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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The Fibroblast Mitogenic Activity Released from Human Basophilic Cell Line KU812 is Separate from Tryptase and PDGF Expression (1996)
    Oxford, U.K. and Cambridge, USA : Blackwell Science Ltd
    Scandinavian journal of immunology 44 (1996), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-3083
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: The human leukaemia cell line KU812 has previously been used to study basophil differentiation. In this study the authors analysed the capacity of KU812 to produce the mast cell proteinase tryptase and to synthesize factor(s) mitogenic for fibroblasts. KU812 cells were treated with tetradecanoyl-phorbol-13-acetate (TPA), conditioned medium from the human T-cell line Mo (Mo-CM), or cultured under serum free conditions. After 4 days the cells were analysed for cell growth, differentiation, content of tryptase, and secretion of fibroblast mitogenic activity. Mo-CM and serum starvation increased the expression while TPA treatment down-regulated the expression of FcεRI-α chain. An increase in tryptase content in cell extracts was detected after 4 days of culture in serum-free medium or in the presence of Mo-CM. KU812 conditioned media was found to have a baseline expression of mitogenic activity on normal human foreskin fibroblasts that was increased after serum starvation or after treatment with TPA. Mast cell-derived tryptase has previously been reported to be mitogenic for fibroblasts, but in this study the expression of tryptase did not correlate with the expression of fibroblast mitogenic activity in KU812 cells. Furthermore, affinity-purified lung tryptase did not show any mitogenic activity. Platelet-derived growth factor was also excluded. Although the factor(s) from KU812 cells stimulating fibroblast proliferation have not been identified, our results indicate that basophils may be potential producers of growth factors inducing fibroblast proliferation.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-3083.1996.d01-311.x
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Presence of Activated Mobile Fibroblasts in Bronchial Alveolar Lavage from Mild Asthmatic Patients (2005)
    Oxford, UK; Malden, USA : Blackwell Science Inc
    Wound repair and regeneration 13 (2005), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1524-475X
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: The remodeling process in the lung of asthmatic patients results in a deposition of connective tissue and extracellular matrix components (ECM), which has been described as a subepithelial fibrosis. Fibroblasts, with the phenotypic appearance of myofibroblasts, are considered as the key source of the ECM in the fibrotic tissue. Furthermore, has the ECM molecule biglycan shown to correlate to the hyperactivity of the lung of asthmatic patients. In this study, we report the novel finding of a stretched fibroblast phenotype from bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) in 30% of the asthmatic subjects (n = 13). No fibroblasts were obtained in BALF from any of the nonasthmatic control subjects (n = 17). These BALF fibroblasts with several characteristics of a myofibroblast displayed increased migratory capacity, accompanied by an induced expression of the small GTPases RhoA and Rac1, when compared to myofibroblasts from corresponding lung biopsies. Data also shows that patients with BALF myofibroblast also have more cells in their lung tissue near to the basement membrane that stain for markers for mesechymal progenitor cells. Moreover, the BALF-myofibroblasts showed an increase in production of several types of proteoglycans like biglycan. By adding biglycan to normal fibrobalsts it is further possible to mimic the migratory type of myofibroblast found in BALF. To study differences in protein expression pattern between the two phenotypes, we used a gel-based proteomic technique in combination with MALDI-TOF mass spectrometry. BALF-myofibroblast displayed an increase in heat shock protein 20 (HSP20) and myofibroblasts from biopsies displayed an increase in chloride intracellular channel protein (CLIC) and cofilin. These proteins are all known to regulate cell migration by interacting with the actin cytoskeleton. In summery, data demonstrates that biglycan and mesenchymal progenitor cells might have an important role in the early -remodeling process in asthmatic patients and are potential future biomarkers for sub-epithelial fibrosis formation.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1067-1927.2005.130117ab.x
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Using the continuous-quality theory to predict microbial biomass and soil organic carbon following organic amendments (2005)
    Oxford, UK; Malden, USA : Blackwell Science Ltd
    European journal of soil science 56 (2005), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2389
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Geosciences , Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Soil microbial biomass and microbial quotient (the ratio of soil microbial biomass to soil organic carbon) are considered to be useful as rapidly responding indicators of perturbations of soil properties. In this paper we will use a well-tested model (the continuous-quality theory) to analyse these variables in a Swedish 35-year-old field experiment with a black fallow, crop with no N addition, crop with calcium nitrate addition, and six treatments with organic amendments: straw, green manure, peat, farmyard manure, sawdust and sewage sludge.The model predicts correctly that the amount of microbial biomass increases for all the treatments with organic amendments compared with the black fallow treatment. The microbial biomass quotient increases also for all the amended treatments, except peat and sewage sludge, and decreases for the other treatments. The microbial biomass and microbial quotient increase with both the amounts of organic matter added (crop residues and amendments) and the quality of the added matter. However, to fully explain the observations it is also necessary to have an increasing microbial mortality with substrate quality. Moreover, short-term observations can be misleading with respect to both the magnitude and direction of long-term changes in biomass and related variables. Special attention must be paid to such amendments as sewage sludge, where contaminants such as heavy metals may determine process rates. We find no relation between microbial biomass or microbial quotient and yields.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2389.2004.00677.x
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The Absorption of Gases in Milk of Lime1: Part I (1926)
    s.l. : American Chemical Society
    Industrial & engineering chemistry 18 (1926), S. 1070-1075 
    Details
    ISSN: 1520-5045
    Source: ACS Legacy Archives
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/ie50202a025
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Maintenance and monitoring of body temperature in infants and children (1991)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Pediatric anesthesia 1 (1991), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1460-9592
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1460-9592.1991.tb00003.x
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Characterization of a Human Basophil-Like Cell Line (LAMA-84) (1996)
    Oxford, U.K. and Cambridge, USA : Blackwell Science Ltd
    Scandinavian journal of immunology 44 (1996), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-3083
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: LAMA-84, a human leucocytic cell line, which upon establishment was described as having megakaryocytic, erythroid and granulocytic characteristics, was analysed for expression of various differentiation markers. In addition to some of the previously described phenotypic characteristics, this cell line was found to express mRNA for several proteins characteristic for basophilic leucocytes and mast cells. The authors show that LAMA-84 cells express mRNA for the mast cell tryptase, the proteoglycan core protein, carboxypeptidase A and the α and β chains of the high affinity IgE receptor (FcεRI). The authors examined the potential of LAMA-84 to differentiate in serum-free medium or after DMSO or PMA treatment. Depending on the inducing factor, surface expression of the FcεRI α-chain was increased from 20% to 35–50% of the cells and mRNA levels for tryptase were increased in serum-free medium and after DMSO treatment. LAMA-84 was found to express CD13, CDw17, CD29, CD33, CD40, CD45 and CD117. Furthermore, mRNA for the eosinophil/basophil markers Charcot–Leyden crystal (CLC) protein and the major basic protein (MBP), as well as the erythrocyte differentiation marker α-globin, was detected. However, the authors observed only trace amounts of mRNA for another erythroid differentiation marker (glycophorin), trace amounts of the megakaryocytic marker GPIIIa, and no detectable level of GPIbα. By comparing the expression pattern of a panel of differentiation markers in LAMA-84, and a second human cell line (KU812) expressing a basophil phenotype, it is evident that these cell lines, which presently are the only two cell lines identified with basophilic characteristics, share a large number of phenotypic characteristics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-3083.1996.d01-84.x
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Constitutive and Inducible Cytokine mRNA Expression in the Human Mast Cell Line HMC-1 (1995)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Scandinavian journal of immunology 42 (1995), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-3083
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: The discovery that mast cells are a potential source of cytokines has suggested new ways in which mast cells can act in immunological and inflammatory responses. In this study we have used the HMC-1 cell line as a model for human mast cells to study the constitutive and inducible mRNA expression of interleukins, colony-stimulating factors, interferons, tumour necrosis factors α and β, tumour growth factor β and platelet-derived growth factor A and B. We found that HMC-1 cells constitutively expressed mRNA for TNF-α and TGF-β, and a low level of M-CSF. After treatment with the phorbol ester TPA or the calcium ionophore ionomycin expression of several cytokines, i. e. IL-1β, IL-3, IL-6, GM-CSF, TNF-β and PDGF-A, could be detected. Both TPA and ionomycin induced the same set of cytokines, but the effect of TPA was more prominent. The relative induction was calculated to be 70X for IL-1β and IL-3, 30X for GM-CSF and PDGF-A and 3 - 10X for IL-6, M-CSF and TNF-β. This study shows that human mast cells have the capacity to express not only cytokines mediating an immune response but also cytokines affecting other cell types, e. g. fibroblasts and endothelial cells, involved in later steps of the inflammatory response.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-3083.1995.tb03628.x
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Short-Term Tissue Culture of Two Nonsecretory Human Myelomas (1976)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Scandinavian journal of immunology 5 (1976), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-3083
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Bone marrow cells from two patients without detectable monoclonal immunoglobulin (Ig) in serum and urine but with the clinical picture of plasma cell myeloma were cultivated in vitro. Immunofluorescence studies of cultured living and fixed bone marrow cells showed no signs of Ig production in one of the cases, whereas in the other case cytoplasmic kappa chains were detected, which, however, were not expressed at the surface of living cells. Cells from the latter patient were also subjected to kinetic, ultrastructural, and functional studies in vitro. The fraction of myeloma cells incorporating tritiated thymidine in vitro decreased gradually during prolonged culture, indicating a continuous cell death. The morphological characterization revealed many similarities between this nonsecretory myeloma and classical myelomas, although the frequency of cells with cisternae of endoplasmic reticulum distended by a granular material was unusually high, as was the frequency of ‘flaming’ myeloma cells. ‘Flaming’ cells were not labeled by tritiated thymidine, suggesting that they are nonproliferative end cells. Studies of the Ig synthesis by gel diffusion analyses of supernatant and cell lysates from [14C]leucine-labeled cultures agreed with the immunofluorescence studies that the myeloma cells were nonsecretory.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-3083.1976.tb03031.x
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Quantitation of β2-Microglobulin and HLA on the Surface of Human Cells (1977)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Scandinavian journal of immunology 6 (1977), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-3083
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Relative amounts of β2-microglobulin (β2m) and of HLA specificities were analysed on the surface of resting unfractionated peripheral human lymphocytes, enriched B and T cells, and on in-vivo- and in-vitro-stimulated lymphoblasts. Single-cell cytofluorometry and a very sensitive radioimmnunoassay were used to determine as closely as possible the absolute amounts of membrane-bound α2m/HLA antigens, B and T ‘resting’ and ‘stimulated’ lymphoid cells express very similar numbers of β2m and HLA antigenic determinants, respectively, per unit of surface area when compared within each group, although β2m was found to exist in two- to three-fold excess of HLA.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-3083.1977.tb00392.x
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Quantitation of β2-Microglobulin and HLA on the Surface of Human Cells (1977)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Scandinavian journal of immunology 6 (1977), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-3083
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Beta2-microglobulin (β2m) participates as an integral part in molecules of the major histocompatibility complex (MHC) type. Absence of β2m makes the residual heavy MHC chain largely inactive as antigen. Striking reductions in the density per unit surface area of β2m in seven out of nine malignant lymphoid tumour lines in comparison with normal lymphocytes or ‘immortalized’ Epstein-Barr-virus-transformed lymphoblastoid lines were found is this study. This would seemingly represent a specific reduction in the ability of the malignant cells to express actively produced β2m, since their HLA antigenic determinants were not reduced to the same extent and no indications were obtained suggesting that free β2m could transfer from one cell to another. However, that β2m is important in conveying serological specificities of MHC type to cells was shown by fusion of β2m-negative and β2m-positive cells, yielding hybrid cells with synergistically increased numbers of detectable, HLA-related determinants. Whether the reduction of β2m on malignant versus nonmalignant lymphoid cells bears any relevance as to emergence of the malignant clones and resistance to possible anti-tumour reactions would now be an issue for study.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-3083.1977.tb00393.x
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