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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Science Ltd
    British journal of dermatology 148 (2003), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1365-2133
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    International journal of thermophysics 20 (1999), S. 519-530 
    ISSN: 1572-9567
    Keywords: activity coefficients ; binary interaction parameters ; equation of state ; fugacity coefficients ; HFC-32/134a mixture ; HFC-125/134a mixture ; thermodynamic consistency ; vapor–liquid equilibrium
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Abstract A vapor-liquid equilibrium apparatus has been developed and used to obtain data for the binary HFC-32/134a and HFC-125/134a systems. Twenty-two equilibrium data are obtained for the HFC-32/134a system over the temperature range from 258.15 to 283.15 K at 5 K intervals and the composition range from 0.2 to 0.8 liquid mole fraction. Twenty-five equilibrium data are obtained for the HFC-125/134a system over the temperature range from 263.15 to 303.15 K at 10 K intervals and the composition range from 0.18 to 0.81 liquid mole friction. These data have been tested and found to be thermodynamically consistent. Based upon the present data, the binary interaction parameters of the Carnahan-Starling-De Santis (CSD) and Redlich–Kwong–Soave (RKS) equations of state are calculated for five isotherms for the HFC-125/134a mixture and six isotherms for the HFC-32/134a mixture. The calculated results from the CSD equation are compared with data in the open literature.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    ISSN: 1572-9567
    Keywords: binary interaction parameters ; equation of state ; HFC-134a ; HFC-143a ; vapor–liquid equilibrium
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Abstract A vapor–liquid equilibrium apparatus has been developed and used to obtain data for the binary HFC-143a+HFC-134a system. Fifty-four equilibrium data are obtained for the HFC-143a+HFC-134a system over the temperature range from 263.15 to 313.15 K at 10 K intervals. The experimental data were correlated with the Carnahan–Starling–De Santis (CSD) and Peng–Robinson (PR) equations of state. Based upon the present data, the binary interaction parameters for the CSD and PR equations of state were calculated for six isotherms for the HFC-143a+HFC-134a system. The binary interaction parameters for both equations of state were fitted by a linear equation as a function of temperature. The present data were in good agreement with the calculated results from the CSD equation of state, and the deviations were less than 1.0% with the exception of two points.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    ISSN: 1573-6822
    Keywords: anthrax lethal toxin ; cytokine ; dehydroepiandrosterone ; melatonin ; tumor necrosis factor α
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract The lethal toxin of Bacillus anthracis, which is composed of two separate proteinaceous exotoxins, namely protective antigen and lethal factor, is central to the pathogenesis of anthrax. Low levels of this toxin are known to induce release of cytokines such as tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α). In the present study we investigated the effect of dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA), melatonin (MLT), or DHEA + MLT on production of lethal toxin-induced TNF-α in mouse peritoneal macrophages. We found that treatment with DHEA significantly inhibited the TNF-α production caused by anthrax lethal toxin. Exposure of MLT to anthrax lethal toxin-treated macrophages also decreased the release of TNF-α to the extracellular medium as compared to the control. However, combined use of DHEA and MLT also inhibited TNF-α release, but not more than single therapies. These results suggest that DHEA and MLT may have a therapeutic role in reducing the increased cytokine production induced by anthrax lethal toxin.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 5
    ISSN: 1573-6822
    Keywords: anthrax lethal toxin ; cytotoxicity ; intracellular calcium antagonist ; macrophage
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract The lethal toxin ofBacillus anthracis is central to the pathogenesis of anthrax. Using primary cultures of mouse peritoneal macrophages, we have demonstrated that intracellular calcium release inhibitors protect against anthrax lethal toxin-induced cytotoxicity. The cytolytic effect of anthrax lethal toxin was markedly reduced by dantrolene, an inhibitor of calcium release from intracellular calcium stores. Pretreatment of macrophages with cyclosporin A, which has been shown to be a potent inhibitor of calcium release from mitochondria, also protected cells against cytotoxicity. These results indicate that calcium release from intracellular store may be an essential step for the propagation of anthrax lethal toxin-induced cell damage in macrophages. Thus our findings suggest that dantrolene, cyclosporin A, and possibly other drugs affecting intracellular calcium pools might be effectively preventing the toxicity from anthrax lethal toxin.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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