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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    CD4+IL-13+ cells in peripheral blood well correlates with the severity of atopic dermatitis in children (2005)
    Oxford, UK : Munksgaard International Publishers
    Allergy 60 (2005), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1398-9995
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Background:  In atopic dermatitis (AD) a Th1/Th2 imbalance has been reported, and interleukin (IL)-13 seems to play a pivotal role in the inflammatory network. We tried to assess the correlation between the immunological marker CD4+IL-13+ and the clinical phase of extrinsic AD in children.Methods:  Twenty children with AD were studied. Assessed parameters were: clinical severity (SCORAD index), total serum immunoglobulin E (IgE), blood eosinophil count, and percentage of CD4+IFNγ+, CD4+IL-4+, CD4+IL-13+ T cells. Determinations were carried out in the acute phase and after clinical remission were achieved. Ten nonatopic-matched children served as controls.Results:  At baseline, AD was mild in 25%, moderate in 50% and severe in 25% of children. In the acute phase a significant relationship between the eosinophil count and the SCORAD index was found (P = 0.0001). Blood CD4+IL-4+ were significantly higher in the AD group (median 17.0, range: 13.7–21.4) than in controls (12.6, 6.4–17.2, P 〈 0.0001). CD4+IL-13+ cells in the AD group well correlated (P = 0.0007) with SCORAD index. At remission, a significant correlation between SCORAD index and eosinophil count was found (P 〈 0.03) and the percentage of CD4+IL-13+ cells globally decreased (P 〈 0.0001), while no difference was found among SCORAD classes.Conclusion:  This study confirms the Th2 profile predominance in the peripheral blood of children with AD, and evidences close relationship between the number of CD4+IL-13+ T cells and the disease's severity.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1398-9995.2005.00733.x
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Nutritional adequacy of cow's milk substitutes (1998)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Allergy 53 (1998), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1398-9995
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1398-9995.1998.tb04980.x
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Chronic urticaria and associated coeliac disease in children: A case–control study (2005)
    Oxford, UK : Munksgaard International Publishers
    Pediatric allergy and immunology 16 (2005), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1399-3038
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Celiac disease (CD) and chronic urticaria (CU) are both sustained by immune mechanisms, but there are so far few data on their clinical association. We performed a case–control study to determine the occurrence of CD in urticaria and matched control children, and to assess the clinical relevance of this association. Children and adolescents were diagnosed to have severe chronic idiopathic urticaria in the presence of hives for more than 6 wk poorly or not responsive to oral antihistamines. Other known causes of urticaria had to be excluded. A matched control group without urticaria was enrolled. In both groups, the presence of CD was searched by assaying antitransglutaminase and antiedomysial antibodies, and confirmed with endoscopic intestinal biopsy. Results. CD was diagnosed and confirmed in 4/79 (5.0%) of children with CU and in 17/2545 (0.67%) of the controls (p = 0.0003). In the four children with urticaria and CD the gluten free diet (GFD) lead to complete remission of urticaria within 5–10 wk, whereas the disappearance of serological markers occurred in longer times (5–9 months). Conclusions. The presence of CD in children with CU was significantly more frequent than in controls. GFD resulted in urticaria remission. CD may be regarded in such subjects as a cause of CU.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1399-3038.2005.00309.x
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Prevention of new sensitizations in asthmatic children monosensitized to house dust mite by specific immunotherapy. A six-year follow-up study. (2001)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Science Ltd
    Clinical & experimental allergy 31 (2001), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2222
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Background Specific immunotherapy (SIT) is a recognized way of treating IgE-mediated respiratory diseases. The clinical outcome is usually better in allergic children than in adults.Objective To increase our knowledge of the ability of SIT to prevent the onset of new sensitizations in monosensitized subjects, so far poorly documented.Methods 134 children (age range 5–8 years), who had intermittent asthma with or without rhinitis, with single sensitization to mite allergen (skin prick test and serum-specific IgE), were enrolled. SIT was proposed to all the children's parents, but was accepted by only 75 of them (SIT Group). The remaining 63 children were treated with medication only, and were considered the Control Group. Injective SIT with mite mix was administered to the SIT Group during the first three years and all patients were followed for a total of 6 years. All patients were checked for allergic sensitization(s) by skin prick test and serum-specific IgE every year until the end of the follow-up period.Results Both groups were comparable in terms of age, sex and disease characteristics. 123 children completed the follow-up study. At the end of the study, 52 out of 69 children (75.4%) in the SIT Group showed no new sensitization, compared to 18 out of 54 children (33.3%) in the Control Group (P 〈 0.0002). Parietaria, Gramineae and Olea were the most common allergens responsible for the new sensitization(s).Conclusions According to our data, SIT may prevent the onset of new sensitizations in children with respiratory symptoms monosensitized to house dust mite (HDM).
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2222.2001.01161.x
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Impact of sublingual immunotherapy on seasonal asthma and skin reactivity in children allergic to Parietaria pollen treated with inhaled fluticasone propionate (2003)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Science Ltd
    Clinical & experimental allergy 33 (2003), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2222
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Background Immunotherapy is a recognized treatment for allergic respiratory diseases.Objective To study the usefulness of immunotherapy in combination with optimal pharmacological therapy.Methods Thirty-eight children (8–14 years) suffering from seasonal asthma±rhinoconjunctivitis due to Parietaria poorly controlled by anti-allergic drugs treatment were selected. After randomization according to a double-blind placebo-controlled design they received active sublingual immunotherapy (15 children) or placebo (15 children) for 13 months combined with inhaled fluticasone twice a day during the pollen season. Eight children were taken as control, whereas all patients were instructed to take symptomatic drugs on need. Early and late skin response to the allergen were assessed in all patients before and after treatment. Drug and symptom scores, as well as visual analogue scores (VASs) and Parietaria pollen counts were assessed during the pollen season.Results Groups were well balanced for age, gender, early and late skin response before treatment. Four children dropped out, in one case in relationship with active sublingual immunotherapy (SLIT) administration. Chest and nose symptoms, as well as drug scores and VASs were significantly better in both the active or placebo SLIT+fluticasone (S+F) as compared to the control group (P between 〈0.001 and 0.043). Eye symptoms were significantly better in the active S+F group as compared to control (P=0.025). The VASs were significantly better in the active S+F group as compared to the placebo S+F group (P=0.037). The early skin response decreased significantly in the active S+F group (P〈0.001), whereas the late skin response changed significantly in all groups, with an increase in the placebo+fluticasone group (P=0.019) and in the control group (P=0.037) and a decrease (P〈0.0001) in the active S+F group.Conclusion The clinical efficacy of S+F is equal to that of fluticasone alone, but the addition of SLIT has effects also on non-bronchial symptoms.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2222.2003.01809.x
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Successful combined therapy for refractory chronic urticaria in a 10-year-old boy (2004)
    Oxford, UK : Munksgaard International Publishers
    Allergy 59 (2004), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1398-9995
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1398-9995.2004.00580.x
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Anaphylaxis to sesame (2000)
    Copenhagen : Munksgaard International Publishers
    Allergy 55 (2000), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1398-9995
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1034/j.1398-9995.2000.00494.x
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Asthma after consumption of snails in house-dust-mite-allergic patients: a case of IgE cross-reactivity (1996)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Allergy 51 (1996), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1398-9995
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: A group of 28 patients from Italy was studied who had asthma after consumption of snail. All patients also had asthma and/or rhinitis caused by house-dust mite. RAST analyses confirmed the combined sensitization to snail and mite. In a few sera, IgE antibodies reactive with other foods of invertebrate origin (mussel and shrimp) were detected. RAST inhibition showed that most IgE antibodies against snail were cross-reactive with house-dust mite. In contrast, the mite RAST was not significantly inhibited by snail. This indicates that house-dust mite was the sensitizing agent. Immunoblot analyses revealed multiple bands in snail extract recognized by IgE. In contrast to what has been described for cross-reactivity between shrimp and mite, tropomyosin played only a minor role as a cross-reactive allergen in these patients. The observations in this study indicate that snail consumption can cause severe asthmatic symptoms in house-dust-mite-allergic patients. It might, therefore, be advisable to screen mite-allergic asthma patients for allergy to snail and other invertebrate animal foods.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1398-9995.1996.tb04635.x
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Sublingual immunotherapy abrogates seasonal bronchial hyperresponsiveness in children with Parietaria-induced respiratory allergy: a randomized controlled trial (2004)
    Oxford, UK : Munksgaard International Publishers
    Allergy 59 (2004), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1398-9995
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Background:  The use of immunotherapy in asthmatic children is still controversial. Sublingual immunotherapy (SLIT) may represent an advance, due to the good safety profile, but little is known about its effects on lung function and nonspecific bronchial responsiveness.Objective:  The aim of this study was to assess the effects of SLIT on these parameters, in children with Parietaria pollen-induced asthma.Methods:  Thirty children with asthma solely due to Parietaria who participated in a previous randomized, placebo-controlled trial with SLIT were studied: pulmonary function test and methacholine challenge were carried out at baseline in winter 1999 (out season), during the 1999 season (before randomization), and during the 2001 season.Results:  Before randomization, there was a significant fall in methacholine provocation concentration during the pollen season vs baseline in both groups (SLIT group 9.78 ± 5.95 mg/ml vs 3.37 ± 2.99 mg/ml; placebo 8.70 ± 6.25 mg/ml vs 2.44 ± 2.25 mg/ml; P = .005). In the second pollen season, the response to methacholine returned to baseline values in the active group (9.10 ± 7.7 mg/ml; P = NS vs baseline), whereas in the placebo group a significant increase in reactivity was still present (2.46 ± 2.26; P = 0.008 vs baseline). No significant difference in FEV1 and FEF25−75 between the two groups was observed at all times.Conclusions:  Our data show that SLIT abrogates the seasonal bronchial hyperreactivity in children with asthma due to Parietaria. This may be regarded as an indirect evidence of the effect on bronchial inflammation.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1398-9995.2004.00578.x
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Molecular analysis of sequence variants in the Fcɛ receptor I β gene and IL-4 gene promoter in Italian atopic families (2004)
    Oxford, UK : Munksgaard International Publishers
    Allergy 59 (2004), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1398-9995
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Background:  The genetic variants in the Fcɛ receptor I β gene (Glu237Gly) and the T allele of the (C590T) polymorphism of interleukin (IL)-4 gene promoter were reported to be associated with atopy. But the data of the studies in different populations are contrasting with one another.Methods:  A group of 25 Italian nuclear families were studied. In each family at least two allergic subjects were present. The allergic children were 65 and the allergic relatives were 35. One hundred and three nonallergic unrelated controls included outpatiens with no history of atopy. The (C590T) promoter polymorphism of the IL-4 and the genetic variant Glu237Gly of Fcɛ RI β genes were analysed by the polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism method.Results:  A significant difference was observed in the genotype frequency at codon 237 of the Fcɛ RI β gene between allergic children and nonatopic control (P 〈 0.01) and in the allergic relatives (P 〈 0.001). In the children, the Glu237Gly polymorphism was also associated with elevated circulating levels of immunoglobulin E. The -590C/T allele of IL-4 promoter gene showed no association with atopy.Conclusions:  In our study, the Glu237Gly polymorphism of the Fcɛ RI β gene was associated with atopy. Our results have not pointed out an association between the (C590T) promoter polymorphism of the IL-4 gene and atopy. These data suggest the potential role of the Fc RI β gene in the development of the allergy.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1398-9995.2003.00385.x
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