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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Observation of magnetic switching in submicron magnetic-tunnel junctions at low frequency (1999)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 85 (1999), S. 5267-5269 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Understanding the magnetic switching behavior in micron and submicron scale specimens is important for a number of applications. In this study, magnetic-tunnel junctions of various sizes and shapes were fabricated and their switching behavior was studied in detail. Using exchange bias to offset the magnetic response of one electrode, the response of the other (free) electrode was determined from measurements of junction resistance. Switching threshold curves were measured by sweeping magnetic fields in both easy and hard direction. Single domain like switching was observed in some of our smallest submicron junctions. The observed behavior was compared with predictions from the Stoner–Wohlfarth rotational model and from numerical calculations. © 1999 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.369850
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Y1Ba2Cu3O7−δ thin films grown by a simple spray deposition technique (1988)
    Woodbury, NY : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Applied Physics Letters 52 (1988), S. 163-165 
    Details
    ISSN: 1077-3118
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: The preparation of high Tc superconducting thin films of Y1Ba2Cu3O7−δ on (100) single crystals of MgO, ZrO2 with 9% Y2O3 (yttria stabilized zirconia, or YSZ), and SrTiO3 using a simple spray deposition technique is described. Typical film growth procedure involves (a) the spraying of a stoichiometric solution of the nitrate precursors on the heated substrate (180 °C), (b) prebaking in air of the sprayed film (20 min at 500 °C), and (c) oven annealing of the film under flowing O2 (900–950 °C followed by slow cooling to 200 °C in about 3 h). X-ray diffraction analysis of the films after each of the growing steps mentioned above shows primarily the presence of crystalline phases of the nitrates, the oxides, and the orthorhombic superconducting phase, respectively. Resistivity versus temperature measurements show that the onset and completion of the superconductive transition occur at 92 and 87 K, respectively, in films on YSZ substrate; at 95 and 80 K, respectively, in films on SrTiO3 substrate; and at 82 and 77 K, respectively, in films on MgO substrate.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.99039
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Maskless laser patterning of insulating films from salt solutions (1994)
    Woodbury, NY : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Applied Physics Letters 64 (1994), S. 3348-3350 
    Details
    ISSN: 1077-3118
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Insulating thin-film patterns have been deposited on a variety of metal surfaces using focused laser light incident on samples submerged in both electrolytic and electroless nickel solutions. Deposits occur only where the laser radiation is absorbed by the substrate. For a single scan, the patterned film can have dimensions as small as 25 nm in height, 4 μm in width. Scanning electron microscope and electrical probing measurements confirm the insulating nature of the films.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.111275
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    An assessment of the Cerebrotrac 2500 for continuous monitoring of cerebral function in the intensive care unit (1991)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Anaesthesia 46 (1991), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2044
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Experience of the use of the Cerebrotrac 2500 EEG monitor in 17 patients subjected to artificial ventilation in an intensive care unit is reported; seven were receiving continuous sedation with morphine, midazolam and propofol singly or in combination and 10 received both sedation and the neuromuscular blocking agent, atracurium. The processed EEG patterns could not be precisely correlated with a standard clinical scoring system but were useful in determining the adequacy of sedation, particularly when a muscle relaxant was used. The monitor also shows considerable promise in the management of the paralysed patient with widespread convulsive activity in whom ischaemic brain damage may be occurring from epileptiform activity in the absence of any clinical manifestation. The ability to detect cerebral irritability or isolated epileptiform discharges using this apparatus is, however, questionable. The equipment was easy to use and robust; the running costs were 9.5p per hour.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2044.1991.tb09772.x
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Peri-operative dreaming in paediatric patients who receive suxamethonium (1988)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Anaesthesia 43 (1988), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2044
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: A prospective study is described of peri-operative dreaming in 144 paediatric patients aged 5–14 years who received suxamethonium for day case surgery. No case of awareness was elicited. One group received pretreatment with 80 mg/kg tubocurarine. The incidence of dreaming in the 72 patients who were not pretreated was 16.7% compared with 2.8% in the patients pretreated with tubocurarine. This difference is statistically significant. The use of an intermittent suxamethonium technique gives a high incidence of dreaming which may be caused by muscle spindle discharge that produces cerebral arousal. Pretreatment with a non-depolarising agent decreases this risk of dreaming.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2044.1988.tb05474.x
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The ‘dedicated airway’: a review of the concept and an update of current practice (1999)
    Oxford : Blackwell Science Ltd
    Anaesthesia 54 (1999), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2044
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: The term ‘dedicated airway’ was ifrst used in connection with nasal fibreoptic intubations using the cuffed nasopharyngeal airway. Since that time, the concept has developed and the term has been extended to include fibreoptic intubation techniques involving both the laryngeal mask airway and cuffed oropharyngeal airway. ‘Dedicated airway’ can now be defined as: ‘An upper airway device dedicated to the maintenance of airway patency while other major airway interventions are anticipated or are in progress. The device should be compatible with spontaneous and controlled ventilation. ‘Dedicated airway techniques allow planned fibreoptic intubations in difficult cases and provide an emergency airway option in an unexpected difficult intubation when the alternative may be to wake the patient. As well as promoting safe conditions for training fibreoptic intubation in general, there is the particular advantage of being able to train using these techniques in patients known to be difficult to intubate. The authors' evolved clinical experiences in promoting the concept and the rlevant literature are reviewed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2044.1999.00888.x
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Fibreoptic intubation using the cuffed oropharyngeal airway and Aintree intubation catheter (1998)
    Oxford : Blackwell Science Ltd
    Anaesthesia 53 (1998), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2044
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: A cuffed oropharyngeal airway has recently been introduced which has larger internal dimensions than a comparable Guedel airway. This allows a ventilation/exchange bougie, the Aintree Intubation Catheter, mounted on a fibreoptic laryngoscope to pass through it. Its 15-mm connector and pharyngeal cuff suggested the possibility of using a Rüsch sealed-port angle piece to allow ventilation through the oropharyngeal airway during fibreoptic laryngoscopy. This study investigated using this equipment to intubate the trachea through the cuffed oropharyngeal airway in paralysed patients, whilst maintaining ventilation manually with a Bain system. In 20 patients, airway control was satisfactory throughout and tracheal intubation was accomplished without complications. The cuffed oropharyngeal airway was easy to manipulate to improve a suboptimal fibreoptic view of the larynx. This may give it an advantage over the laryngeal mask airway when used as a ventilation/intubation conduit.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2044.1998.00527_53_9.x
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Characteristics and pathogenicity of Pythium spp. associated with damping-off of sugar beet in Ireland (1992)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Plant pathology 41 (1992), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-3059
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Five hundred and eight Pythium isolates were obtained from diseased sugar-beet seedlings in the field from beet field soils in Ireland. Pythium sylvaticum and P. intermedium were the dominant species, together representing 86% of isolates, and P. salpingophorum, P. ultimum, P. mamillatum, P. oligandrum and Pythium‘group HS’were the other species identified. The cultural characteristics of these species corresponded generally with previous descriptions, with the exception of P. sylvaticum and P. mamillatum, which varied in some respects. In glasshouse pathogenicity tests, P. sylvaticum, P. intermedium, P. salpingophorum, P. ultimum, P. mamillatum and one unidentified Pythium isolate caused pre-emergence and early post-emergence damping-off of sugar-beet seedlings. Isolates off. oligandrum and Pythium‘group HS’were weakly pathogenic or not pathogenic to beet seedlings.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-3059.1992.tb02457.x
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Characteristics and pathogenicity of isolates of Rhizoctonia spp. associated with damping-off of sugar beet (1991)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Plant pathology 40 (1991), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-3059
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Rhizoctonia solani and R. cerealis were isolated from diseased sugar-beet seedlings in Ireland. Isolates of R. solani were assigned to anastomosis groups AG-2, AG-4, AG-5 and an unidentified group that did not anastomose with recognized tester isolates. Cultures of AG-2 were similar to those of AG-5 on oatmeal agar (OA) and potato-dextrose-marmite agar (PDMA). Cultures of AG-4, the unidentified group and R. cerealis were morphologically distinct from one another, AG-2 and AG-5. The optimum temperature for growth of AG-2 was 225 C, with optimum growth of AG-4, AG-5 and the unidentified group at 275-C. R. cerealis grew slower than all groups of R. solani, with optimum growth at 225°C. Hyphae of R. cerealis were significantly narrower than those of the groups of R. solani studied. In glasshouse pathogenicity tests, some AG-2 and all AG-4, AG-5 and isolates from the unidentified group caused damping-off of beet seedlings. In controlled environments of 10-25°C, an AG-2 isolate was the most aggressive at 10 C whilst AG-4, AG-5 and the unidentified group caused most disease at or above 15°C. R. cerealis was also pathogenic to beet seedlings, causing damping-off at 10 and 15 C.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-3059.1991.tb02301.x
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Damping-off of sugar beet caused by Rhizoctonia cerealis (1990)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Plant pathology 39 (1990), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-3059
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Rhizoctonia cerealis was isolated from diseased sugar beet seedlings collected from crops in Ireland. In pathogenicity tests, isolates of R. cerealis from beet seedlings, and from sharp eyespot lesions on wheat crops, caused severe damping-off of sugar beet. Isolates from beet seedlings also caused symptoms of sharp eyespot on wheat.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-3059.1990.tb02491.x
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