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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Berkeley, Calif. : Berkeley Electronic Press (now: De Gruyter)
    Contributions to economic analysis & policy 5.2006, 1, art29 
    ISSN: 1538-0645
    Source: Berkeley Electronic Press Academic Journals
    Topics: Economics
    Notes: In the light of recent policies aiming at raising the computer literacy of young generations and at reducing the digital divide, this paper analyzes to what extent the probability of an individual having computer abilities is affected by the computer skills of her household's other members, i.e. if there are significant within household peer effects. We show how peer effects can be identified when skills are measured with a continuous variable and the learning costs are increasing and convex. Our application on a sample of Italian households indicates that peer abilities within a family significantly increase the individual probability of being skilled.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Infection 24 (1996), S. 91-94 
    ISSN: 1439-0973
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung Die Wirksamkeit verschiedener Therapieregime für die Behandlung der Lyme-Arthritis wird in einer Übersicht dargestellt. Als erster Behandlungsmodus für die Lyme-Arthritis wurde intramuskulär appliziertes Benzathinpenicillin in einer Dosierung von 2,4 Mio IE wöchentlich für drei Wochen eingesetzt. Die Erfolgrate lag bei 35%. Mit Penicillin G in einer Dosierung von 20 Mio IE i.v. täglich für 10 Tage wurden 55% der Patienten geheilt. Ceftriaxon i.v. verbesserte die Ansprechrate im Vergleich zu Penicillin auf 94%. Neuere Berichte stellen allerdings diese Ergebnisse in Frage. Vergleichbar gute Ergebnisse wurden mit oralem Doxycyclin und Amoxicillin in Kombination mit Probenecid beschrieben, doch trat nach Behandlung mit Amoxicillin häufiger eine Neuroborreliose auf. Einzelfallberichte weisen auf die Wirkung einer Langzeitbehandlung mit Benzathinpenicillin bei chronischer Lyme-Arthritis hin. Möglicherweise läßt sich durch Langzeitbehandlung mit Antibiotika wie beim Reiter-Syndrom auch eine Ausrottung vonBorrelia burgdorferi aus seinen Schlupfwinkeln erreichen. Medikamente, die den Krankheitsverlauf beeinflussen wie Hydroxychloroquin oder Sulphazalasin, das häufig zur Behandlung von reaktiven Arthritiden nach Darminfektionen eingesetzt wird, sind möglicherweise bei antibiotikaresistenter Lyme-Arthritis von Wert, doch liegen bisher keine Studien vor. Die intraartikuläre Injektion von Kortikosteroiden wird nach wie vor kontrovers diskutiert. Die Antibiotikatherapie ist der Eckstein der Behandlung der Lyme-Arthritis. Weitergehende Maßnahmen sollten bei Patienten mit antibiotikaresistenter Lyme-Arthritis geprüft werden.
    Notes: Summary The efficacy of different therapeutic regimens for Lyme arthritis is reviewed. The first treatment for Lyme arthritis, intramuscular benzathine penicillin 2.4 million units weekly for 3 weeks, had a success rate of 35%. Another study employed intravenous penicillin G at a dosage of 20 million units daily for 10 days, which cured 55% of patients. Intravenous ceftriaxone has been shown to be superior to penicillin with a response rate of 94%. However, these results have been challenged in recent reports. Oral doxycycline or amoxicillin in association with probenecid seems to work equally well although neuroborreliosis was more frequent following treatment with amoxicillin. An anecdotal report indicates the usefulness of long-term benzathine penicillin for chronic Lyme arthritis. Long-term antibiotic therapy, which is recommended also for Reiter's syndrome, may be useful for eradicating the sanctuaries ofBorrelia burgdorferi. Disease-modifying drugs such as hydroxychloroquine or sulphasalazine, a drug which is commonly used in reactive arthritis following enteric infections, may be of value in Lyme arthritis resistant to antibiotics but have not been tested to date. The role of intraarticular injections of steroids or synovectomy is still controversial. Antibiotic treatment is the cornerstone of Lyme arthritis treatment. Additional interventions should be studied for patients with Lyme arthritis resistant to antibiotics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    ISSN: 1573-2568
    Keywords: GASTRIC ACIDITY ; NSAIDs ; pH MONITORING ; RHEUMATOID ARTHRITIS
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract The use of NSAIDs is strongly associated withpeptic ulceration. The inhibition of prostaglandinsynthesis with the consequent increase of gastricacidity is considered a possible mechanism. Therefore we decided to assess the effect of one-monthtreatment with NSAIDs on the circadian gastric pH ofrheumatoid arthritis (RA) patients. We studied 11consecutive patients (one man and 10 women, median age55, range 26-72 years) with confirmed RA. None wasH. pylori positive. A 24-hr gastric pH recording wasperformed both in basal conditions and after one-monthtreatment with either indomethacin 150 mg/day (eight cases) or ketoprofen 300 mg/day (three cases).Only the 10 female patients were eligible for finalanalysis, and six matched healthy subjects not takingNSAIDs were used as control group. The number of 24-hr pH readings for various pH thresholds wascalculated for both populations. The highest acid levels(pH 〈 3.0) did not differ between the two pH profilesof the control group (7440 vs 7391, P = NS), while they predominated after the one-month NSAIDtreatment (10,339 vs 11,440, P 〈 0.001) in RApatients. These findings show that there is an increasedgastric acidity after one-month of treatment with NSAIDs in female patients with RA of recent onset.This may sustain the rationale of using antisecretoryagents to prevent gastroduodenal ulcerations in thesepatients.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Engineering with computers 1 (1986), S. 161-173 
    ISSN: 1435-5663
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Computer Science , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Technology
    Notes: Abstract The application of probability techniques in structural engineering has seen ample development in the last decade. Yet, the software used for engineering probability computations often lacks generality. The functional needs to be satisfied by general purpose software for engineering applications of probability methods are presented. An analysis of these needs suggests a software design philosophy based on the concept of a software virtual machine for probability computations. The virtual machine architecture and software design are explained. An example problem, in seismic risk analysis, solved with software based on this design is described.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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