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A Controlled Crossover Trial of Fenfluramine in Autism (1990)

Stern, L. M. ; Walker, M. K. ; Sawyer, M. G. ; [et al.]

Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd

The @journal of child psychology and psychiatry 31 (1990), S. 0

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ISSN: 1469-7610

Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005

Topics: Medicine , Psychology

Notes: Abstract We report a 12 month double-blind randomized crossover trial of fenfluramine in 20 children with the syndrome of autism. On active drug most of the children lost weight and blood serotonin levels fell by an average of 60 %. There was a fall in urinary dopamine (DA) and noradrenaline (NA) levels and increased excretion of homovanillic acid (HVA). Some of the children showed improvement in tests of cognitive and language function, although the results did not achieve overall statistical significance. Event-related brain potentials (ERPs) were obtained in seven subjects on an auditory choice reaction time task. Side effects of the drug included irritability and lethargy. Fenfluramine may have a limited place in the management of some patients with autistic disorder.

Type of Medium: Electronic Resource

URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-7610.1990.tb00798.x

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Monoamine activity reflected in urine of young patients with obsessive compulsive disorder, psychosis with and without reality distortion and healthy subjects: an explorative analysis (1994)

Oades, R. D. ; Röpcke, B. ; Eggers, C.

Springer

Journal of neural transmission 96 (1994), S. 143-159

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ISSN: 1435-1463

Keywords: Obsessive-compulsive disorder ; schizophrenia ; paranoia ; adrenalin ; noradrenalin ; dopamine ; serotonin ; urine

Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000

Topics: Medicine

Notes: Summary Positive psychotic symptoms are reported to be associated with high, negative symptoms with low dopamine (DA) activity and serotonin (5HT) activity may be altered in obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD). We analysed 24 h urine samples in these patient groups and in healthy controls for supportive evidence. Young unmedicated OCD subjects excreted more adrenaline (AD) and homovanillic acid (HVA) and showed a higher HVA/MHPG ratio and metabolic rate than healthy controls. Independent of general metabolic rate they showed higher HVA concentrations which suggests that the relative activity of catecholamine systems in OCD (HVA/MHPG) is due more to high DA than to low noradrenergic (NA) activity. Concentrations of 5HT were also high in OCD patients. In psychotic patients low levels of DA, HVA, NA and MHPG probably resulted from neuroleptic medication. Patients diagnosed with paranoid psychosis showed higher DA utilization than controls and those with few paranoid symptoms showed high 5HT utilization. These results support studies suggesting that paranoid psychosis is associated more with increased DA activity (discussed in the context of neuroleptic reactivity), that non-paranoid forms are associated more with increased 5HT activity and that OCD patients are unusually aroused with high levels of Ad, 5HT and HVA.