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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Awakening Latency From Sleep For Meaningful and Non-Meaningful Stimuli (1974)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Psychophysiology 11 (1974), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1469-8986
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine , Psychology
    Notes: Personally significant and non-significant low intensity sound stimuli were used to determine awakening latencies from sleep stages REM and 2. Latency was measured from stimulus onset to a) the sleeper's own acknowledgement of waking, and b) alpha rhythm onset. Both stimuli were presented twice, once in each sleep stage, to 8 Ss. Voluntary response latencies in REM were shorter than in stage 2 (p 〈.025) but no difference was found for the latency of alpha rhythm onset. The personally significant stimulus, however, caused a significantly shorter awakening latency using both criteria. The results suggest that perceptual thresholds are low in both sleep stages 2 and REM but that the ability or willingness to organize a response is greater in REM sleep.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-8986.1974.tb00815.x
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A field trial with the molluscicide Frescon for control of Lymnaea peregra Müller, snail host of Diplostomum spathaceum (Rudolphi) (1971)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Journal of fish biology 3 (1971), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1095-8649
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Larval stages of the parasite Diplostomum spathaceum cause blindness in rainbow trout Salmo gairdneri (Richardson.) The adult parasite is found in the intestine of various species of gulls, and larval stages are found in various species of snails belonging to the genus Lymnaea.A field trial was carried out at Lodge Reservoir, near Chelsmford, Essex to test the effectiveness of chemical control of the snail Lymnaea peregra. The molluscicide, Frescon, was applied in the first instance to the whole of the reservoir to give a concentration of 0.025 p.p.m. in the water using a motorized applicator mounted at the rear of a small boat. A second treatment was carried out when only the periphery of the lake was sprayed to a distance of 5 m from the banks to give a concentration of 0-1 p.p.m.No L. peregra were found in samples taken 10 days after the second application of Frescon and it is concluded that this snail had been virtually eliminated from the reservoir. No mortality of trout was observed. Some of the sticklebacks Gasterosteus aculeatus L. were killed and this may be attributable to uneven distribution of molluscicide near the margin of the reservoir. There were no apparent side-effects on aquatic invertebrates or other wild life.Five months after treatment some re-population of the shoreline by L. peregra was observed, and applications of Frescon may therefore need to be repeated on several occasions during the season to maintain an effective level of control. However, where snail pests are confined mainly to the margin of such bodies of water, peripheral treatment may be effective and would be relatively inexpensive.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1095-8649.1971.tb03686.x
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Structure of 1-benzyl-7-methyl-1-azaspiro[5.5]-undecan-9-one, C18H25NO (1983)
    Oxford [u.a.] : International Union of Crystallography (IUCr)
    Acta crystallographica 39 (1983), S. 1573-1574 
    Details
    ISSN: 1600-5759
    Source: Crystallography Journals Online : IUCR Backfile Archive 1948-2001
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Geosciences , Physics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1107/S0108270183009312
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The infusion requirements and recovery characteristics of cisatracurium or atracurium in intensive care patients (1996)
    Springer
    Intensive care medicine 22 (1996), S. 694-698 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1238
    Keywords: Neuromuscular blocking agents ; Atracurium ; Cisatracurium ; Recovery ; Neuromuscular blockade ; Intensive care
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Objective To investigate the infusion requirements and recovery characteristics of cisatracurium compared with atracurium when both are administered by prolonged continuous infusion. Design A prospective, randomised, single-blind study. Settings The Intensive Care Unit of the Manchester Royal Infirmary. Patients 20 patients requiring a continuous infusion of a neuromuscular blocking agent to facilitate mechanical ventilation. 12 patients received cisatracurium and 8 received atracurium. Interventions Cisatracurium or atracurium was administered by continuous infusion for a minimum of 24h. The level of neuromuscular blockade was measured by recording the train-of-four responses using acceleromyography, the aim being to maintain 1–2 twitch responses of the adductor pollicis. At the end of the infusion period, the train-of-four was recorded until the ratio was greater than 0.7. Measurements and results The mean infusion rate of cisatracurium was 0.23 mgkg−1 h−1, compared to 0.62 mgkg−1 h−1. No time-related increase in infusion requirements was seen for either drug. The mean recovery time to a train-of-four ratio greater than 0.7 was the same (46 min). There was no correlation between recovery time and age, duration of infusion or mean infusion rate. Conclusions Cisatracurium provides a satisfactory level of neuromuscular blockade in adult ICU patients at approximately one-third the infusion rate of atracurium and with a similar recovery time.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01709749
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The infusion requirements and recovery characteristics of cisatracurium or atracurium in intensive care patients (1996)
    Springer
    Intensive care medicine 22 (1996), S. 694-698 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1238
    Keywords: Key words Neuromuscular blocking agents ; Atracurium ; Cisatracurium ; Recovery ; Neuromuscular blockade ; Intensive care
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract   Objective: To investigate the infusion requirements and recovery characteristics of cisatracurium compared with atracurium when both are administered by prolonged continuous infusion. Design: A prospective, randomised, single-blind study. Settings: The Intensive Care Unit of the Manchester Royal Infirmary. Patients: 20 patients requiring a continuous infusion of a neuromuscular blocking agent to facilitate mechanical ventilation. 12 patients received cisatracurium and 8 received atracurium. Interventions: Cisatracurium or atracurium was administered by continuous infusion for a minimum of 24 h. The level of neuromuscular blockade was measured by recording the train-of-four responses using acceleromyography, the aim being to maintain 1–2 twitch responses of the adductor pollicis. At the end of the infusion period, the train-of-four was recorded until the ratio was greater than 0.7. Measurements and results: The mean infusion rate of cisatracurium was 0.23 mg kg−1 h−1, compared to 0.62 mg kg−1 h−1. No time-related increase in infusion requirements was seen for either drug. The mean recovery time to a train-of-four ratio greater than 0.7 was the same (46 min). There was no correlation between recovery time and age, duration of infusion or mean infusion rate. Conclusions: Cisatracurium provides a satisfactory level of neuromuscular blockade in adult ICU patients at approximately one-third the infusion rate of atracurium and with a similar recovery time.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01709749
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Intestinal pseudo-obstruction with bacterial overgrowth in the small intestine (1969)
    Springer
    Digestive diseases and sciences 14 (1969), S. 200-205 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-2568
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary A patient with intestinal pseudo-obstruction and overgrowth of bacteria in the small intestine is described. Marked improvement occurred when tetracycline was given.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02235883
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Relationship between local temperature and heat transfer through the hand and wrist (1989)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Bioelectromagnetics 10 (1989), S. 77-84 
    Details
    ISSN: 0197-8462
    Keywords: human ; calorimetry ; dielectric heaters ; Life and Medical Sciences ; Occupational Health and Environmental Toxicology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Physics
    Notes: The heat uptake that resulted from immersing the hand and wrist into a water-filled calorimeter maintained at temperatures between 37-40 °C was measured under standard conditions in a group of eight subjects of either sex. The rate of heat transfer (W) increased exponentially with temperature and was a function of hand or body size and age, but not sex. The heat transfer rate normalized to hand mass (W.kg-1) was determined by temperature and age: best-fit mean values (and 95% confidence limits of the population) were 6.0 W.kg-1 (3.2-11.2 W.kg-1) at an immersion temperature of 37 °C and 25.4 W.kg-1 (13.7-47.0 W.kg-1) at 40 °C. The application of these results to limits on specific energy absorption rate induced in the hands and wrists by radiofrequency dielectric heat sealer welders is discussed.
    Additional Material: 1 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bem.2250100108
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