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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Relationship between acetone exposure concentration and health effects in acetate fiber plant workers (1996)
    Springer
    International archives of occupational and environmental health 68 (1996), S. 147-153 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1246
    Keywords: Acetone ; Epidemiology ; Occupational exposure ; Adverse health effects ; Exposureresponse relationship
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract In order to clarify the effects of acetone (AC) exposure on health, a cross-sectional study was carried out in 110 male AC-exposed and 67 male nonexposed shift workers. The AC workers ranged in age from 18.7 to 56.8 years (mean: 37.6 years) and in length of AC exposure from 0.5 to 34.3 years (mean: 14.9 years). The nonexposed workers ranged in age from 20.7 to 57.5 years (mean: 41.9 years). AC exposure levels assessed by personal passive monitors and biological monitoring indices measured at the end of the workshift were 19.6–1018 ppm in the breathing zone (AC-E, mean: 364 ppm), 2.5–422 ppm in alveolar air (AC-A, mean: 97.3 ppm) 4–220 mg/1 in blood (AC-B, mean 66.0 ppm), and 0.75–170 mg/l in urine (AC-U, mean: 37.8 mg/1). Symptoms at the end of the workshift with good exposure-response relationships were eye irritation, tearing, and acetone odor, and symptoms within the previous 6 months with good exposure-response relationships were heavy, vague, or faint feeling in the head, nausea, loss of weight, and slow healing of an external wound. In the 30–44 year age range, simple reaction time and digit span scores in a short computerized neuro-behavioral test battery were significantly lower in AC workers, but exposure-response relationships were not clear. Manifest Anxiety Scale scores, Self-rating Depression Scale scores, R-R interval variation on the ECG, hematological examinations, serum biochemistry examinations for liver function, and phagocytic activity of peripheral neutrophils did not show any AC-related differences between the two groups. In view of the reported findings, the current occupational exposure limit of 750 ppm recommended by many governmental and academic associations seems to be too high to prevent the health effects of AC observed in this study.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00381623
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Four-year follow-up of effects of toluene diisocyanate exposure on the respiratory system in polyurethane foam manufacturing workers (1992)
    Springer
    International archives of occupational and environmental health 63 (1992), S. 565-569 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1246
    Keywords: Toluene diisocyanate ; Cohort study ; Pulmonary function ; Peak exposure ; Polyurethane foam
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Fifty-seven polyurethane foam manufacturing workers (PF workers) and 24 reference workers were followed for 4 years to clarify the effects on pulmonary function of working in PF factories with exposure to toluene diisocyanate (TDI). No significant differences in the average annual losses (AALs) of pulmonary function for 4 years were observed among the 28PF workers whose TDI exposure levels were very low (mean= 0.1 ppb, group L), the remaining 29 PF workers with mean TDI exposure of 5.7 ppb (group H), and the reference workers. However, 15 PF workers in group H who had experienced peak exposure excursions to 30 ppb or above with a mean concentration of 8.2 ppb showed significantly larger AALs in percentage maximal mid-expiratory flow, forced expiratory volume in 1 s ratio to vital capacity (FVC), and forced expiratory flow at 25% of FVC than expected, and significantly larger AALs in some obstructive pulmonary function indices than those of the 14 remaining PF workers in group H whose peak exposure excursion levels were 3-14 ppb with a mean time-weighted average (TWA) of 1.7 ppb, group L, and the reference workers. These findings suggest that the peak exposure excursion level of TDI might be important in inducing obstructive pulmonary function changes in the PF workers rather than the TWA exposure levels, though further comparative studies of the AAL in those who are exposed to different peak exposure excursion levels but the same mean exposure levels are necessary. From the standpoint of prevention, the proposition that peak exposure excursion levels exceeding 20 ppb should be avoided is reasonable.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00386347
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Relationship between acetone exposure concentration and health effects in acetate fiber plant workers (1996)
    Springer
    International archives of occupational and environmental health 68 (1996), S. 147-153 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1246
    Keywords: Key words Acetone ; Epidemiology ; Occupational exposure ; Adverse health effects ; Exposure-response relationship
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract  In order to clarify the effects of acetone (AC) exposure on health, a cross-sectional study was carried out in 110 male AC-exposed and 67 male nonexposed shift workers. The AC workers ranged in age from 18.7 to 56.8 years (mean: 37.6 years) and in length of AC exposure from 0.5 to 34.3 years (mean: 14.9 years). The nonexposed workers ranged in age from 20.7 to 57.5 years (mean: 41.9 years). AC exposure levels assessed by personal passive monitors and biological monitoring indices measured at the end of the workshift were 19.6–1018 ppm in the breathing zone (AC-E, mean: 364 ppm), 2.5–422 ppm in alveolar air (AC-A, mean: 97.3 ppm) 4–220 mg/l in blood (AC-B, mean 66.0 ppm), and 0.75–170 mg/l in urine (AC-U, mean: 37.8 mg/l). Symptoms at the end of the workshift with good exposure-response relationships were eye irritation, tearing, and acetone odor, and symptoms within the previous 6 months with good exposure-response relationships were heavy, vague, or faint feeling in the head, nausea, loss of weight, and slow healing of an external wound. In the 30–44 year age range, simple reaction time and digit span scores in a short computerized neurobehavioral test battery were significantly lower in AC workers, but exposure-response relationships were not clear. Manifest Anxiety Scale scores, Self-rating Depression Scale scores, R-R interval variation on the ECG, hematological examinations, serum biochemistry examinations for liver function, and phagocytic activity of peripheral neutrophils did not show any AC-related differences between the two groups. In view of the reported findings, the current occupational exposure limit of 750 ppm recommended by many governmental and academic associations seems to be too high to prevent the health effects of AC observed in this study.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00381623
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Four-year follow-up of effects of toluene diisocyanate exposure on the respiratory system in polyurethane foam manufacturing workers (1992)
    Springer
    International archives of occupational and environmental health 63 (1992), S. 559-564 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1246
    Keywords: Toluene diisocyanate ; Cohort study ; Pulmonary function ; Respiratory symptom ; Polyurethane foam
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary A 4-year cohort study was designed to assess the exposure-effect relationship of working in polyurethane foam (PF) manufacturing factories with exposure to toluene diisocyanate (TDI) and its effects on the respiratory system. This paper describes the results of the first cross-sectional observations. The study population included 90 male workers who had been working in PF factories for 0.5–25 years (mean 13.3 years) (PF workers) and 44 reference workers in the same factories. The mean exposure concentration of TDI calculated from 129 personal samples was 3.2 ppb. Peak exposure excursions above 20 ppb occurred in 16 of 129 samples. Pulmonary function and its change during the working day as assessed by examining the forced expiratory flow-volume curve, respiratory impedance, and airway resistance and specific airway conductance were not different in the PF workers from those in the reference workers. Chest X-radiographs did not show any noteworthy radiological changes. Prevalences of “phlegm in winter,” “nasal stuffiness or discharge in winter,” and “irritation of eye and throat mucous membranes” were significantly higher in the PF workers. The findings indicate that TDI exposure at levels around 3 ppb may not adversely affect the pulmonary function over many years of exposure of those who are not hypersensitive to TDI. The causal chemicals inducing some respiratory and irritative symptoms could not be specifically identified since the PF workers were exposed not only to TDI but also to other irritative agents in the PF manufacturing processes.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00386346
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
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