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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    IDENTIFYING DIURNAL FORAGING HABITAT OF ENDANGERED HAWAIIAN MONK SEALS USING A SEAL-MOUNTED VIDEO CAMERA (2000)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Marine mammal science 16 (2000), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1748-7692
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: The Hawaiian monk seal (Monachus schauinslandi) is thought to be a foraging generalist, preying on numerous species in diverse habitats of the subtropical Northwestern Hawaiian Islands. At the atoll of French Frigate Shoals, recent evidence of emaciation and low survival in monk seals prompted a search for their specific prey communities and foraging habitat.A video camera (National Geographic Television's CRITTERCAM) fitted to 24 adult male seals documented benthic and demersal foraging on the deep slopes (50-80 m) of the atoll and neighboring banks. The number of bottom searches for prey was compared by year, time of day, type of bottom, individual seal, and length of bottom time. Analysis of variance identified a significant interaction of seal and bottom type, explaining 65% of the total variance. Seals fed on communities of cryptic fauna (fish and large invertebrates) in transitional “ecotone” regions of low relief where consolidated substrate, rubble, and talus bordered areas of sand. Independent areal surveys of bottom types throughout the atoll and neighboring banks suggest that the type of bottom selected as foraging habitat represents a relatively small percentage of the total benthic area available.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1748-7692.2000.tb00932.x
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    EFFECTS OF VIDEO CAMERA ATTACHMENT ON THE FORAGING BEHAVIOR OF IMMATURE HAWAIIAN MONK SEALS (2004)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Marine mammal science 20 (2004), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1748-7692
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1748-7692.2004.tb01164.x
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    HAWAIIAN MONK SEALS (MONACHUS SCHAUINSLANDI) FORAGING IN DEEP-WATER CORAL BEDS (2002)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Marine mammal science 18 (2002), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1748-7692
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Plans to harvest deep-water corals in the remote Northwestern Hawaiian Islands, close to populations of endangered Hawaiian monk seals (Monachus schauinslandi), have raised concerns about the seals' use of deep-water habitats. Movements and diving patterns of seals studied at French Frigate Shoals (FFS) Atoll indicated two areas where five males out of 33 instrumented seals dove deep enough (300–500 m) to encounter commercially sought deep-water corals. Submarine surveys conducted at each location found beds of gold (Gerurdia sp.) and pink (Corallium sp.) precious coral suggesting an overlap between the foraging habitat of some seals and the target of the coral fishery. Areas adjacent to the coral beds that were visually censused using submersibles showed significantly fewer precious corals. Precious coral beds were not found on previous submarine surveys at other regions around FFS, supporting the notion that seals were selecting the areas with corals as forage habitat. Five male seals were fitted with back-mounted video cameras to document feeding among precious corals. None of the five seals dove deep enough to encounter precious corals (〉300 m). However, three of the seals visited beds of black coral (Cirrhipdhes sp.) at shallower depths (∼ 80 m). One seal was observed revisiting the black coral beds on three successive nights to feed on fish hiding among the coral stems.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1748-7692.2002.tb01031.x
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    FORAGING OF JUVENILE MONK SEALS AT FRENCH FRIGATE SHOALS, HAWAII (2005)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Marine mammal science 21 (2005), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1748-7692
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Emaciation and poor survivorship of juvenile Hawaiian monk seals at French Frigate Shoals atoll prompted a study of their foraging, using video camera technology (crittercam). Nine juveniles between the ages of 1 and 3 yr (six males, three females) were fitted with crittercam to identify their foraging habitat and feeding behavior. All feeding was directed at small (≤ 10 cm), cryptic, benthic prey. Older seals (ages 2 and 3), varied in their foraging intensity with most of their attention directed at shallow atoll depths (10–30 m). In contrast, the three yearlings focused all their feeding in the sand fields (50–100 m) on the atoll's outer slope. Bottom trawls were used to assess the prey abundance of the sand habitat and found 70% of the numerical catch was flounder (Bothidae). Extrapolating the yearlings' prey capture rate (0.13/min, derived from the crittercam video) over their total bottom time yielded an estimated 1–1.3 kg/day of flounder. The mean size of flounder (5 ± 1.7 cm) caught in the bottom trawls was close to the size at which larval flounder settle from the plankton (3 cm), suggesting that localized changes in oceanography could directly impact the seals' prey supply. Extensive use of sand communities by young seals may be the strongest link yet identified between juvenile survivorship and oceanographic dynamics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1748-7692.2005.tb01210.x
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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