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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Regulation of enterobacterial cephalosporinase production: the role of a membrane-bound sensory transducer (1989)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Molecular microbiology 3 (1989), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2958
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: In clinical isolates of Enterobacter cloacae, resistance to the newer β-lactam antibiotics often results from overproduction of a cephalosporinase encoded by the β-lactam-inducible ampC gene. Regulation of ampC is controlled by the divergently expressed activator gene, ampR, and a second unlinked locus. In this presentation we show that although Escherichia coli has IQst its ampR gene it has retained the second regulatory locus and that this comprises the bicistronic ampDE operon. Genetic and biochemical studies define the ampD gene as encoding a repressor for amp C transcription whereas the ampE gene product is a cytoplasmic membrane protein. Inactivation of the AmpD protein by mutation causes massive overproduction of cephalosporinase which, in E. cloacae, can terminate in therapeutic failure. In contrast, toss of AmpE results in a total block in induction, despite the presence of the activator, AmpR.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2958.1989.tb00262.x
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Prevention of Gram negative noscomial bronchopneumonia by intratracheal colistin in critically ill patients (1994)
    Springer
    Intensive care medicine 20 (1994), S. 187-192 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1238
    Keywords: Nosocomial bronchopneumonia ; Mechanical ventilation ; Intratracheal colistin
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Objective To evaluate the efficiency of intratracheal colistin in preventing nosocomial bronchopneumonia (BPN) in the critically ill. Design Study evaluating the clinical incidence of nosocomial BPN in 2 groups of critically ill patients who receive or did not receive intratracheal colistin. BPN was assessed clinically in survivors and histologically in nonsurvivors. Setting A 14-bed surgical intensive care unit. Patients 598 consecutive critically ill patients were studied during a prospective non-randomized study over a 40-month period. Interventions 251 patients — 31 non-survivors and 220 survivors — did not receive intratracheal colistin and 347 — 42 non-survivors and 305 survivors — received intratracheal colistin for a 2-week period (16000000 units per 24h). Measurements and results The incidence of nosocomial BPN was evaluated clinically in survivors, using repeated protected minibronchoalveolar lavages, and histologically in non-survivors via an immediate postmortem pneumonectomy (histologic and semi-quantitative bacteriologic analysis of one lung). The clinical incidence of nosocomial BPN was of 37% in coli (−) survivors and of 27% in coli (+) survivors (p〈0.01). This result was histologically confirmed in non-survivors, where the incidence of histologic BPN was of 61% in coli (−) patients and of 36% in coli (+) patients (p〈0.001). Emergence of BPN due to colistin-resistant micro-organisms was not observed. Because colistin was successful in preventing Gram-negative BPN and did not change the absolute number of Gram-positive BPN, the proportion of BPN caused bystaphylococcus species was higher in group coli (+) patients (33% vs 16%). Mortality was not significantly influenced by the administration of colistin. Conclusion This study suggests that the administration of intratracheal colistin during a 2-week period significantly reduces the incidence of Gram-negative BPN without creating an increasing number of BPN due to colistin-resistant micro-organism.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01704698
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Detection of extended broad-spectrum beta-lactamases inEnterobacteriaceae in four French hospitals (1989)
    Springer
    European journal of clinical microbiology & infectious diseases 8 (1989), S. 527-529 
    Details
    ISSN: 1435-4373
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract In 210 strains ofEnterobacteriaceae which were isolated in four hospitals and which showed reduced susceptibility to cefotaxime, high synergy was demonstrated between amoxicillin (20µg) + clavulanate (10µg) and cefotaxime (30µg) using a simple double-disk test. Isoelectric focusing on gel and specific iodometric detection using ceftriaxone identified four extended broad-spectrumβ-lactamases (isoelectric points 7.6, 6.3, 7.0 and 5.9) produced by the strains.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01967473
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Pulmonary abscess due to a rifampin and fluoroquinolone resistantRhodococcus equi strain in a HIV infected patient (1992)
    Springer
    European journal of clinical microbiology & infectious diseases 11 (1992), S. 557-558 
    Details
    ISSN: 1435-4373
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01960815
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