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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Platelet aggrecation and calcium uptake
    Amsterdam : Elsevier
    Journal of Molecular and Cellular Cardiology 16 (1984), S. 15 
    Details
    ISSN: 0022-2828
    Source: Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002
    Topics: Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0022-2828(84)80322-3
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The effect of calcium channel blockers on blood platelet function, especially calcium uptake
    Amsterdam : Elsevier
    Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA)/General Subjects 923 (1987), S. 401-412 
    Details
    ISSN: 0304-4165
    Keywords: Calcium antagonist ; Calcium uptake ; Cation effect ; Platelet function
    Source: Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Physics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/0304-4165(87)90048-1
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Determination of cadmium in biological samples by inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectrometry after extraction with 1,5-bis[phenyl-(2-pyridyl)methylene]-thiocarbonohydrazide (1994)
    Springer
    Microchimica acta 116 (1994), S. 173-182 
    Details
    ISSN: 1436-5073
    Keywords: solvent extraction ; ICP-AES ; cadmium ; biological samples
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Abstract A systematic study was made of the optimum conditions for cadmium determination in biological samples by ICP-AES after extraction of the metal into methyl isobutyl ketone containing 1,5-bis[phenyl-(2-pyridyl)methylene]-thiocarbonohydrazide. The maximum volume ratio of aqueous to organic phase was 30 ∶ 1 for a single-stage extraction of 99–100% of the metal ion. The detection limit was 0.3 ng/ml cadmium, and the calibration was linear from 0.4 to at least 150 ng/ml. No interferences from the elements commonly found in biological materials were observed. A precision of 2.5% (P = 0.05) at the 2 ng/ml level of the metal was achieved. The accuracy of the method was demonstrated by analysis of three standard reference materials, giving concentrations of 1.90 ± 0.43, 27.1 ± 1.4 and 2.63 ± 0.38 μ/g of cadmium, compared with the certified values of 2.20 ± 0.10, 26.3 ± 2.1, and 2.71 ± 0.15 μg/g, respectively.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01260362
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Effects of Cs on acetylcholine induced current (1981)
    Springer
    Pflügers Archiv 391 (1981), S. 57-59 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2013
    Keywords: Frog heart ; Cs ions ; Acetylcholine ; i K1
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract 1. 20 mM Cs+ ions reduce background current and decrease drastically the K+ depletion process, probably as a consequence of the reduction ofi K1. The background current-voltage relationship becomes linear. 2. 20 mM Cs+ ions completely abolish the current induced by acetylcholine. 3. The possibility that the K+ current induced by acetylcholine is due to an increase ofi K1 is discussed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00580695
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Block by Cs of K currenti K1 and of carbachol induced K currenti Cch in frog atrium (1983)
    Springer
    Pflügers Archiv 397 (1983), S. 295-299 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2013
    Keywords: Frog heart ; i K1 ; Cs ions ; acetylcholine
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract 1. In frog atrium, Cs ions block both the inward rectifieri K1 and the carbachol induced K currenti Cch. 2. Bothi K1 andi Cch display a high affinity for Cs with a K0.5 of 4×10−5 M fori k1 and of 8×10−5 M fori Cch atV=−50 mV. 3. Block of bothi K1 andi Cch is strongly voltage dependent. When fitted by the block model of Woodhull (1973), δ is 〉1 for the two currents. 4. From these similarities, action of Cch on frog atrium K permeability could be interpreted as a modification ofi K1.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00580264
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Activation by Angiotensin II of Ca2+-dependent K+ and Cl− Currents in Zona Fasciculata Cells of Bovine Adrenal Gland (1998)
    Springer
    The journal of membrane biology 162 (1998), S. 39-50 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1424
    Keywords: Key words: Zona fasciculata cells — Angiotensin II — K+ current — Cl− current — Ca2+ stores
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Abstract. The effects of angiotensin II (100 nm) on the electrical membrane properties of zona fasciculata cells isolated from calf adrenal gland were studied using the whole cell patch recording method. In current-clamp condition, angiotension II induced a biphasic membrane response which began by a transient hyperpolarization followed by a depolarization more positive than the control resting potential. These effects were abolished by Losartan (10−5 m), an antagonist of angiotensin receptors of type 1. The angiotensin II-induced transient hyperpolarization was characterized in voltage-clamp condition from a holding potential of −10 mV. Using either the perforated or the standard recording method, a transient outward current accompanied by an increase of the membrane conductance was observed in response to the hormonal stimulation. This outward current consisted of an initial fast peak followed by an oscillating or a slowly decaying plateau current. In Cl−-free solution, the outward current reversed at −78.5 mV, a value close to E K. It was blocked by external TEA (20 mm) and by apamin (50 nm). In K+-free solution, the transient outward current, sensitive to Cl− channel blocker DPC (400 μm), reversed at −52 mV, a more positive potential than E Cl. Its magnitude changed in the same direction as the driving force for Cl−. The hormone-induced transient outward current was never observed when EGTA (5 mm) was added to the pipette solution. The plateau current was suppressed in nominally Ca2+-free solution (47% of cells) and was reversibly blocked by Cd2+ (300 μm) but not by nisoldipine (0.5–1 μm) which inhibited voltage-gated Ca2+ currents identified in this cell type. The present experiments show that the transient hyperpolarization induced by angiotensin II is due to Ca2+-dependent K+ and Cl− currents. These two membrane currents are co-activated in response to an internal increase of [Ca2+] i originating from intra- and extracellular stores.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s002329900340
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Two Types of Pharmacologically Distinct Ca2+ Currents with Voltage-dependent Similarities in Zona Fasciculata Cells Isolated from Bovine Adrenal Gland (2000)
    Springer
    The journal of membrane biology 173 (2000), S. 149-163 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1424
    Keywords: Key words: Adrenal cells — Ca2+ channel types — Voltage-dependence — Pharmacology
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Abstract. Voltage-activated Ca2+ currents, in zona fasciculata cells isolated from calf adrenal gland, were characterized using perforated patch-clamp recording. In control solution (Ca2+: 2.5 mm) a transient inward current was followed, in 40% of the cells, by a sustained one. In 20 mm Ba2+, 61% of the cells displayed an inward current, which consisted of transient and sustained components. The other cells produced either a sustained or a transient inward current. These different patterns were dependent upon time in culture. Current-voltage relationships show that both the transient and sustained components activated, peaked and reversed at similar potentials: −40, 0 and +60 mV, respectively. The two components, fully inactivated at −10 mV, were separated by double-pulse protocols from different holding potentials where the transient component could be inactivated or reactivated. The decaying phase of the sustained component was fitted by a double exponential (time constants: 1.9 and 20 sec at +10 mV); that of the transient component was fitted by a single exponential (time constant: 19 msec at +10 mV). Steady-state activation and inactivation curves of the two components were superimposed. Their half activation and inactivation potentials were similar, about −15 and −34 mV, respectively. The sustained component was larger in Ba2+ than in Sr2+ and Ca2+. Ni2+ (20 μm) selectively blocked the transient component while Cd2+ (10 μm) selectively blocked the sustained one. (±)Bay K 8644 (0.5 μm) increased the sustained component and nitrendipine (0.5–1 μm) blocked it selectively. The sustained component was inhibited by calciseptine (1 μm). Both components were unaffected by ω-conotoxin GVIA and MVIIC (0.5 μm). These results show that two distinct populations of Ca2+ channels coexist in this cell type. Although the voltage dependence of their activation and inactivation are comparable, these two components of the inward current are similar to T- and L-type currents described in other cells.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s002320001016
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The Transient Outward Current of Isolated Bovine Adrenal Zona Fasciculata Cells: Comparison between Standard and Perforated Patch Recording Methods (1996)
    Springer
    The journal of membrane biology 149 (1996), S. 233-247 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1424
    Keywords: Key words: K+ transient outward current — Standard and perforated patch clamp — Fast inactivation — Very slow inactivation — Facilitation — Action potentials
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Abstract. Voltage-clamp experiments were performed on single bovine adrenal fasciculata cells in short-term primary culture using either standard (broken membrane) or perforated whole-cell patch clamp recording. The membrane current measured with the perforated method was dominated by a very stable transient outward current. By contrast, the transient outward current recorded using the standard method was unstable. The reversal potential of the transient outward current varied linearly with the logarithm of [K+] e with a slope of 47 mV per decade. The onset of activation was sigmoidal and was fitted with a power function where n= 4. Time constants ranged from 1 to 4 msec with a maximum at −25 mV. The steady-state activation curve spanned the voltage range −50 to +80 mV without reaching a clear maximum. During a pulse, the current decayed in a biexponential manner. Time constants τ1 and τ2 were voltage-dependent and ranged from 50 to 200 msec respectively for a voltage step at +50 mV. The steady-state inactivation was dependent on the conditioning pulse duration. Using short conditioning pulses (1.2 sec), the curve which spanned the voltage range −40 to −20 mV, was 15 mV more positive than that obtained with longer conditioning pulses (60 sec). Time constants of this ``very slow inactivation'' process (τvs) determined for voltage steps at −60 and −50 mV were 15 and 10 sec respectively. A ``facilitation process'' of the peak current was observed when the duration or the amplitude of conditioning pulses were increased in the voltage range −100 to −50 mV. Recovery from inactivation followed a biexponential time course which seemed a mixture of both inactivation processes. In some experimental conditions, isolated cells were able to produce overshooting action potentials. These results are discussed in relation with the membrane electrogenesis of this cell type.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s002329900023
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