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  • 1
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    HOLOCENE EARTHQUAKE RECORDS FROM THE CASCADIA SUBDUCTION ZONE AND NORTHERN SAN ANDREAS FAULT BASED ON PRECISE DATING OF OFFSHORE TURBIDITES (2003)
    Palo Alto, Calif. : Annual Reviews
    Annual Review of Earth and Planetary Sciences 31 (2003), S. 555-577 
    Details
    ISSN: 0084-6597
    Quelle: Annual Reviews Electronic Back Volume Collection 1932-2001ff
    Thema: Geologie und Paläontologie , Physik
    Notizen: Abstract We present preliminary evidence for a ~10,000-year earthquake record from two major fault systems based on sediment cores collected along the continental margins of western North America. New stratigraphic evidence from Cascadia demonstrates that 13 earthquakes ruptured the entire margin from Vancouver Island to at least the California border since the eruption of the Mazama ash 7700 years ago. The 13 events above this prominent stratigraphic marker have an average repeat time of 600 years, and the youngest event ~300 years ago coincides with the coastal record. We also extend the record of past earthquakes to the base of the Holocene (at least 9800 years ago), during which 18 events correlate along the same region. The sequence of Holocene events in Cascadia appears to contain a repeating pattern of events, a tantalizing first look at what may be the long-term behavior of a major fault system. The northern California margin cores show a cyclic record of turbidite beds that may represent Holocene earthquakes on the northern segment of the San Andreas Fault. Preliminary results are in reasonably good agreement with onshore paleoseismic data that indicate an age for the penultimate event in the mid-1600s at several sites and the most likely age for the third event of ~AD 1300.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1146/annurev.earth.31.100901.141246
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  • 2
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Life and times of the Bering land bridge (1996)
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature 382 (1996), S. 60-63 
    Details
    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Quelle: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
    Notizen: [Auszug] The reconstruction of full-glacial vegetation of Beringia has been controversial2"5. The hypothesis of a productive grassland was based on fossils of large grazers in full-glacial sediments. High percentages of Artemisia in Beringian pollen spectra were interpreted as being attributable to a steppe ...
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/382060a0
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  • 3
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    The Astoria Fan: An elongate type fan (1984)
    Springer
    Geo-marine letters 3 (1984), S. 65-70 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1157
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Geologie und Paläontologie
    Notizen: Abstract The Astoria Fan, a modern system, is located on a subducting oceanic crust and fills a north-south-trending trench along the Oregon continental margin. Well-developed channels cross the entire fan length; they display classic inner-fan leveed profiles but evolve into distributaries in the midfan area where the gradient decreases sharply. During periods of low sea level, inner- and middle-fan channels funnel sand to distal depositional sites in the outer-fan area where the sand/shale ratios are highest. This pattern of sand displacement and efficiency of transport appears to be characteristic of elongate fans fed by a major river and submarine canyon.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02462449
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  • 4
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Morphology and downslope sediment displacement in a deep-sea valley, the Valencia Valley (Northwestern Mediterranean) (1985)
    Springer
    Geo-marine letters 5 (1985), S. 149-156 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1157
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Geologie und Paläontologie
    Notizen: Abstract The Valencia Valley is a Quaternary, 200 km long deep-sea valley in the Valencia Trough, Western Mediterranean Sea. A swathmapping survey approximately mid-way along the valley length, where the floor has an average gradient of 1:250 (0.2°), shows valley walls that rise 200 to 350 m above the valley floor, with slopes of 2 to 18°. Sediment forming the walls is undergoing retrogressive, upslope-directed slumping with increasing bedding disruption along steeper walls. The valley exhibits a winding course with steep outer and gentler inner walls around bends, and bedforms on the valley floor. Lateral migration around bends is less than 5 km and the valley is deeply entrenched into Quaternary-bedded sediments.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02281632
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  • 5
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Sedimentary, tectonic, and sea-level controls on submarine fan and slope-apron turbidite systems (1984)
    Springer
    Geo-marine letters 3 (1984), S. 57-64 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1157
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Geologie und Paläontologie
    Notizen: Abstract To help understand factors that influence submarine fan deposition, we outline some of the principal sedimentary, tectonic, and sea-level controls involved in deep-water sedimentation, give some data on the rates at which they operate, and evaluate their probable effects. Three depositional end-member systems, two submarine fan types (elongate and radial), and a third nonfan, slope-apron system result primarily from variations in sediment type and supply. Tectonic setting and local and global sea-level changes further modify the nature of fan growth, the distribution of facies, and the resulting vertical stratigraphic sequences.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02462448
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  • 6
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    The Ebro Deep-Sea Fan system (1984)
    Springer
    Geo-marine letters 3 (1984), S. 125-131 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1157
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Geologie und Paläontologie
    Notizen: Abstract The Ebro Fan System consists of en echelon channel-levee complexes, 50×20 km in area and 200-m thick. A few strong reflectors in a generally transparent seismic facies identify the sand-rich channel floors and levee crests. Numerous continuous acoustic reflectors characterize overbank turbidites and hemipelagites that blanket abandoned channel-levee complexes. The interlobe areas between channel complexes fill with homogeneous mud and sand from mass flow and overbank deposition; these exhibit a transparent seismic character. The steep continental rise and sediment “drainage” of Valencia Trough at the end of the channel-levee complexes prevent the development of distributary channels and midfan lobe deposits.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02462457
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  • 7
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Morphology of the Ebro fan valleys from SeaMARC and sea beam profiles (1985)
    Springer
    Geo-marine letters 5 (1985), S. 141-148 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1157
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Geologie und Paläontologie
    Notizen: Abstract The northern continental slope off the Ebro Delta has a badland topography indicating major slope erosion and mass movement of material that deposits sediment into a ponded lobe. The southern slope has a low degree of mass movement activity and slope valleys feed channel levee-complexes on a steep continental rise. The last active fan valley is V-shaped with little meandering and its thalweg merges downstream with the Valencia Valley. The older and larger inactive channel-levee complex is smoother, U-shaped, and meanders more than the active fan valley.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02281631
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  • 8
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Physiography and deposition on a distal deep-sea system: The Valencia Fan (Northwestern Mediterranean) (1985)
    Springer
    Geo-marine letters 5 (1985), S. 157-164 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1157
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Geologie und Paläontologie
    Notizen: Abstract The Valencia Fan developed as the distal fill of a deep-sea valley, detached from the continental slope and the main sedimentary source. A survey of side-scan sonar, Sea Beam and reflection seismics shows that the sediment is largely fed through the Valencia Valley. The upper fan comprises large channels with low-relief levees, and the middle fan has sinuous distributary channels. Depositional bedforms predominate on the valley floor and levees, and erosional bedforms are common in the valley walls. A change to slope on the fan apex and the presence of volcanoes on the upper fan are the main factors influencing fan-growth pattern.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02281633
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