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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Rheologica acta 38 (1999), S. 235-240 
    ISSN: 1435-1528
    Keywords: Key words Particle image velocimetry ; High Deborah number flows ; Three-dimensional flow ; RAM extruder
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Notes: Abstract A large capacity RAM extruder was designed which provides the opportunity to study high Deborah number (D) flows, with D 〈 1,000. A modified version of particle image velocimetry was developed to enable the measurement of the velocity field in dies of arbitrary cross section. During the measurement process, tracer particles were simultaneously illuminated by both a focused laser beam locally and a lamp globally. Only those particles that passed through the laser beam were taken into account. The beam was scanned to achieve full field measurements. This method of measurement allowed us to find the location of a particle in the direction of the optical axis of the lens, i.e. that which makes the particle image on the CCD detector of the video camera. A device employing this method was designed and used to measure velocity profiles. The results of these measurements in two cross sections of the square die, at three values of pressure, are presented. The velocity was defined as the ratio of displacement to the elapsed time during which this displacement occurred. Errors in measurements of the coordinates and the observation time of particles were estimated as ±20 μm and less than 0.1%, respectively. A large plateau in the axial velocity profile was found at relatively small Deborah numbers, e.g. D ≈ 28. In flows with higher Deborah numbers, e.g. D ≈ 766, an almost flat velocity profile was detected. Two components of velocity, one longitudinal and one transversal, were measured simultaneously. However, the transversal component appeared to be less than the error of measurements and less than 1% of the axial velocity.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Journal of elasticity 7 (1977), S. 337-352 
    ISSN: 1573-2681
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung Ein Verfahren mit der stückweisekontinuierlichen Eigenfunktion hat sich entweckelt, die zwei und drei dimensionale Druckfelden der rechteckigen unisotropeblättrigen Schlämme anzufassn. Im besondern, jedes Plätchen vom Schlamm ist, als modelliert nach der genauen unisotropeelastischen Theorie, angesehen; derartig ist die unlösbare Verbindung zwischen anliegenden Plätchen angenommen. Weil die hervorkommende Eigenfunktionsbasis der Entwicklung vollständig ist, obwohl unorthogonal; ein Verfahren der stückweisebedeutunggegebenen Wiederorthogonalisation oder ausschließendlich, vielfachverbundene Version des Gram-Schmidt-Verfahrens ist verwendet, die Ausdehnung der Eigenfunktion aufzulösen. Für vollständige allgemeine Begrenzungwertlösung zu erreichen, sind auch die komplexe Serie und adjungierte Differentialformen gebraucht worden. Ungleichartigkeiten in der leitenden Differentialgleichung anzufassen. Viele numerische Experimenten sind eingeschloßen, die Fähigkeiten des sich entwickelten Lösungverfahrens aufzudecken; ebenso die potentielle lokale Wichtigkeit der Stoffunisotropie.
    Notes: Abstract A piecewise continuous eigenfunction procedure is developed to handle the two and three dimensional stress fields of rectangular anisotropic laminated slabs. In particular, each lamina of the slab is considered to be modelled by exact anisotropic elasticity theory such that perfect bonding between adjacent laminae is assumed. Since the eigenfunction basis arising from the development is complete but nonorthogonal, a piecewise weighted reorthogonalization procedure or alternatively a multiply connected version of the Gram Schmidt process is employed in solving the eigenfunction expansion. In order to obtain the completely general boundary value solution, complex series and adjoint differential forms are also employed to handle inhomogeneities in the governing DEQ. Several numerical experiments are included to reveal the capabilities of the solution procedure developed as well as the potential local importance of material anisotropy.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering 8 (1974), S. 295-310 
    ISSN: 0029-5981
    Keywords: Engineering ; Engineering General
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mathematics , Technology
    Notes: Through the use of complex series representations and the properties of adjoint differential operators, a semi-analytical finite element procedure is developed which can analyse the steady state and transient temperature fields of thermally anisotropic axisymmetric bodies with complete circumferential properties. Due to its generality, the procedure can handle arbitrary laminate construction with possible meridional and radial variations in locally or globally thermally anisotropic materials. In this respect, the procedure developed herein supercedes the classical semi-analytical treatment which is limited to specially orthotropic materials. Furthermore, in contrast with the classical procedure, the present treatment reveals several important effects of material anisotropy which are entirely missed by the specially orthotropic assumption.
    Additional Material: 10 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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