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  • 1
    ISSN: 1469-7610
    Quelle: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Thema: Medizin , Psychologie
    Notizen: The Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children—Revised (WISC—R) was applied (in a Swedish version) in 120 children with Aspcrger syndrome, autistic disorder, and attention disorders. Using stepwise logistic regression analysis, the WISC's discriminating ability was investigated. The overall rate of correct diagnostic classification was 63%. Further. WISC profiles were analysed within each group. The group with autistic disorder was characterised by a peak on Block Design. The Asperger syndrome group had good verbal ability and troughs on Object Assembly and Coding, The group with attention disorders had troughs on Coding and Arithmetic. The results suggest that Kaufman's Verbal Comprehension, Perceptual Organisation and Freedom from Distractibility factors rather than verbal IQ and performance IQ account for the variance on the WISC. Furthermore, the Asperger syndrome and autistic disorder groups differed in respect of “fluid” and “crystallised” cognitive ability.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
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  • 2
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    BJOG 103 (1996), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1471-0528
    Quelle: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Thema: Medizin
    Notizen: Objective To design a method to identify women with first trimester spontaneous abortion suitable for expectant management.Design A stepwise logistic regression analysis based on retrospective analysis of clinical and biochemical variables.Setting Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden.Participants One hundred and three women with inevitable or incomplete spontaneous abortion at 〈 13 weeks of gestation were chosen for expectant management. Eighty-one women with complete spontaneous abortion (i.e. complete expulsion and/or resolution of pregnancy products within three days of expectant management) were compared with those (n= 22) who underwent surgical evacuation of the uterus, most commonly owing to retained products of conception after three days.Results Employing a stepwise logistic regression procedure, five diagnostic variables possessing prognostic power were identified: serum progesterone, daily serum hCG change, serum CA125, serum alpha fetoprotein and intrauterine diameter. The logistic regression analysis was also applied to three diagnostic variables chosen for routine clinical use: serum progesterone, serum hCG and intrauterine diameter. The probability of complete spontaneous abortion within three days of expectant management in each woman could be calculated.Conclusion We have used a logistic model to calculate the probability of complete spontaneous abortion within three days in women with first trimester miscarriages. Such information may be of clinical use in caring for women, as well as for development of management guidelines for those with miscarriages.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
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  • 3
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Springer
    World journal of surgery 14 (1990), S. 829-835 
    ISSN: 1432-2323
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Medizin
    Beschreibung / Inhaltsverzeichnis: Résumé Pour évaluer la survie à long terme après opération pour hyperparathyroÏdie primaire, le devenir de 896 patients chez lesquels ce diagnostic avait été clinquement posé et vérifié histologiquement a été analysé. Ces patients ont été opérés entre 1953 et 1982. L'âge moyen au moment de l'intervention était de â 57.3 ans (ET: 13.1), le taux global de cure était de 97.0%, la mortalité post-opératoire était de 0.89%. Le suivi était complet à 99.8% à la fin de l'année 1986. Le suivi moyen était de 12.9 ans (ET: 6.1). Deux cent quatre vingt quatorze patients sont morts, 118 de plus que dans le groupe contrôle (p〈0.001), basé sur les statistiques suédoises d'une population composée de sujets comparables du point de vue âge, sexe, et année de mort. Le groupe de contrôle était de la mÊme taille pour chaque année que pour la population hyperparathyroÏde. Le risque de mort précoce chez les patients hyperparathyroÏdes était augmenté (p〈0.001) mÊme après exclusion des patients à haut risque dont l'hyperparathyroÏdie avait été diagnostiquée pendant le traitement d'une autre maladie grave. Les principales causes de mort précoce chez le patient hyperparathyroÏdien étaient soit une maladie cardiovasculaire, soit une maladie maligne. Les deux étaient plus fréquentes que dans le groupe de contrôle (p〈0.001). Ces résultats démontrent que l'hyperparathyrodie est responsable de lésions qui ne sont pas réversibles après cure de l'hyperparathyroÏdie.
    Kurzfassung: Resumen Con el fin de investigar la sobrevida a largo plazo después del tratamiento quirÚrgico del hiperparatiroidismo primario, se realizó un estudio de seguimiento en 896 pacientes consecutivos en los cuales se comprobó el diagnóstico por la clínica y por métodos microscópicos. Estos pacientes fueron operados en el período 1953–1982. Le edad promedio en el momento de la operación fue 57.3 años (DE: 13.1), la tasa global de curación 97.0%, y la mortalidad postoperatoria 0.89%. El seguimiento fue completo en el 99.8% de los casos hasta el final de 1986. El promedio de tiempo de seguimiento fue de 12.9 años (DE: 6.1); 294 pacientes murieron, cifra que fue 118 personas, mayor que en el grupo control (p〈0.001), el cual se basó en estadísticas suecas para una población similar en cuanto a edad, sexo, y años calendario. El grupo control fue cada año del mismo volumen que el de la población hiperparatiroidea. El riesgo de muerte prematura se mantuvo aumentado (p〈0.001) aun después de excluir los pacientes de alto riesgo en los cuales se diagnosticó el hiperparatiroidismo mientras estaban bajo tratamiento por otras enfermedades serias. Las causas de muerte prematura principal en los pacientes hiperparatiroideos fueron las enfermedades cardiovasculares y las neoplasias malignas; ambas se presentaron con mayor frecuencia que en el grupo control (p〈0.001). Los resultados demuestran que el hiperparatiroidismo primario causa lesiones que no revierten con la cirugía.
    Notizen: Abstract To investigate long-term survival after operation for primary hyperparathyroidism, a follow-up study was performed on 896 consecutive patients in whom this diagnosis had been clinically and microscopically verified. These patients were operated on in the years 1953–1982. Their mean age at operation was 57.3 years [standard deviation (SD) 13.1], overall cure rate was 97.0%, and postoperative mortality was 0.89%. Follow-up was 99.8% complete by the end of 1986. Mean follow-up time was 12.9 years (SD: 6.1). Two-hundred ninety-four patients were deceased, which was 118 more than in a control group (p〈0.001). The latter was based on Swedish population statistics, matched for age, sex, and calendar year. Each year, the control group was the same size as the hyperparathyroid population. The risk of premature death remained increased (p〈0.001) even after exclusion of poor-risk patients having their hyperparathyroidism diagnosed when being treated or followed because of other serious diseases. The main causes of premature death for the hyperparathyroid patients were cardiovascular and malignant diseases. Both occurred more often than in the control group (p〈0.001). The results demonstrate that primary hyperparathyroidism causes damage that is not reversed by surgery.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
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  • 4
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Springer
    World journal of surgery 15 (1991), S. 399-405 
    ISSN: 1432-2323
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Medizin
    Beschreibung / Inhaltsverzeichnis: Résumé Il a été démontré dans une étude antérieure portant sur 896 patients vus de façon consécutive et opérés pour hyperparathyroïdie primitive entre 1953 et 1982 [1] que le risque postopératoire de mort précoce était augmenté. Ceci pose la question de savoir quel rôle joue la chirurgie dans ce risque. Le but de cette étude a été d'examiner ce rôle. On a mis en évidence 3 facteurs indépendants, correlés de façon significative avec le risque de mort (p〈0.001): âge, année de l'acte chirurgical, et intervalle écoulé depuis l'acte chirurgical. L'année tardive de l'acte chirurgical et le degré d'hyperparathyroïdie, évalué par la calcémie et la créatininémie, étaient correlés entre eux. Le risque de mort précoce était augmenté chez tous les patients, quel que soit leur âge. Ce risque était toutefois moindre chez les patients opérés pendant ces dernières années. Le risque de mort en rapport avec la durée de l'intervalle écoulé depuis l'acte chirurgical s'est normalisé d'autant plus vite que le malade a été opéré plus tard dans la période d'étude. La survie postchirurgicale dans cette étude, contraste avec les résultats des sujets ayant une hyperpathyroïdie modérée non traitée. Nous avons trouvé également que la calcémie préopératoire était correlée avec le risque de mort et que l'année de l'acte chirurgical était sans doute en rapport avec la durée même de l'hyperparathyroïdie. Nos résultats démontrent que la chirurgie pratiquée au début dans l'hyperparathyroïdie modérée diminue le risque de mort précoce.
    Kurzfassung: Resumen El hallazgo, previamente informado, de muerte precoz en una serie consecutiva de 896 pacientes operados por hiperparatiroidismo primario entre 1953 y 1982 [1], planteó el interrogante sobre el papael de la cirugía en relación con el riesgo de muerte. En el presente estudio, emprendido con el propósito de examinar este fenómeno, se encontraron 3 factores significativamente relacionados con el riesgo de muerte (p〈0.001) cada uno con una contribución independiente: edad, año calendario de la cirugía, y tiempo transcurrido después de la cirugía. Se encontró correlación entre un ano calendario tardio de la cirugía y un bajo grado de hiperparatiroidismo, según evaluación por los niveles séricos de calcio de creatinina. Se presentó un riesgo aumentado de muerte precoz en todos los grupos de edad. El riesgo fue menor en los pacientes operados en los últimos años. La normalización del riesgo aumontado de muerte con el lapso postoperatorio también se observó en los pacientes operados en los últimos años. Nuestros hallazgos de mejor supervivencia después de la intervención quirúrgica contrastan favorablemente con los hallazgos en otros estudios sobre pacientes con hiperparatiroidismo leve no tratado. También encontramos que los niveles preoperatorios de calcio sérico afectan el riesgo de enfermedad, y que existe un factor adicional relacionado con el año calendario de la cirugía; evidencia circunstancial indica que la duración del hiperparatiroidismo contribuye a este factor. Nuestros resultados muestran que la cirugía temprana disminuye el riesgo de muerte precoz también en los casos de hiperparatiroidismo leve.
    Notizen: Abstract The previous finding of an increased risk of premature death in a consecutive series of 896 patients operated on for primary hyperparathyroidism between 1953 and 1982 [1] raised the question of the role that surgery plays in relation to the risk of death. In the present study, undertaken to examine that issue, 3 factors—age, calendar year of surgery, and time passed after surgery—have been found to be significantly related to the risk of death (p〈0.001), each factor contributing independently. A correlation was found between a late calendar year of surgery and a low degree of hyperparathyroidism as evaluated by serum calcium and creatinine levels. There was an increased risk of premature death in all age groups. The risk was less among patients operated on in later years. The observed normalization of the increased risk of death with time after surgery also took place sooner in patients operated on in later years. Our finding of improved survival following surgical intervention contrasts favorably with the findings of others in studies of subjects with untreated mild hyperparathyroidism. We have also found that preoperative serum calcium levels affect the risk of death, and that there is an additional factor related to the calendar year of surgery affecting the risk of death. Circumstantial evidence indicates that the duration of hyperparathyroidism contributes to this factor. Our results also show that early surgery decreases the risk of premature death in mild cases of the disease.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
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  • 5
    ISSN: 1432-198X
    Schlagwort(e): Renal concentrating capacity ; Desmopressin
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Medizin
    Notizen: Abstract Reference values are reported for maximal renal concentrating capacity in children using intranasally administered desmopressin. The report is based on 591 tests in 473 healthy children aged 0.5–13 years. The concentrating capacity increased markedly during the first years of life and reached a plateau at the age of 3 years. The mean value minus two standard deviations was 525 mosmol/kg at 1 year of age and 825 mosmol/kg at 3 years of age.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
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  • 6
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Springer
    Pediatric nephrology 1 (1987), S. 269-275 
    ISSN: 1432-198X
    Schlagwort(e): Children ; Kidney ; Growth retardation ; Urinary tract infaction ; Vesico-ureteral relux
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Medizin
    Notizen: Abstract This study presents the result of 12–21 years' follow-up in a group of children with neonatal urinary tract infection (onset within 1 month after birth) in whom early renal growth retardation was noted without concomitant classical renal scarring. In all cases the neonatal infection was diagnosed and treated within a few days of onset and the patients were closely supervised thereafter. Renal length, parenchymal thickness and area were measured at urography. At first follow-up (22 children, mean age 4.1 years) a significant reduction of renal parenchymal thickness was noted. Long-term follow-up (18 patients, mean age 17 years) demonstrated a normalization of renal size in the entire group, although less complete in the subgroup with reflux. There were two major findings in the present study. Firstly, renal growth retardation was seen after neonatal infection, both with and without reflux. Secondly, normalization of renal size in previously small kidneys was demonstrated, suggesting that growth retardation can be a reversible phenomenon. The tendency for such normalization was slightly more marked in children without reflux. Reduction of parenchymal thickness without calyceal deformity, therefore, does not necessarily mean irreversible damage, and differentiation between permanent scarring and temporary growth retardation can thus only be made at later follow-up, possibly not until after puberty. The demonstration of renal growth retardation in spite of early diagnosis and treatment emphasizes the great vulnerability of the kidney in the newborn.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
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  • 7
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Springer
    Human genetics 〈Berlin〉 94 (1994), S. 195-197 
    ISSN: 1432-1203
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie , Medizin
    Notizen: Abstract This is an investigation into the finding that patients with primary hyperparathyroidism caused by Water Clear Cell Hyperplasia (WCCH) frequently belong to blood group O. Two control groups were defined from the same time period as 32 cases of WCCH treated at our clinic: one was a consecutive patient series with other forms of primary hyperparathyroidism (n=864) and the other was the population in a geographically defined area in Sweden (n=59,862). The blood group distribution of the patients with WCCH differed from the distribution of the patients with other forms of primary hyperparathyroidism with high significance (P=0.00040). The blood group distribution did not differ between the two control groups. Strong associations between disease and HL-A type have previously been described, while associations found between disease and ABO blood groups were weaker. The association between WCCH and blood group O described here is by far the strongest association with the ABO system demonstrated to date. It is possible that the presence of an O-allele is a prerequisite for the development of WCCH.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
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  • 8
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Springer
    Journal of neurology 241 (1994), S. 597-604 
    ISSN: 1432-1459
    Schlagwort(e): Multiple sclerosis ; Prognosis ; Survival analysis ; Statistical models
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Medizin
    Notizen: Abstract An incidence cohort of 308 multiple sclerosis patients was followed up repeatedly during at least 25 years of disease. In the patients with acute onset, multivariate survival analyses were performed and predictive models created. The endpoints DSS 6 and start of progressive disease were used. A number of variables were tested. The most important of these for prediction and therefore included in these models were: age at onset, sex, degree of remission after relapse, mono- or polyregional symptoms, type of affected nerve fibres, number of affected neurological systems. The relapse rate did not correlate with prognosis. In the predictive models, coefficients and risk ratios are provided that can be used for calculating the risk of progression and DSS 6 or to predict the median time for these endpoints in individual patients. It was also found that the risk of progression is not constant, but has a maximum a certain time after disease onset. For a patient with early onset, the risk is low in the beginning, but reaches a maximum level, which is several times higher, after about 15 years. The patient with a late onset has a much higher risk of endpoint immediately after onset, but reaches the maximum in a few years, and after that the risk decreases
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
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