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  • 1
    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] Variations in the amount of solar radiation reaching the Earth are thought to influence climate, but the extent of this influence on timescales of millennia to decades is unclear. A number of climate records show correlations between solar cycles and climate, but the absolute changes in solar ...
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    ISSN: 0942-0940
    Keywords: Keywords: Spine fractures; lamina fracture; dural tear; root entrapment; neurological deficit
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Objective: To determine the neurological outcome in patients with laminar fractures associated with dural tears and nerve root entrapment, operated upon for thoracic and lumbar spine injuries. Patient population: Out of 103 patients operated upon consecutively for thoracic and lumbar spine injuries during the period 1990 to 1994 inclusive, 24 (23.3%) patients had laminar fractures out of whom 3 (2.9%) had an associated dural tear and an other 17 (16.5% or 70.8% of the total patients with laminar fractures) had an associated dural tear and nerve root entrapment. Results: Twelve (70.5%) patients had injury at the thoraculumbar junction, 13 (76.5%) had Magerl's type A3 or above, 10 (58.8) had a kyphotic angle deformity greater than 5°. Seven (41.1%) had their spinal canal's sagittal diameter reduced by at least 50% and two had dislocations. Nine (52.9%) had initial neurological deficits. Four (50%) out of 8 patients with no initial neurological deficits (Frankel E) worsened to Frankel D. However, one patient among the 3 with initial Frankel A improved to Frankel C while both patients with initial Frankel C usefully improved to final Frankel grades D and E respectively. Two of the four patients with initial Frankel D improved to Frankel E, the other 2 remaining unchanged. All in all five patients' neurological status improved, 4 worsened and 8 remained unchanged after neurosurgical treatment. Conclusions: Vertical laminar fractures with dural tears and nerve root entrapment represent a special group of thoracic and lumbar spine injuries that carry a poor prognosis. However, special operative precautions lead to significant improvement in some of them although a majority remain unchanged or even worsened.
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Langenbeck's archives of surgery 372 (1987), S. 583-586 
    ISSN: 1435-2451
    Keywords: Gastric cancer ; Resection ; Gastrectomy ; Magencarcinom ; Resektion ; Gastrektomie
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung In der jahrzehntealten Kontroverse um das Resektionsausmass bei Magencarcinom nähern sich in neuerer Zeit die Standpunkte der „Konservativen” und der „Radikalen” etwas. Dies, obwohl Daten kontrollierter Studien noch ausstehen. Eine vorsichtige Erweiterung der Indikation zur Gastrektomie ist deshalb gegeben, weil diese in den vergangenen Jahren allgemein sicherer geworden ist. Beim Antrumcarcinom des intestinalen Typs ohne offensichtlichen Befall tumorferner Lymphknoten und bei gesundem Absetzungsrand am Magen, bei gewissen fortgeschrittenen Tumorstadien und bei ausgesprochenen, vor allem kardiopulmonalen Risikopatienten hat die subtotale Resektion weiterhin ihren Platz.
    Notes: Summary The controversy about the extent of resection of gastric cancer has been lasting for decennies. The extreme viewpoints may have become less divergent recently although controlled data are still lacking. As gastrectomy has generally become safer, a somewhat broader indication for it is justified. Subtotal resection is still justified for cancer of the antrum of the intestinal type (Laurén-classification) without evidently involved distant nodes and as long as a clear margin can be expected, furthermore in some advanced disease situations and finally in high risk patients, especially with severe cardiopulmonary handicaps.
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Basic research in cardiology 63 (1970), S. 266-287 
    ISSN: 1435-1803
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Summary The Aortico-left ventricular tunnel is a rare, well characterized deformity that may be appraised as an independent, functionally signifikant heart defect that is surgically corrigible. So far 13 detections were imparted. The clinical and anatomical findings of two further observations are described. Observation 1 concerns a boy of 14 months, observation 2 a boy of 6 1/2 months. Morphologically, the deformity comes up to a ventricular tunnel bypassing the aortic valves and directly connecting the outflow way of the left ventricle with the Aorta ascendens. The circulating effects correspond to an aorta insufficiency. The Angiocardiography and the pressure tests allow a safe diagnosis. The functional effects can be removed by surgical trapping. Prognosis for patients thus operated is good. Pathogenetically, there is most likely a threefold partitioning of the Truncus arteriosus at the root of this deformity. Combinations with other heart defects are rare.
    Notes: Zusammenfassung Der “Linke Kammer-Aorten-Nebenkanal” ist eine seltene, gut charakterisierte Fehlbildung, die als selbständiger, funktionell bedeutsamer und operativ korrigierbarer Herzfehler gewertet werden kann. Bis heute sind 13 Beobachtungen mitgeteilt worden. Die klinischen und anatomischen Befunde zweier weiterer Beobachtungen werden dargestellt. Beobachtung 1 betrifft einen Knaben von 14 Monaten, Beobachtung 2 einen Knaben von 6 1/2 Monaten. Morphologisch entspricht die Fehlbildung einem Nebenkanal, welcher die Aortenklappen umgeht und die Ausflußbahn der linken Herzkammer direkt mit der Aorta ascendens verbindet. Die circulatorischen Auswirkungen entsprechen einer Aorteninsuffizienz. Die Angiokardiographie und die Druckwertbestimmungen gestatten die sichere Diagnose. Die funktionellen Auswirkungen können durch operativen Verschluß behoben werden. Die Prognose der behandelten Patienten ist gut. Pathogenetisch liegt der Fehlbildung am ehesten eine 3-fache Unterteilung des Truncus arteriosus zugrunde. Kombinationen mit weiteren Herzfehlern sind selten.
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Langenbeck's archives of surgery 358 (1982), S. 79-83 
    ISSN: 1435-2451
    Keywords: Gastric carcinoma ; Gastric replacement ; Toral gastrectomy ; Magencarcinom ; Magenersatzplastiken ; totale Gastrektomie
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung Jedes Magen-Carcinom, welches das Stadium pT2pN0pM0 überschritten hat, muß als fortgeschrittenes Carcinom eingestuft werden. Die kurative Resektion erfordert das Einhalten von Sicherheitsabständen, aboral, am Duodenum, 3 cm, oral 5 cm beim intestinalen und 10 cm beim diffusen Typ. Die Milz sollte aus lokalen und allgemeinimmunologischen Gründen erhalten bleiben, wenn der Hilus nicht befallen ist. Eine sorgfältige Ausräumung der Lymphknoten ist anzustreben, wenn immer möglich sind aber die oesophagealen Äste der A. gastrica sinistra zu erhalten. 80 Jahre nach der ersten erfolgreichen Gastrektomie gibt es noch keine multizentrische prospektive Studie, welche eine schlüssige Aussage über die verschiedenen Operationsverfahren erlaubt. Das Resektionsverfahren hat 4 Bedingungen zu erfüllen: optimale Lebensqualität, kurze Hospitalisation, Einfachheit in der Durchführung und niedrige Komplikationsrate. Uns hat sich als Routineverfahren die Roux-Y-Anastomose (End-zu-Seit) mit einem kurzen Blindsack und einer ableitenden Schlinge von mindestens 35 cm Länge bewährt. Die Interposition nach Seo-Longmire-Gütgemann ist anspruchsvoller und den Patienten mit einer guten Prognose vorbehalten. Interesse verdienen auch die Jejunoplicatio nach Siewert und Peiper, der „Tübinger Ersatzmagen” und die pouch nach Hunt-Lawrence. Doch sind unsere eigenen entsprechenden Erfahrungen zu gering. Unsere letzte Konsekutivserie von 45 totalen Gastrektomien ergab eine postoperative Letalität von 3 Patienten bzw. 6,6%.
    Notes: Summary Anything beyond pT2pN0pM0 has to be considered as an advanced tumor stage. Curative resections have to respect a safety margin of 3 cm in the duodenum and orally one of 5 cm in carcinoma of the intestinal type and 10 cm in the diffuse type of carcinoma. The spleen should be preserved whenever its hilus is not involved. A careful dissection of possibly involved lymphnodes is advisable, respecting if at all possible, the esophageal branches of the left gastric artery. 80 years after the first successful total gastrectomy there still are no prospective studies concerning the most adequate reconstruction procedure available. The reconstruction should meet four basic principles: short hospitalization, best possible quality of postoperative life, simplest procedure compatible with safety of operation and low complication rate. In our hands the Roux-Y-anastomosis (end-to-side) with a very short blind stump and a drainage loop of at least 35 cm of length meets these requirements best. Interposition according to Seo-Longmire-Gütgemann means more of an operation and should be reserved to cases with a good prognosis. Of interest appear the jejunoplication according to Siewert and Peiper, the interpositioning according to the „Tübingen gastric pouch” and the pouch according to Hunt-Lawrence. We have, however, only limited experience with these three procedures. Our recent consecutive series of 45 total gastrectomies had a hospital lethality of 3 which corresponds to 6.6%.
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Der Chirurg 71 (2000), S. 458-461 
    ISSN: 1433-0385
    Keywords: Keywords: Bochdalek hernia – Diaphragmatic hernia – Laparoscopic surgery. ; Schlüsselwörter: Bochdalek-Hernie – Zwerchfellhernie – laparoskopische Chirurgie.
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung. Am Beispiel einer 27 jährigen Patientin wird die laparoskopische Versorgung einer Bochdalek-Hernie gezeigt und Entstehung, Diagnostik, therapeutische Möglichkeiten sowie die aktuelle Literatur diskutiert.
    Notes: Abstract. We report the case of a 27-year-old female patient with a symptomatic Bochdalek hernia operated on laparoscopically. We discuss the diagnostic strategy and options in therapy.
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  • 7
    ISSN: 1435-2451
    Keywords: Internal fixation ; Distal bicondylar humerus fractures ; ASIF principles ; Late results ; Osteosynthese bikondylärer distaler Humerusfrakturen ; Prinzipien ; Spätergeb-nisse
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung Die funktionellen Spätergebnisse von 34 nach M. E. Muller klassifizierten und nach den Prinzipien der AO behandelten bikondylaren Frakturen des distalen Humerus werden berichtet. Die Beurteilung der Spätresultate umfaßte das subjective Ergebnis, die Gelenkfunktion und das Röntgenbild. Bei einer durchschnittlichen Verlaufsdauer von 5,8 Jahren (2–12 J.) wiesen 13 (38,2%) Patienten ein sehr gutes, 14 (41,2%) ein gutes, 4 (11,8%) ein mäßiges and 3 (8,8%) ein schlechtes Resultat auf. Als Komplikationen waren 5 Nervenschädigungen, 2 Pseudarthrosen and eine Spontanankylose zu verzeichnen. 3 Voraussetzungen sind fur ein gutes Resultat nötig: 1) anatomische Reposition, 2) übungsstabile Fixation and 3) Frühmobilisation.
    Notes: Summary The late functional results of 34 cases of distal bicondylar humerus fractures, as classified by Müller and managed according to ASIF (Association for the Study of Internal Fixation) principles, presented. The evaluation of the results included a subjective assessment of outcome, measurement of joint range of movement, and X-ray findings. After a mean follow-up period of 5.8 years (range 2–12 years), 13 patients (38.2%) had very good results and good results were obtained in 14 (41.20, average results in 4 (11.8%), and poor results in 3 (8.8%). Postoperative complications included nerve damage in 5, pseudarthrosis in 2, and 1 case of spontaneous ankylosis. Three conditions need to be met for optimal results: (1) precise anatomical reduction; (2) stable fixation of joint movement; (3) early mobilization.
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