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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Prenatal allergen contact with milk proteins (1997)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Clinical & experimental allergy 27 (1997), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2222
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Background Cellular proliferation to various allergens (Dermatophagoides pleronyssinus, β-lactoglobulin, bovine serum albumin, ovalbumin) has been found in cord blood cells. Whether this reflects a sensitization during foetal life is uncertain.Objective We studied the cellular reactivity and cytokine production of cord blood cells in response to cow's milk proteins in a randomely selected group of newborns. The delineation of possible in utero allergen contact was attempted.Objective Cord blood mononuclear cells from 39 neonates were incubated with cow's milk proteins (α-lactalbumin, β-lactoglobulin, casein, α-casein, β-casein, k-casein, bovine serum albumin) for 7 days, and proliferation was assessed by incorporation of [3H]thymidine. Cord blood cell-derived interferon-γ (IFNγ) and interleukin-4 (IL-4) secretion was evaluated in response to allergen or phytohaemagglutinin (PHA) stimulation.Results A pronounced proliferation of cells stimulated with α-lactalbumin (ALA; mean stimulation index 8.0, 95% confidence interval 5.2–10.8), β-lactoglobulin (BLG; mean stimulation index 5.9, 95% confidence interval 3.2–8.6) and α-casein (2.6, 95% confidence interval 2.9–9.1), as opposed to unstimulated cells in medium, was found. No correlation was found between cellular proliferation to milk proteins and parental atopy, maternal total IgE or cord blood IgE. IFNγ production (but not IL-4) was inducible by PHA (range 429–1810 pg/ml), but only in one individual upon stimulation with BLG. Preferentially, reduced IFNγ levels were found in individuals with positive parental allergic history.Conclusion The recognition of allergen by cord blood cells indicates that allergen priming must occur prenatally. The relevance for subsequent sensitization is unclear.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2222.1997.tb00669.x
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Maternally delivered nutritive allergens in cord blood and in placental tissue of term and preterm neonates (2004)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Science Ltd
    Clinical & experimental allergy 34 (2004), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2222
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Background The proliferation of cord blood mononulear cells in response to nutritive and inhalant allergens implies intrauterine exposure with resulting T cell priming. However, the mechanisms triggering these fetal allergen-specific immune responses are incompletely understood.Methods We studied the placental release of endogenous β-lactoglobulin (BLG) and ovalbumin (OVA) by the use of an open ex vivo placental perfusion model. Preterm and term placentas were obtained immediately after delivery to recover functionally active fetal and maternal circulations. Fetal and maternal perfusate samples were collected throughout the perfusion experiments with medium. Matched cord blood samples were collected separately. All samples were tested for the presence of OVA and BLG by allergen-specific ELISAs.Results In 16 out of 19 placentas, the nutritive allergens could be detected both in fetal and maternal perfusate samples. Fetal wash out levels of the allergens BLG and OVA from the placental tissue of preterm and term deliveries were observed in traces and up to 44.4 and 2.6 ng/mL, respectively. In cord blood of preterm and term neonates, BLG and OVA could be detected at concentrations up to 16.7 and 5 ng/mL, respectively.Conclusion These findings provide direct evidence for the release of tiny amounts of nutritive allergens from placental tissue indicating diaplacental allergen transfer and fetal exposure to nutritive allergens in vivo.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2222.2004.01848.x
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Type I allergy to elderberry (Sambucus nigra) is elicited by a 33.2 kDa allergen with significant homology to ribosomal inactivating proteins (2003)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Science Ltd
    Clinical & experimental allergy 33 (2003), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2222
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Background Patients suffering from allergic rhinoconjunctivitis and dyspnoea during summer may exhibit these symptoms after contact with flowers or dietary products of the elderberry tree Sambucus nigra.Objective Patients with a history of summer hayfever were tested in a routine setting for sensitization to elderberry. Nine patients having allergic symptoms due to elderberry and specific sensitization were investigated in detail. We studied the responsible allergens in extracts from elderberry pollen, flowers and berries, and investigated cross-reactivity with allergens from birch, grass and mugwort.Methods Sera from patients were tested for IgE reactivity to elderberry proteins by one-dimensional (1D) and 2D electrophoresis/immunoblotting. Inhibition studies with defined allergens and elderberry-specific antibodies were used to evaluate cross-reactivity. The main elderberry allergen was purified by gel filtration and reversed-phase HPLC, and subjected to mass spectrometry. The in-gel-digested allergen was analysed by the MS/MS sequence analysis and peptide mapping. The N-terminal sequence of the predominant allergen was analysed.Results 0.6% of 3668 randomly tested patients showed positive skin prick test and/or RAST to elderberry. IgE in patients' sera detected a predominant allergen of 33.2 kDa in extracts from elderberry pollen, flowers and berries, with an isoelectric point at pH 7.0. Pre-incubation of sera with extracts from birch, mugwort or grass pollen rendered insignificant or no inhibition of IgE binding to blotted elderberry proteins. Specific mouse antisera reacted exclusively with proteins from elderberry. N-terminal sequence analysis, as well as MS/MS spectrometry of the purified elderberry allergen, indicated homology with ribosomal inactivating proteins (RIPs).Conclusion We present evidence that the elderberry plant S. nigra harbours allergenic potency. Independent methodologies argue for a significant homology of the predominant 33.2 kDa elderberry allergen with homology to RIPs. We conclude that this protein is a candidate for a major elderberry allergen with designation Sam n 1.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2222.2003.01811.x
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Cow's milk-specific cellular and humoral immune responses and atopy skin symptoms in infants from atopic families fed a partially (pHF) or extensively (eHF) hydrolyzed infant formula (2001)
    Copenhagen : Munksgaard International Publishers
    Allergy 56 (2001), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1398-9995
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Background: Hydrolyzed milk formulas are recommended to feed infants at high risk of atopy if breast-feeding is not possible. We studied the specific cellular and humoral immune response to cow's milk proteins and occurrence of atopic dermatitis under different feeding regimens: two hydrolyzed infant milk formulas (partially [pHF] and extensively hydrolyzed [eHF]) and under exclusive breast-feeding (BF). Methods: Seventy-two infants from families with atopic symptoms were randomized in the pHF and eHF groups, respectively. At 6 and 12 months of age, peripheral blood mononuclear cell proliferation along with specific IgG and IgE to cow's milk proteins was determined in infants fed pHF or eHF, respectively, and those who had not yet received any formula at 6 months of age (BF). Cases of atopic dermatitis were recorded throughout the first 12 months of life, and their severity was evaluated with SCORAD points. Results: A significantly decreased proliferation to cow's milk caseins was found in the pHF group compared to the exclusively breast-fed group. Medians of stimulation indexes for CAS at 6 months were as follows: pHF 1.18; n=24; BF 1.70; n=24 (P=0.033, Mann-Whitney U-test). Higher levels of plasma IgG antibodies to BCAS were found in infants fed pHF than in those fed eHF at 12 months. Optical density (OD): (25th percentile; median; 75th percentile): pHF: 0.00; 0.14; 0.38; n=30; eHF: 0.00; 0.03; 0.14; n=28; P=0,089, Mann-Whitney U-test. Cow's milk-specific IgE was detected at 6 months as follows: BF: 3 of 24; eHF: 2 of 21; pHF: 0 of 23. The number of cases of atopic dermatitis and their severity did not differ among the groups during the first 12 months. Conclusions: Feeding pHF appears to suppress cow's milk-specific cellular responses and stimulate specific IgG production. Specific IgE sensitization can occur also with breast-feeding.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1398-9995.2001x.00926.x
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    IgE-mediated allergic reaction to hyaluronidase in paediatric oncological patients (1997)
    Springer
    European journal of pediatrics 156 (1997), S. 199-203 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1076
    Keywords: Key words Hyaluronidase ; Allergy IgE-antibodies ; Brain tumour
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Hyaluronidase has been gaining increasing interest as a spreading factor for better penetration of chemotherapeutics into CNS tumours. Five out of 16 patients with CNS tumours treated with hyaluronidase in addition to chemotherapeutic agents developed symptoms of immediate type allergic reactions, therefore we sought to characterize the harmful allergenic proteins of the bovine testes hyaluronidase enzyme preparation (Neopermease). The role of specific IgE for the allergic reaction was investigated. Using an immunoblotting technique, we investigated sera from 16 children treated with Neopermease (5 of them having developed anaphylactic reactions), 5 patients with atopy (atopic eczema) with high total IgE levels and 4 healthy children. SDS-PAGE of hyaluronidase preparation Neopermease revealed two major bands at 73 and 41–43 kDa. In all 5 sera from patients with adverse reactions, binding of specific IgE antibodies to the 73 and 41–43 kDa bands was found. Two patients reacted with the 73 kDa band exclusively, two patients reacted with both bands, one patient displayed IgE only to the 41–43 kDa band. A specific inhibition of IgE-binding to both bands was achieved after preincubation of the sera in four out of five patients with partially purified bovine hyaluronidase. Furthermore preincubation with gelatin, a stabilising agent in the commercial extract, led to a partial inhibition in the sera of three patients. No specific IgE binding was detected either in the sera of atopic patients, or in the control group. Conclusion IgE mediated allergic reactions to hyaluronidase may occur in paediatric oncological patients treated with hyaluronidase. Whether these children are sensitized by intravenous hyaluronidase treatment or by cross-reactivity of other preformed IgE antibodies, yet to be specified, remains to be elucidated.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s004310050582
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