters have shown a broad range of lead-level exposure in this population. A total of 28 elements were measured in the sample set by a combination of instrumental neutron activation analysis (INAA) and graphite furnace atomic absorption spectrometry (GFAAS) methods. Of the elements measured, only Co, Cr, Fe, Na, Cd, Cu, F, and Ni were significantly correlated with lead. A statistical treatment of the overall data set, including principal component analysis, was further applied in an attempt to correlate the elements in the samples.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02036470
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Determination of the fluoride distribution in rabbit bone using instrumental neutron activation analysis (1997)
    Springer
    Journal of radioanalytical and nuclear chemistry 217 (1997), S. 171-174 
    Details
    ISSN: 1588-2780
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Energy, Environment Protection, Nuclear Power Engineering
    Notes: Abstract An instrumental neutron activation analysis (INAA) technique, based on the19F(n,λ)20F reaction, has been development for the determination of fluoride in bone. The purpose was to study fluoride distribution in different kinds of bone samples using a rabbit model. The rationale for the study stems from the posible correlation between fluoride in bone and osteoporosis. The sodium concentration in the bone was used to correct the20F peak area for the23F(n,α)20F contribution. Two secondary standards, teflon tape and teflon coated dacron line, were used to quantify fluoride concentration. They proved to be stable and consistent with respect to their fluoride concentration. Bone specimens from 10 sites and two tooth samples were analyzed for fluoride. Fluoride concentration ranged from 305 ppm in the tibia long bone to 585 ppm in the humerus trochanter end and the magnitude of fluoride concentration levels is age depdentent. The detection limit of the fluoride is approximately 5 ppm using a 100 mg bone sample.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02034437
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Comparison of whole blood, plasma and nails as monitors for the dietary intake of selenium (1998)
    Springer
    Journal of radioanalytical and nuclear chemistry 236 (1998), S. 29-34 
    Details
    ISSN: 1588-2780
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Energy, Environment Protection, Nuclear Power Engineering
    Notes: Abstract The measurement of dietary selenium intake in a free-living population using dietary recall techniques has been shown to be spurious. Consequently, in our laboratory, we have focused on the development of biologic monitors such as blood, nails, hair and urine. In this paper, we report on the neutron activation analysis of whole blood, plasma and nail specimens collected from 285 Caucasian subjects, all permanent residents of Hawaii, participating in a malignant melanoma trial. Correlations between monitors are presented and discussed in the context of selenium determinants and integration of selenium intake.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02386313
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