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Gender differences in sweat lactate (2000)

Green, J. M. ; Bishop, P. A. ; Muir, I. H. ; [et al.]

Springer

European journal of applied physiology 82 (2000), S. 230-235

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ISSN: 1439-6327

Keywords: Key words Eccrine sweat ; Gender ; Sweat composition ; Sweat rate

Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000

Topics: Medicine

Notes: Abstract Sweat rate may affect sweat lactate concentration. The current study examined potential gender differences in sweat lactate concentrations because of varying sweat rates. Males (n=6) and females (n=6) of similar age, percentage body fat, and maximal oxygen consumption (VO2max) completed constant load (CON) cycling (30 min – approximately 40% VO2max) and interval cycling (INT) (15 1-min intervals each separated by 1 min of rest) trials at 32 (1) °C wet bulb globe temperature (WBGT). Trials were preceded by 15 min of warm-up (0.5 kp, 60 rpms) and followed by 15 min of rest. Blood and sweat samples were collected at 15, 25, 35, 45, and 60 min during each trial. Total body water loss was used to calculate sweat rate. Blood lactate concentrations (CON ≅ 2 mmol · l−1, INT ≅ 6 mmol · l−1) and sweat lactate concentrations (CON and INT ≅ 12 mmol · l−1) were not significantly different (P 〉 0.05) at any time between genders for CON or INT. Overall sweat rates (ml · h−1) were not significantly different (P 〉 0.05) between trials but were significantly greater (P ≤ 0.05) for males than for females for CON [779.7 (292.6) versus 450.3 (84.6) ml · h−1] and INT [798.0 (268.3) versus 503.0 (41.4) ml · h−1]. However, correcting for surface area diminished the difference [CON: 390.7 (134.4) versus 277.7 (44.4) ml · h−1, INT: 401.5 (124.1) versus 310.6 (23.4) ml · h−1 (P ≤ 0.07)]. Estimated total lactate secretion was significantly greater (P ≤ 0.05) in males for CON and INT. Results suggest that sweat rate differences do not affect sweat lactate concentrations between genders.

Type of Medium: Electronic Resource

URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s004210050676

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Possible mechanism for target cell lysis by cytotoxic T-cells (1984)

Friedberg, R. C. ; Bitensky, L. ; Chayen, J. ; [et al.]

New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell

Cell Biochemistry and Function 2 (1984), S. 89-94

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ISSN: 0263-6484

Keywords: Immunology ; cytotoxic T cells ; lysosomes ; quantitative cytochemistry ; Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology

Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000

Topics: Biology , Medicine

Notes: The mechanism of the lysis of target cells by cytotoxic T-cells (Tc) is still obscure; there is no evidence for transfer of material from the Tc and prior to lysis, despite intimate contact, the plasma membranes of both types of cell appear to remain intact. The effects on the target cell lysosomes of brief contact between anti-viral Tc and targets bearing both the appropriate histocompatibility and viral antigens, have been examined cytochemically. Both the distribution of acid phosphatase activity and the percentage bound lysosomal naphthylamidase activity indicated that, in virus-infected target cells exposed to Tc, the lysosomal membranes became totally labilized. Thus the contact between Tc and targets appears to cause sufficient perturbation of the target plasma membrane as to cause the intracellular release of some agent that activates ‘suicide capsule’ lysosomes.

Additional Material: 3 Ill.