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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Skeletal Muscle Ventricles with Efferent Valved Homograft (1993)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Journal of cardiac surgery 8 (1993), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1540-8191
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Skeletal muscle ventricles (SMVs) were constructed from the latissimus dorsi muscle in seven beagles. Following 3 weeks of vascular delay and 6 weeks of electrical conditioning, the SMVs were connected in series with the thoracic aorta using a valved aortic homograft for the efferent limb. The SMVs were stimulated to contract synchronously during diastole. Effective aortic diastolic counterpulsation was achieved in all dogs, with an average 24.2%± 15.3% improvement in diastolic pressure. In two animals surviving beyond 3 months, increase in SMV function was noted over time. Appropriate aortic homograft valve function was documented by echocardiogram. Acute reversible heart failure was induced with propranolol in one dog alive after 126 days. A 61.3% reduction in cardiac output and a 37.6% reduction in mean arterial blood pressure were achieved. During profound low cardiac output, SMV stimulation with 33 Hz and 50 Hz improved cardiac output by 16.9% and 17.8%, improved the tension time index by 14.9% and 16.1%, and improved the endocardial viability ratio by 34.1% and 34.1%, respectively. These results again demonstrate the long-term effectiveness of SMVs as aortic counterpulsators. A valve in the efferent limb of the SMV system functions appropriately over time and may improve the efficiency of the system.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1540-8191.1993.tb00371.x
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Endothelial Lined Skeletal Muscle Ventricles: Open and Percutaneous Seeding Techniques (1995)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Journal of cardiac surgery 10 (1995), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1540-8191
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Twelve bilateral skeletal muscle ventricles (SMVs) were constructed in six dogs by wrapping each latissimus dorsi muscle around a cylindrical, plastic mandrel (volume 30 cc). After 6 to 10 weeks, five dogs had one of their SMVs seeded with allogeneic cultured canine endothelial cells (8 times 106 cells/pouch) via an open technique, while the contralateral SMV was seeded by percutaneous injection of cells into the space around the mandrel. After 1 week, the SMVs were excised. Viable, adherent endothelial cells were present in all seeded pouches; this was confirmed via fluorescent microscopy with several endothelial cell markers: KLH-2, dilacetylated low-density lipoprotein and antibodies to von Willebrand factor. The inner lining of the SMVs were also examined with scanning and transmission electron microscopy; the highest concentration of cells were seen at the apex where a continuous endothelial monolayer was observed. No significant difference in the distribution or the morphology of the endothelial lining was noted between the open and percutaneous seeding techniques. These data show that SMVs can be seeded with an endothelial monolayer using both open and percutaneous techniques.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1540-8191.1995.tb00605.x
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Intrathoracic and Extrathoracic Skeletal Muscle Ventricles in Circulation: Left Ventricular Apex-to-Aorta Configuration (1994)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Journal of cardiac surgery 9 (1994), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1540-8191
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Skeletal muscle ventricles (SMVs) were constructed from the latissimus dorsi muscle in 12 dogs. In group I (n = 6), SMVs were placed intrathoracic, in the apex of the left hemlthorax. In group II (n = 6), SMVs were positioned extrathoracic between the chest wall and subcutaneous tissue. After a 3-week vascular delay period, SMVs were electrically precondltloned wlth 2-Hz continuous stimulation for 6 weeks. At a second procedure, a valved conduit was placed between the left ventrlcular (LV) apex and the SMV, and a second valved condult between the SMV and the thoracic aorta. The SMVs were stimulated to contract during dlestole at a 1:2 ratio wlth the heart. In group I, SMVs generated peak pressures of 91 ± 10 mmHg, pumped 47% of the systemic blood flow (0.73 ± 0.25 vs 1.54 ± 0.42 Umin; p 〈 0.05), and produced a 25% decrease In the LV systolic tension-time Index (TTI) (16.9 ± 2.7 vs 12.5 ± 3.3 mmHg sec; p 〈 0.05). In group II, SMV peak pressure was 93 ± 10 mmHg, SMVs pumped 51% of the systemlc blood flow (0.78 ± 0.10 vs 1.53 ± 0.42 L/min; p 〈 0.05), and the LV systolic TTI decreased 29% (14.0 ± 0.8 vs 9.9 ± 2.0 mmHg sec; p 〈 0.05). There was no significant difference between group I and II. These data Indicate that the SMV:LV apex-to-aorta configuration is the most effective method reported to date for skeletal muscle cardiac assist. Extrathoracic and Intrathoracic SMVs functioned equally well after connectlon to the circulation. (J Card Surg 1994;9:332–342)
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1540-8191.1994.tb00852.x
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Chronic Changes of End-Systolic Pressure-Volume Relationship After Regional Myocardial Infarction (1995)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Journal of cardiac surgery 10 (1995), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1540-8191
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: The chronic changes of the end-systolic pressure-volume relationship (ESPVR) after regional myocardial infarction were evaluated in a sheep model. Pressure-volume area (PVA) obtained from the pressure-volume diagram and left ventricular oxygen consumption (LVO2) were studied. The regional myocardial infarction was created by ligating distal branches of the left coronary artery. ESPVR was obtained using a conductance catheter during transient inferior vena cava occlusion. Measurements were performed at baseline (n = 13), 1 hour (n = 8), 3 months (n = 9), and 6 months (n = 4) after infarction. Ees, the slope of the ESPVR did not change at 1 hour after infarction and remained the same at 3-month and 6-month measurements (baseline 2.26 ± 1.24 mmHg/mL, 1 hour 2.71 ± 1.06, 3 months 3.46 ± 1.51, 6 months 2.45 ± 0.64, NS). Because of the ventricular dilatation, which was demonstrated as an increase in changes of end-systolic volume (Ves) correlating with the time course after infarction (y = -3.21 + 0.128±, r = 0.454, p 〈 0.05), V0, the volume intercept of the ESPVR increased at 1 hour after the infarction, and showed a tendency to increase at 3 months and 6 months after the infarction (baseline -18.0 ± 22.5 mL; 1 hour -0.9 ± 11.6; 3 months 5.4 ± 10.9, 6 months 9.2 ± 23.1, baseline vs 3 months p 〈 0.05, baseline vs 6 months p 〈 0.05). PVA and LVO2 were unchanged over time after infarction (PVA: baseline 2097 ± 1526 mmHg/mL per 100 g-1; 1 hour 1771 ± 699; 3 months 2483 ± 1086; 6 months 1,608 ±1,010, NS), (LVO2: baseline 40.6 ± 13.1 ± 10–3 mL/100 g-1 per beat-1; 1 hour 42.9 ± 9.7; 3 months 35.0 ± 8.6; 6 months 31.2 ± 18.1, NS). Chronic regional infarction in the sheep model did not affect Ees over 6 months, but significantly increased V0 after the increase in the acute phase. PVA and LVO2 were not affected by this regional infarction either acutely or over 6 months.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1540-8191.1995.tb00656.x
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Haematopoietic stem cells do not transdifferentiate into cardiac myocytes in myocardial infarcts (2004)
    [s.l.] : Macmillian Magazines Ltd.
    Nature 428 (2004), S. 664-668 
    Details
    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] The mammalian heart has a very limited regenerative capacity and, hence, heals by scar formation. Recent reports suggest that haematopoietic stem cells can transdifferentiate into unexpected phenotypes such as skeletal muscle, hepatocytes, epithelial cells, neurons, endothelial cells and ...
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nature02446
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