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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Calcium content of liming material and its effect on sulphur release in a coniferous forest soil (2000)
    Springer
    Biogeochemistry 50 (2000), S. 1-20 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-515X
    Keywords: calcium content ; DOC ; liming material ; pH ; podsol ; sulphur mineralization
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Geosciences
    Notes: Abstract Soil columns with O + A (Experiment I) or Ohorizons (Experiment II) from a Haplic Podsol wereincubated at 15 °C for 368 and 29 + 106 days,respectively. Three types of liming material differingin Ca2+ content, i.e. calcium carbonate(CaCO3), dolomite (CaMg(CO3)2) andmagnesium carbonate (MgCO3), were mixed into theO horizons in equimolar amounts corresponding to 6000kg of CaCO3 per ha. In the limed treatments ofExperiment I, the leaching of dissolved organic carbon(DOC) and the net sulphur mineralization (estimated asaccumulated SO 4 2− leaching corrected forchanges in the soil pools of adsorbed and waterextractable SO 4 2− ) increased with decreasingCa2+ content of the lime and increasing degree oflime dissolution. In relation to the controltreatment, only the MgCO3 treatment resulted ina significantly higher net sulphur mineralization. InExperiment I the net sulphur mineralization was 4.06,1.68, 0.57, and 2.14 mg S in the MgCO3,CaMg(CO3)2, CaCO3 and control treatment,respectively. The accumulated SO 4 2− leachingin Experiment II during the first 29 days was 1.70,0.74 and 0.48 mg S in the MgCO3,CaMg(CO3)2 and control treatment,respectively. In the two experiments there wereconsistently significant positive correlations betweenleached amounts of SO 4 2− and DOC. It wasconcluded that net sulphur mineralization was stronglyconnected to the solubilization of the organic matter(DOC formation) and that pH and/or Ca2+ ionsaffected the net sulphur mineralization through theireffects on organic matter solubility.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1006355532514
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Ion Leaching Before and After Clear-Cutting in a Norway Spruce Stand - Effects of Long-Term Application of Ammonium Nitrate and Superphosphate (1997)
    Springer
    Water, air & soil pollution 93 (1997), S. 1-26 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-2932
    Keywords: Nitrogen deposition ; Haplic Podzol ; fertilization ; pH ; nitrification ; nitrate leaching ; aluminium leaching ; sulphate adsorption
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Energy, Environment Protection, Nuclear Power Engineering
    Notes: Abstract Soil solution chemistry was measured in a Haplic Podzol in a Norway spruce (Picea abies, L.Karst) site in central Sweden that had received frequent low-dose applications of nitrogen (N) asammonium nitrate (30-120 kg N/ha yr) and phosphorus (P) as superphosphate (20-40 kg P/haabout every third year) over a long period (22 yr). The aim was to investigate effects of added Non the ion leaching before and after clear-cutting. The N load corresponded well with actual loadsin central Europe. Prior to clear-cutting, fertilization increased concentrations of several ions inthe soil solution. Total losses of NO 3 - , Al andH+ increased with the intensity of fertilization. However, since fertilization enhanced tree growthand nutrient uptake, differences between the total losses of several other ions tended to beequalized. After clear-cutting, the pH in the soil solution decreased, and the losses of Mn and Alincreased with fertilizer load, probably because of increased N mineralization and nitrification. Inthe N treatments the concentration of SO 4 2- in the soil solution decreased, probably owing toincreased adsorption in the B horizon in response to the pH decrease. The effects ofanthropogenic N deposition are discussed in the light of our findings and possible causes oftemporal and spatial variation in soil solution chemistry and ion fluxes are suggested.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1022167013669
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Nutrient distribution in a Norway spruce stand after long-term application of ammonium nitrate and superphosphate (1996)
    Springer
    Water, air & soil pollution 92 (1996), S. 451-467 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-2932
    Keywords: Biomass ; calcium ; fertilization ; loss ; magnesium ; nitrogen ; nutrient ; potassium ; recovery ; soil
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Energy, Environment Protection, Nuclear Power Engineering
    Notes: Abstract The distribution of nutrients between soil layers and above-ground tree components was examined in a Norway spruce stand that had received ammonium nitrate (annually) and superphosphate (about every third year) for 22 years. Four treatments were included in the study; control (n = 4), N1P1, N2P2 and N3P2 (n = 2), which had received a total of 0, 730, 1700 and 2550 kg nitrogen (N) ha-1, 0, 130, 300 and 300 kg phosphorus (P) ha-1 and 0, 340, 784 and 784 kg calcium (Ca) ha-1, respectively. Compared with the control, stem-wood growth had been three times higher in N1P1 and three and a half times higher in N2P2 and N3P2. Amounts of N, P, Ca, potassium (K) and magnesium (Mg) in the above-ground tree biomass increased (p〈0.05) with the fertilizer dose, whereas manganese (Mn) did not. The recovery of fertilizer N and Ca in soil and above-ground tree biomass was negatively related to the fertilizer dose, although there had been a buildup of the N and Ca pools in the mor layer. This strongly indicates that at least the higher doses of N addition caused substantial nitrate leaching. Soil pools of K, Mg and Mn decreased as the fertilizer dose increased. However, the system total amounts (above-ground tree biomass plus soil) of K and Mg did not differ between treatments suggesting that no extra losses of these ions induced by nitrate leaching have occurred. Thus, in an aggrading forest ecosystem, N additions are likely to be followed by increased uptake of K, Mg and Ca. This may to some extent prevent extra leaching of these ions, which otherwise would be expected when there is an increase in nitrate leaching.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00283572
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Ion leaching before and after clear-cutting in a Norway spruce stand — effects of long-term application of ammonium nitrate and superphosphate (1997)
    Springer
    Water, air & soil pollution 93 (1997), S. 1-26 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-2932
    Keywords: Nitrogen deposition ; Haplic Podzol ; fertilization ; pH ; nitrification ; nitrate leaching ; aluminium leaching ; sulphate adsorption
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Energy, Environment Protection, Nuclear Power Engineering
    Notes: Abstract Soil solution chemistry was measured in a Haplic Podzol in a Norway spruce (Picea abies, L. Karst) site in central Sweden that had received frequent low-dose applications of nitrogen (N) as ammonium nitrate (30–120 kg N/ha yr) and phosphorus (P) as superphosphate (20–40 kg P/ha about every third year) over a long period (22 yr). The aim was to investigate effects of added N on the ion leaching before and after clear-cutting. The N load corresponded well with actual loads in central Europe. Prior to clear-cutting, fertilization increased concentrations of several ions in the soil solution. Total losses of NO3 −, Al and H+ increased with the intensity of fertilization. However, since fertilization enhanced tree growth and nutrient uptake, differences between the total losses of several other ions tended to be equalized. After clear-cutting, the pH in the soil solution decreased, and the losses of Mn and Al increased with fertilizer load, probably because of increased N mineralization and nitrification. In the N treatments the concentration of SO4 2− in the soil solution decreased, probably owing to increased adsorption in the B horizon in response to the pH decrease. The effects of anthropogenic N deposition are discussed in the light of our findings and possible causes of temporal and spatial variation in soil solution chemistry and ion fluxes are suggested.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02404745
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
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