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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Effects of Chemical Substances on Rate of Locomotion in the Amoeba Mayorella penardi (1985)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    The @journal of eukaryotic microbiology 32 (1985), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1550-7408
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: The relationship between the locomotive velocity of amoeba which had not been fed for 24 h and the concentration of the test solutions was examined. With solutions of L-amino acids, protein substances, and alcian blue 8GS, an increase in velocity began at very low concentrations, reaching a maximum at a higher concentration and as the concentration increased further, the velocity fell to zero. In contrast, no increase was observed with D-glutamic acid and β-alanine. Moreover, the velocity of well fed amoebae did not increase significantly even in L-amino acid solution. These results may suggest a correlation between orthokinesis and amoeboid phagocytosis.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1550-7408.1985.tb04051.x
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Circadian Motile Activity of Erythrophores in the Red Abdominal Skin of Tetra Fishes and Its Possible Significance in Chromatic Adaptation (1993)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Periodontology 2000 6 (1993), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1600-0757
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: The red abdominal skin of the neon tetra Paracheirodon innesi and the cardinal tetra P. axelrodi was found to blanch at night or in the dark. Melatonin added to the bathing medium caused blanching of the red skin. Microscopic observations of the erythrophores indicated that the erythrosomes aggregated in response to norepinephrine, melanin-concentrating hormone (MCH), and melatonin. Of these compounds, melatonin was the most effective. By contrast, many erythrophores were refractory to MCH. Alpha-melanophore-stimulating hormone, isoproterenol, adenosine, and ATP each caused dispersal of the pigment to some extent. Isoproterenol dispersed the pigment only when an alpha-adrenergic blocker, tolazoline, was present. It appears that the change in color of the abdominal skin is primarily due to increased secretion during the night of the pineal hormone melatonin, while other hormonal and nervous factors may modify the distribution of the pigment in the erythrophores.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1600-0749.1993.tb00578.x
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Changes in Adrenergic Innervation to Chromatophores During Prolonged Background Adaptation in the Medaka, Oryzias latipes (1995)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Periodontology 2000 8 (1995), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1600-0757
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: The pattern of adrenergic innervation to scale chromatophores of the wild-type medaka, Oryzias latipes, was examined by autoradiography with 3H-norepinephrine and found for the first time to be changed reversibly during prolonged background adaptation. In scales of the medaka, which was adapted to a black background for 10-15 days, a great number of melanophores and dense networks of varicose fibers were observed: many fibers built up a radial plexus around each melanophore. However, the dense distribution of varicose fibers disappeared with a decrease in the number of melanophores during long-term adaptation to a white background. As to the changes in the innervation pattern to amelanotic melanophores of the medaka, orange-red variety, a similar result was obtained. Although the increase in the number of leucophores was observed in the medaka adapted to a white background, no exact plexuses of labeled fibers were confirmed around leucophores. From these results, it is concluded that the density of chromatic nerve fibers changes in parallel with the variation of the number of melanophores during prolonged background adaptation.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1600-0749.1995.tb00772.x
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Neural Control of Motile Activity of Light-Sensitive Iridophores in the Neon Tetra (1989)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Periodontology 2000 2 (1989), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1600-0757
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Experiments with skin pieces revealed that the sympathetic nervous system controls the activity of the light-sensitive iridophores in the stripes of the neon tetra. The spectral peak reflected from the cells was shifted toward longer wavelengths as a result of a direct interaction between norepinephrine and alpha-adrenoceptors present on the cell membrane. Adenosine accelerated the recovery from the effects of the amine. Such regulation seems to operate when fish are in an excited state or under stress. Since alpha-melanophore-stimulating hormone (alpha-MSH), melanin-concentrating hormone (MCH) and melatonin caused the responses only at high concentrations, it is possible that these peptides and amine do not affect the properties of the light-reflecting cells in vivo.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1600-0749.1989.tb00243.x
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Divisionistic Generation of Skin Hue and the Change of Shade in the Scalycheek Damselfish, Pomacentrus lepidogenys (1987)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Periodontology 2000 1 (1987), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1600-0757
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: In addition to melanophores and xanthophores, there existed two types of iridophore in the dermis of the scalycheek damselfish, Pomacentrus lepidogenys. There are dendritic iridophores which reflect white light-rays by Tyndall scattering, and the round or somewhat ellipsoidal iridophores which reflect rays with a relatively narrow spectral peak from blue to green through the non-ideal thin-film interference. Most of the dendritic iridophores were covered with xanthophores and were situated over melanophores, thus constituting a kind of chromatophore unit which produces a yellow or yellowish-green color. The characteristic yellowish-green hue of the integument results from a compound effect of small contributions by more elementary colors. During color changes of the skin, the position of the spectral peak does not shift. Unlike the iridophores of the blue damselfish, both types of iridophore of the scalycheek damselfish were found to be inactive. It appears, therefore, that the aggregation and dispersion of pigment within the melanophores is the primary mechanism responsible for the changes in color of this species.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1600-0749.1987.tb00406.x
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Motile mechanism of blue damselfish (Chrysiptera cyanea) iridophores (1987)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Cell Motility and the Cytoskeleton 8 (1987), S. 85-90 
    Details
    ISSN: 0886-1544
    Keywords: blue damselfish ; motile iridophore ; microtubule ; colchicine ; EHNA ; Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Iridophores of the blue damselfish, Chrysiptera cyanea, responded to the sympathetic substance, norepinephrine by a shift towards longer wavelengths of the spectral peak of the light reflected by stacks of light-reflecting platelets (“coloring response”). All antimitotic reagents tested, i.e., colchicine, vinblastine, and podophyllotoxin, inhibited the response reversibly, while an actin inhibitor, cytochalasin B, did not. Erythro-9-[3-(2-hydroxynonyl)]adenine (EHNA), a dynein ATPase inhibitor, also blocked the iridophore response effectively. These results indicate that the tubulin-dynein system may be involved in the motility of iridophores, which is regarded as the simultaneous alteration of the distance between adjacent reflecting platelets within the cells.
    Additional Material: 8 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/cm.970080112
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