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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Regulation of the lateral wall stiffness by acetylcholine and GABA in the outer hair cells of the guinea pig (2004)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Science Ltd
    European journal of neuroscience 20 (2004), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1460-9568
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Acetylcholine (ACh) and GABA, the main neurotransmitters of the efferent innervation of the outer hair cells (OHCs), are assumed to regulate the efficacy of the cochlear amplifier through a variety of mechanisms. The recently described stretch-induced changes of the lateral wall stiffness (regulatory stiffness response) and the stretch-induced slow cell motility of OHCs may be important regulatory mechanisms in this process [J.T. Batta et al. (2003) Eur. J. Physiol. 424, 328–336]. We found that ACh in cochleobasal OHCs significantly reduces the stiffness of the lateral wall but increases the regulatory stiffness response and stretch-induced slow cell motility. Qualitatively similar cellular responses were evoked by GABA in cochleoapical OHCs. The effects of ACh could be inhibited by strychnine, the specific inhibitor of the α9 ACh receptors expressed in OHCs, whereas the effects of GABA could be blocked by bicuculline, a specific GABAA receptor antagonist. In the absence of extracellular Ca2+ the effects of ACh and GABA on the regulatory stiffness response were reduced, indicating the involvement of Ca2+ in the control of this process. Based on our results we suggest that efferent innervation protects the organ of Corti against high sound intensities and supports adaptation by modification of the micromechanical properties of OHCs. This could be governed by ACh and GABA indirectly, via the potentiation of stretch-induced cell shortening in a Ca2+-dependent manner, rather than by a direct stiffness regulation-related mechanism.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1460-9568.2004.03797.x
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Plasma-membrane-Bound mcromoleculas are dynamically aggregated to form non-random codistribution patterns of selected functional elements. Do pattern recognition processes govern antigen presentation and intercellular interactions? (1995)
    Chicester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Molecular Recognition 8 (1995), S. 237-246 
    Details
    ISSN: 0952-3499
    Keywords: cell surface ; molecular pattern ; energy transfer ; fluorescence ; flow cytometry ; transmembrane potential ; intercellular communication ; MHC ; antigen presentation ; intercellular communication ; Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Molecular recognition processes between cell surface elements are discussed with special reference to cell surface pattern formation of membrane-bound integral proteins. The existence, as detected by flow cytometric resonance energy transfer (Appendix), and significance of cell surface patterns involving the interleukin-2 receptor, the T-cell receptor-CD3 system, the intercellular adhesion molecule ICAM-1, and the major histocompatilibilty complex class I and II molecules in the plasma membrane of lymphocytes are described. The modulation of antigen presentation by transmembrane potential changes is discussed, and a general role of transmembrane potential changes, and therefore of icon channel activities, adduced as one of the major regulatory mechanisms of cell-cell communications. A general role in the mediation and regulation of intercellular interactions is suggested for cell-surface macromolecular patterns. The dynamic pattern of protein and lipid molecules in the plasma membrane is generated by the genetic code, but has a remarkable flexibility and may be one of the major instruments of accomodation and recognition processes at the cellular level.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jmr.300080402
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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