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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Foil deposition alpha collector probe for TFTR's D-T phase : Proceedings of the tenth topical conference on high temperature plasma diagnostics (1995)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Review of Scientific Instruments 66 (1995), S. 351-353 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7623
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology
    Notes: A new foil deposition alpha collector sample probe has been developed for TFTR's D-T phase. D-T fusion produced alpha particles escaping from the plasma are implanted in nickel foils located in a series of collimating ports on the detector. The nickel foils are removed from the tokamak after exposure to one or more plasma discharges and analyzed for helium content. This detector is intended to provide improved alpha particle energy resolution and pitch angle coverage over existing lost alpha detectors, and to provide an absolutely calibrated cross-check with these detectors. The ability to resolve between separate energy components of alpha particle loss is estimated to be ∼20%. A full 360° of pitch angle coverage is provided for by eight channels having an acceptance range of ∼53° per channel. These detectors will be useful in characterizing classical and anomalous alpha losses and any collective alpha instabilities that may be excited during the D-T campaign of TFTR. © 1995 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1146539
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Profiles of skill gain in delayed infants and young children (1983)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Child 9 (1983), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2214
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine , Psychology
    Notes: Summary Thirty-eight developmentally delayed preschool children were entered into a study to assess their developmental progress on skills checklists during a 3-month period. All children were receiving the South Glamorgan Home Advisory Service. Weekly tasks were set in a balanced manner. Children were assessed on twelve developmental checklists both prior to and following the study period. Results showed that in general children made greater progress in inspection/tracking and perceptual problem-solving skills than in motor, self-help and visuomotor areas. Separate analyses for Down's children and for children of different developmental levels indicated slightly altered developmental profiles. Results are discussed in terms of implications for early intervention programmes.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2214.1983.tb00310.x
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Baseline fetal heart rates from 15 to 38 weeks gestation in normotensive and hypertensive pregnancies (1985)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    BJOG 92 (1985), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1471-0528
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary. To determine whether the fetal heart behaves differently in normotensive and hypertensive pregnancies, the changes in baseline fetal heart rate were investigated prospectively from 15 to 38 weeks gestation in 16 women who were normotensive at the time of booking in the antenatal clinic. Fetal heart rate recordings were made ultrasonically, and were computer-processed by the programs TELEPLOT and BASELINE. Those women who remained normotensive exhibited a decrease of fetal heart rate with advancing gestational age, but this did not occur in the six women who eventually developed hypertension.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1471-0528.1985.tb01049.x
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Ritodrine in the management of fetal distress (1982)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    BJOG 89 (1982), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1471-0528
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary. The potential value of a bolus injection of ritodrine in the management of fetal distress was examined in 24 patients. Following the injection of ritodrine, uterine activity measured over a period of 14·7±6·3 (SD) min was reduced to 22 (±12·4 SD)% of the pre-existing values. The cardiotocographic tracings showed a reversion to a normal or less ominous pattern in 14 of the 16 patients where this could be evaluated. The infants in the ritodrine group took less time to establish regular respirations. The perinatal neurobehaviour in the ritodrine and control groups did not differ. Two mothers who were given ritodrine and who received atropine premedication developed tachycardia and marked systolic hypertension. The administration of a bolus of ritodrine may have a place in the management of fetal distress when caesarean section is unavoidably delayed, but atropine premedication must be avoided as the combination can lead to potentially serious cardiovascular complications.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1471-0528.1982.tb05098.x
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A comparison of the plaque-inhibitory properties of stannous fluoride and low-concentration chlorhexidine mouthrinses (2002)
    Oxford, UK : Munksgaard International Publishers
    Journal of clinical periodontology 29 (2002), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1600-051X
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Background: Plaque inhibition by chlorhexidine (CHX) rinses is dose related with a relatively flat dose–response curve above 5–6 mg twice daily. Low dose regimens could therefore reduce local side effects but maintain reasonable efficacy.Aims:  To compare the plaque inhibitory properties of two low-dose CHX rinse products with more conventional levels delivered from proprietary rinses. A secondary outcome was a comparison with a stannous fluoride/amine fluoride (SFAF) rinse product.Methods:  The study was a five-treatments, negative controlled, randomised, single blind crossover design balanced for residual effects, involving 20 healthy subjects in a 24-h plaque re-growth model. On day 1 of each study period, subjects were rendered plaque free, suspended tooth cleaning and followed the appropriate rinse regimen. On day 2, subjects were scored for plaque by index and area. The rinse codes and rinsing regimens were: (A) 15 mg CHX 2 × daily for 30 s (0.1% CHX), (B) 9 mg CHX 2 × daily for 60 s (0.06% CHX), (C) 10 ml SFAF rinse 1 × daily for 30 s, (D) 15 ml placebo 2 × daily for 60 s, and (E) 6 mg CHX 2 × daily for 30 s (0.06% CHX).Results:  Average mouth plaque indices and areas were highly significantly different between rinsing regimens. All test rinses were significantly more effective than the placebo rinse. There was a mean dose–response pattern for the CHX rinses, but there were no statistically significant differences between any of the test rinses.Conclusions:  Lower doses of chlorhexidine in rinses can be used to exert plaque inhibition comparable with products used at higher doses and equivalent to benchmark products such as the SFAF rinse. However, the availability of chlorhexidine from formulations has to be considered as in part explaining the results.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1034/j.1600-051X.2002.291204.x
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A split-mouth placebo-controlled study to determine the effect of amorphous calcium phosphate in the treatment of dentine hypersensitivity (1998)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Journal of clinical periodontology 25 (1998), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1600-051X
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract. Many treatments for dentine hypersensitivity are formulated to directly or indirectly occlude the open dentinal tubules associated with the condition. Combining solutions of calcium chloride and potassium phosphate can result in the precipitation of amorphous calcium phosphate. Such a system applied to exposed dentine could occlude dentinal tubules and reduce sensitivity. The aims of this study using a placebo control were to assess the therapeutic value of amorphous calcium phosphate in dentine hypersensitivity and provide further information on the apparently natural improvement in the condition frequently observed in clinical trials. 38 subjects with dentine hypersensitivity affecting 1 tooth in each left and right sides of the jaws were recruited into this split mouth, randomised, double-blind study. At baseline, sensitivity was scored by the subjects on a 0–10 visual apologue scale after tactile, cool and cold water and evaporative stimulation of the test teeth. Active and control, water, solutions were then applied by a 2nd clinician. After 24 h, subjects returned for rescoring. On days 7 and 14, subjects were again rescored and the treatments reapplied. Further follow-up appointments for rescoring were on days 21, 28, 56 and 84. Plaque scores also were recorded from test teeth at each visit. Overall sensitivity decreased considerably and to a similar degree in test and control teeth with no consistent significant treatment difference. Plaque scores also decreased through the study period. It is concluded that either the amorphous calcium phosphate was without therapeutic effect or the activity was masked by the placebo response in the control teeth.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1600-051X.1998.tb02506.x
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The comparative effect of acidified sodium chlorite and chlorhexidine mouthrinses on plaque regrowth and salivary bacterial counts (1997)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Journal of clinical periodontology 24 (1997), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1600-051X
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Acidified sodium chlorite (ASCI is recognised as a highly potent, broad spectrum antimicrobial system that has been successfully developed for uses in veterinary, food processing and medical device fields. The current studies aimed to investigate the persistence of antimicrobial action and plaque inhibitory properties of 3 ASC mouthrinses by comparison with positive control, chlorhexidine 0.12%, and placebo control, water, rinses. Both studies were randomised, double-blind, cross-over 5-cell designs balanced for carryover. The 1st study involved 15 healthy subjects who immediately before and at 30, 60, 180, 300 and 420 min after rinsing provided 2 ml saliva samples. The samples were immediately processed for total anaerobic bacterial counts recorded after 96 h incubation. Washout periods were a minimum of 3 days. The second study involved 20 healthy subjects who on day 1 of each study were rendered plaque free, suspended normal oral hygiene methods and commenced rinsing twice daily with the allocated rinse. On day 5, plaque was scored by index and area after disclosing with erythrosin. Washout periods were 2 1/2 days. The 3 ASC and chlorhexidine rinses produced similar reductions in salivary bacterial counts which remained significantly below the placebo control to 7 h. There were no significant differences between ASC and chlorhexidine rinses except at 30 and 60 min when significantly greater reductions were produced by 2 ASC rinses compared to the chlorhexidine rinse. Plaque indices and areas were considerably and significantly lower with the ASC and chlorhexidine rinses compared to the placebo rinse. There were no significant differences between plaque scores for the 3 ASC rinses and the chlorhexidine rinse, although for 2 ASC rinses plaque scores were lower than for the chlorhexidine rinse. The results indicate that the 3 ASC rinses have equivalent plaque inhibitory action to chlorhexidine as a rinse. Similar to chlorhexidine. the plaque inhibitory action of the rinses appears to be derived from a persistence of antimicrobial action in the mouth.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1600-051X.1997.tb00236.x
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Adjunctive effects to non-surgical periodontal therapy of systemic metronidazole and amoxycillin alone and combined (2002)
    Copenhagen : Munksgaard International Publishers
    Journal of clinical periodontology 29 (2002), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1600-051X
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Background and aim: Several studies have reported adjunctive benefits to scaling and root planing (SRP) of systemic amoxycillin and metronidazole in the treatment of periodontal diseases. To date no comparisons have been made of these antimicrobials alone or in combination. The aim of this study was to compare the adjunctive benefits to SRP of amoxycillin and metronidazole alone and combined.Methods: 66 subjects 〈46 years of age with advanced chronic periodontal disease participated in this randomised, double blind, 4 parallel treatment group designed study. All subjects received quadrant SRP and then were prescribed amoxycillin capsules (250 mg) and metronidazole tablets (200 mg) (AM) or lactate capsules and metronidazole (PM) or amoxycillin and calcium lactate tablets (AP) or lactate and calcium lactate (PP). All medication was 3 of each per day for 7 days. Subgingival plaque samples were obtained and probing depth (PD), loss of attachment (LOA), bleeding on probing (BOP), suppuration (SUPP) and plaque (DEP) were recorded pre-treatment, 1, 3 and 6 months post-treatment.Results: Final group sizes were: AM=15, PM=16, AP=16 and PP=15. PD improved in all groups. Treatment effects were highly significantly different and always greatest in the AM and least in the PP groups. Benefits of PM and AP over PP were also noted. LOA improved in all groups and showed the same highly significant treatment differences, again favouring AM. BOP improved in all groups, particularly in AM compared to the other groups. SUPP improved in all groups and was virtually eradicated in AM with differences among treatments highly significant. DEP changed little in any group and there were no significant differences among groups. Microbiological data showed significant differences in favour of AM compared to PP and PM for total aerobes and anaerobes at 1 month. P. intermedia counts were always lower in active groups compared to PP and reached significance for AM and AP at 1 month and AM and PM at 3 months.Conclusion: The significant differences among treatment groups and the overall trend in the data, in line with other studies, support the considerable adjunctive benefits to SRP of amoxycillin and metronidazole combined in the treatment of advanced chronic periodontal disease.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1034/j.1600-051X.2002.290410.x
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The use of professional brushing to compare 3 toothbrushes for plaque removal from individuals with gingival recession (2000)
    Copenhagen : Munksgaard International Publishers
    Journal of clinical periodontology 27 (2000), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1600-051X
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Background: Toothbrush filament configuration now varies considerably, usually with the intention of improving plaque removal overall or from specific sites.Aims: The aim of the study was to compare 2 branded toothbrushes with a brush designed with a convex filament head arrangement to improve plaque removal from teeth with buccal gingival recession.Methods: The study was a randomised, 3-treatment, double-blind crossover design balanced for residual effects and involving 18 healthy volunteers. On day 1, subjects suspended toothcleaning and returned to the clinic on day 4. Plaque was scored by area and index before and after 2 min of toothbrushing with the allocated brush. Brushing was performed by a hygienist allocating a timed 15 s to each of the 8 buccal and lingual quadrants. 3 days was allowed between treatment periods.Results: Plaque accumulation differed considerably by site as did plaque removal. Overall plaque removal was 40%. Analysis showed significant subject differences but, no significant period or treatment differences.Conclusions: Consistent with other reports, it must be concluded that brush design is not a major variable in plaque removal. However using this “robot”-like model, the dentition of some individuals and specific dental surfaces are inherently more difficult to clean than others.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1034/j.1600-051x.2000.027010749.x
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Comparative effects of quaternary ammonium mouthrinses on 4-day plaque regrowth (2000)
    Copenhagen : Munksgaard International Publishers
    Journal of clinical periodontology 27 (2000), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1600-051X
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Background: Quaternary ammonium compounds constitute a large group of antibacterial chemicals with a potential for inhibiting plaque and gingivitis. One compound, benzalkonium chloride (BC), may be of value, although there is a dearth of evidence to support efficacy. The aim of this study was to measure the ability of 2 BC mouthrinses (0.05% and 0.1%) to inhibit de novo plaque reformation.Method: A 4-day plaque regrowth model. For comparative purposes, a commercial mouthrinse containing cetyl pyridinium chloride (CPC) and a positive control chlorhexidine (CX) mouthrinse were also evaluated.Results: Compared to water control, a reduction in plaque scores of 52% was noted for the CX mouthrinse, 22.5% for CPC and 5% and 6% for the 2 BC rinses. For plaque area, reductions of 84%, 47%, 16% and 15% were found for CX, CPC, and the 2 BC rinses, respectively. Significant reductions in plaque area compared to the water rinse were also seen with the 2 BC rinses (p〈0.05). However, for both plaque score and plaque area, the CX and CPC rinses significantly reduced plaque compared to the BC rinses (p〈0.0001).Conclusions: These findings would suggest that the 2 benzalkonium rinses would only have a limited value at inhibiting plaque formation.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1034/j.1600-051x.2000.027001037.x
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