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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Toxicity of four commonly used chemotherapeutic compounds to fry of the African catfish, Clarias gariepinus (Burchell) (1995)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Aquaculture research 26 (1995), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2109
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Acute toxicity tests were carried out for four compounds commonly used against various fish pathogens to determine their 24-h LC50 values to fry of the African catfish, Clarias gariepinus (Burchell). Compounds tested and their calculated 24-h LC50 values (mg l−1) were as follows: praziquantel (13.4); malachite green oxalate (0.14); acriflavin neutral (10.0); and mebendazole (315). The results show that dosage levels of malachite green oxalate, praziquantel and acriflavin neutral recommended in the literature for the control of most fish ectoparasitoses caused substantial mortalities and cannot be applied to Clarias gariepinus fry.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2109.1995.tb00933.x
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Thermophilic Micro-organisms from Rotting Maize (1966)
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature 210 (1966), S. 220-221 
    Details
    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] Samples collected deep in the stack were plated out on Difco corn meal agar (for fungi) and on glucose-yeast extract agar1 (for bacteria) and incubated at 55 C. Three fungi, Thermomyces lanuginosus Tsiklinsky (I.M.I. 110803), Mucor pussilus Lindt (I.M.I. 110805) and a possibly new species of ...
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/210220b0
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Micro-organisms associated with Dead Insect Larvae in Nigeria (1965)
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature 208 (1965), S. 1015-1016 
    Details
    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] Where a visible fungus growth appeared on the larvae, a pair of fine flame-sterilized forceps was used in picking out spores and; or hyphae and incubating them at 30 C on glucose-yeast extract agar (GYA) containing 2 g NaNO3, 1 g KH2PO4, 0-5 g MgSO4, 0-5 g NaCl, 5 g yeast extract (Difco), 10 g ...
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/2081015a0
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Isolation of chitin from the shell of the cuttlefish, Sepia officinalis L.
    Amsterdam : Elsevier
    BBA - Mucoproteins and Mucopolysaccharides 101 (1965), S. 193-200 
    Details
    ISSN: 0926-6534
    Source: Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002
    Topics: Biology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/0926-6534(65)90050-3
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Comparison of cassava, yam and potato dextrose agars as fungal culture media (1971)
    Springer
    European journal of plant pathology 77 (1971), S. 134-139 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-8469
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Description / Table of Contents: Samenvatting Bij verggeljking van de invloed van aardappelglucose-agar (PDA), cassaveglucoseagar (CaDA) en yamglucose-agar (YDA) op de mycelium groei en sporulatie vanCurvularia pallescens, Phythophthora palmivora, Aspergillus melleus, Pestalotiopsis versicolor enThielaviopsis paradoxa, bleek CaDa in het algemeen de beste groei (Tabel 1) en sporulatie (Tabel 2) te geven. Cassaveglucose-agar kan beschouwd worden als een goede algemene voedingsboden voor het kweken van schimmels. Vooral in de tropische landen kan men hiervan een nuttig gebruik maken. De geschiktste cassavevariëteit moet langs empirische weg geselekteerd worden.
    Notes: Abstract In experiments in vitro at 20 and 30°C the fungiPhytophthora palmivora, Aspergillus melleus, Thielaviopsis paradoxa, Pestalotiopsis versicolor andCurvularia pallescens showed a better mycelial growth on cassava dextrose agar than on potato dextrose agar and yam dextrose agar. This also applied to sporulation, except for the last two fungi at 20°C, which sporulated best on potato dextrose agar.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02000553
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The ecology of micro-organisms on, and the decomposition of, insect wings in the soil (1966)
    Springer
    Plant and soil 25 (1966), S. 211-237 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5036
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Summary 1. The decomposition of the outer wings (tegmina) of the desert locust,Schistocerca gregaria Forskål was studied. Since insect wings are complex, various constituents were removed by (a) dewaxing in ether and (b) by deproteinizing dewaxed wings in NaOH. 2. Fungi, bacteria, actinomycetes and protozoa (identified by their morphological characteristics) were observed on the wings and wing residues on recovery from soil. 3. From the ecological observations, and the physiological properties of some of the micro-organisms isolated, it appeared that the chitin component of the wing is decomposed by a specialized group of organisms; among those encountered were a fungus,Mortierella sp., a bacterium,Pseudomonas sp., and two actinomycetes, both belonging to the genusStreptomyces. 4. All pieces of untreated wings were recovered from soil after 300 days whereas all the deproteinized wings (shown to consist mainly of chitin) had disappeared. The mechanisms capable of conferring resistance to decomposition in soil on insect wings as present in published reports are discussed. 5. The order of decomposibility as measured by the release of CO2 after 100 days was untreated wings, deproteinized wing and dewaxed wings. It was not possible to determine how much of the CO2 was “primed” as the substrates were not isotopically labelled.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01347820
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Development of baking yeast from Nigerian palm-wine yeasts (1994)
    Springer
    World journal of microbiology and biotechnology 10 (1994), S. 199-202 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-0972
    Keywords: Baking yeast ; composite dough ; protoplast fusion
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Abstract Two local strains of Saccharomyces cerevisiae, Nk, and Nk2, showed leavening activities of 103% and 102% of that of a commercial yeast strain on wheat flour and of 114% and 113% on composite dough with 40% (w/v) maize substitution. Yeast fusion products Nk/Ng, Nk/Nk1 and Nk/Nk2 showed activities of 104% to 113% on wheat flour and 111% to 131% on the composite dough. These advantages were maintained in the yeasts' baking properties and organoleptic qualities. The fusion products also showed enhanced osmotic tolerance, as indicated by good growth in 3%, 6% and 10% (w/v) NaCl and 50% (w/v) glucose. Viability of the fusion products, preserved by drying at 30 to 35°C, dropped to between 62% and 72% after 3 months.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00360887
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Amelioration of garri, a cassava-based fermented food by the inoculation of microorganismssecreting amylase, lysine and linamarase into cassava mash (1998)
    Springer
    World journal of microbiology and biotechnology 14 (1998), S. 835-838 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-0972
    Keywords: Amylase ; cassava ; cyanide ; Lactobacillus linamarase ; lysine ; Saccharomyces acceptability
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Abstract Lactobacillus delbruckii, L. coryneformis and Saccharomyces sp. were found, among 214 isolates from cassava-processing environments to be the highest producers of linamarase, amylase and lysine. The organisms were inoculated into cassava mash, individually, and with all three mixed together, and fermented un-dewatered for up to 120 h. The quality of garri produced from mash inoculated with a combination of all three organisms was greatly improved in terms of reduced cyanide content and the presence of lysine. When compared with garri made from singly inoculated mash, and the control, the multiple inoculated mash had the lowest cyanide content (0.3μg/g) after 24 h, as compared to the control (3.1μg/g), the highest lysine content (5.05g/kg) when compared with the control (0.40 g/kg) after 48 h fermentation, and was rated as significantle (P〈0.01) most acceptable by tasters. A compromise period of 48 h would appear best to ferment garri with the mixture of the three organisms, since the highest level of lysine production occurred from 48 h, although the highest cyanide reduction and the highest acceptability rating each occurred within 24 h of incubating cassava mash with the mixture of three organisms.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1008897711947
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Use of unmalted sorghum as a brewing adjunct (1990)
    Springer
    World journal of microbiology and biotechnology 6 (1990), S. 318-322 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-0972
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Description / Table of Contents: Résumé L'hydrolyse de trois variétés de sorghum non maltés par des amylases endogènes produit suffisamment de maltose et de glucose pour la fermentation ultérieure du moût. Les températures et pH optimum des activités amylolytiques du sorghum varient selon la variété. Pour deux variétés, l'activité β-amylolytique est optimal lors de son utillsation à 60°C et à pH 5, tandis qu'elle est optimale à 60°C et à pH 6 pour la troistème. L'activité α-amylolytique est optimal à environ 72 à 75°C pour toutes les variétés de sorghum. Les activités amylolytiques varient considérablement selon les espèces.
    Notes: Abstract Hydrolysis of three varieties of unmalted sorghum by endogenous amylases produced sufficient maltose and glucose for subsequent brewing of beer. The optimal temperature and pH of the sorghum amylase activities varied between the three varleties. β-Amylase was optimal when used at 60°C and pH 5 for two varieties but at 60°C and pH 6 for another. The optimal α-amylase activity was between about 72°C and 75°C for all the sorghum varieties. The activities of the amylases differed considerably between the species.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01201304
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Opportunities for training in microbiology adapted to the needs of Third World countries (1990)
    Springer
    World journal of microbiology and biotechnology 6 (1990), S. 437-446 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-0972
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01202131
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