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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Journal of molecular evolution 35 (1992), S. 292-303 
    ISSN: 1432-1432
    Keywords: rbcL ; Relative rates of nucleotide substitution ; Generation time ; Phylogeny construction
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary We subjected 35 rbcL nucleotide sequences from monocotyledonous taxa to maximum likelihood relative rate tests and estimated relative differences in rates of nucleotide substitution between groups of sequences without relying on knowledge of divergence times between taxa. Rate tests revealed that there is a hierarchy of substitution rate at the rbcL locus within the monocots. Among the taxa analyzed the grasses have the most rapid substitution rate; they are followed in rate by the Orchidales, the Liliales, the Bromeliales, and the Arecales. The overall substitution rate for the rbcL locus of grasses is over 5 times the substitution rate in the rbcL of the palms. The substitution rate at the third codon positions in the rbcL of the grasses is over 8 times the third position rate in the palms. The pattern of rate variation is consistent with the generation-time-effect hypothesis. Heterogenous rates of substitution have important implications for phylogenetic reconstruction.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Journal of molecular evolution 44 (1997), S. 492 -500 
    ISSN: 1432-1432
    Keywords: Key words: Spectrin — Substitution pattern — Substitution rate — Elliptocytosis — Spherocytosis — Maximum likelihood — Gene duplication
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract. The actin–cross-linking protein spectrin is a prominent component of the membrane cytoskeleton. Spectrin is a tetramer of two antiparallel αβ-dimers which share a unique and ancient gene structure. The α-spectrin and β-spectrin genes are composed primarily of tandemly repeated 106-amino-acid segments, each of which forms a triple α-helical coiled coil. Both the genes and the repeats themselves are homologous. The two genes are thought to be the result of a gene duplication event, and each gene is the product of duplications of the 106-amino-acid repeats. In this work we compare the process of molecular evolution across the repeated segments of the α- and β-spectrin genes. We find that the α-spectrin segments have, for the most part, evolved in a homogeneous fashion, while considerable heterogeneity is found among β-spectrin segments. Several segments with unique known functions are found to have evolved differently than the others. On the basis of heterogeneity of the evolutionary process, we suggest that at least one repeat has a unique function that has yet to be documented. We also present new statistical methods for comparing the evolutionary process between different regions of DNA sequences.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Plant molecular biology 42 (2000), S. 25-43 
    ISSN: 1573-5028
    Keywords: chloroplast genes ; maximum likelihood ; molecular clocks ; nucleotide substitution models ; rates of molecular evolution
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Driven by rapid improvements in affordable computing power and by the even faster accumulation of genomic data, the statistical analysis of molecular sequence data has become an active area of interdisciplinary research. Maximum likelihood methods have become mainstream because of their desirable properties and, more importantly, their potential for providing statistically sound solutions in complex data analysis settings. In this chapter, a review of recent literature focusing on rates and patterns of nucleotide substitution rates in the nuclear, chloroplast, and mitochondrial genomes of plants demonstrates the power and flexibility of these new methods. The emerging picture of the nucleotide substitution process in plants is a complex one. Evolutionary rates are seen to be quite variable, both among genes and among plant lineages. However, there are hints, particularly in the chloroplast, that individual factors can have important effects on many genes simultaneously.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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