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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Thymic Oxytocin Receptors during Development and after Steroid Treatments in Adults (1992)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences 652 (1992), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1749-6632
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Natural Sciences in General
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1749-6632.1992.tb34374.x
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Effects of Steroids and Mating on Central Oxytocin Receptors (1992)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences 652 (1992), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1749-6632
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Natural Sciences in General
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1749-6632.1992.tb34375.x
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Analysis of Oxytocin Release by Microdialysis and Interactions with Progesterone (1992)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences 652 (1992), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1749-6632
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Natural Sciences in General
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1749-6632.1992.tb34376.x
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Estrogen Alters Oxytocin mRNA Levels in the Preoptic Area (1989)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Journal of neuroendocrinology 1 (1989), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2826
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Estrogen has numerous effects on immunoreactive levels of oxytocin (OXT) centrally, particularly in the preoptic lateral subcommissural nucleus (LSN). In this study in situ hybridization of a 38-base oligodeoxyribonucleotide (38mer) complementary to OXT mRNA revealed that estrogen treatment altered the pattern of OXT production in the rostral LSN and the more caudal anterior commissural nucleus. Rats were injected with 20 ng estradiol benzoate or sesame oil vehicle im 4 and 5 days after ovariectomy. On the sixth day all animals were perfused with paraformaldehyde-glutaraldehyde and their brains sectioned to 10 μm thickness in a −10 °C cryostat. Coronal brain sections were taken from four parallel levels of the preoptic-anterior hypothalamic area. These sections were mounted and hybridized in situ to a [l125]-labeled 38mer for 16 h at 37 °C. Washed and dried slides were processed for autoradiography and analyzed with a light microscope. The effect of estrogen on OXT production differed between the rostral and caudal sections in both the LSN and periventricular (PeV) areas. Estrogen significantly increased OXT mRNA levels in LSN cells while decreasing hybridization in the anterior commissural nucleus cells. Changes in frequency patterns in the PeV paralleled those in the LSN with a significant drop of hybridization in the caudal PeV. Neurons hybridizing 38mer probe were also found in several other areas including the ventral medial preoptic area, lateral hypothalamus, bed nucleus of the stria terminalis and the nucleus triangularis septi. OXT mRNA levels were affected by estrogen treatments and this effect differed between the preoptic area and anterior hypothalamus. The sensitivity of LSN oxytocinergic cells to estrogen has implications for estrogen-sensitive OXT-enhanced reproductive behaviors.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2826.1989.tb00115.x
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Effects of Mating and Estrogen on Thymic Oxytocin Receptors (1993)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences 689 (1993), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1749-6632
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Natural Sciences in General
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1749-6632.1993.tb55597.x
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Strychnine Alkaloid and Avian Reproduction: Effects Occur at Lower Dietary Concentrations with Mallard Ducks Than with Bobwhite Quail (2000)
    Springer
    Archives of environmental contamination and toxicology 38 (2000), S. 530-539 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0703
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Energy, Environment Protection, Nuclear Power Engineering , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract. Separate subchronic reproductive toxicity studies were conducted using mallard ducks (Anas platyrhynchos) and northern bobwhite quail (Colinus virginianus). Three groups (32/group; 16 male-female pairs) of 17-week-old ducks (F0 generation) were fed Purina® Game Bird Breeder Layena® diets containing mean (±SD) 33.2 (±2.7), 68.9 (±1.8), and 140.9 (±5.1) μg/g strychnine for 20 weeks, with some pairs in each group fed control diet during a subsequent 3-week recovery period. Three groups (32/group; 16 male-female pairs) of 19-week-old quail (F0 generation) were fed similar diets containing mean (±SD) 279.2 (±10.1), 557.4 (±43.5), and 1,113.6 (±46.6) μg/g strychnine for 22 weeks without a recovery period. Separate groups of ducks and quail (32/group; 16 male-female pairs) were also fed control diets (0.0 μg/g strychnine) in each study. There were 16 weekly collections of eggs for the mallard study (13 for the diet-exposure period and 3 for the recovery period), and 11 collections for the quail study. Eggs laid during the last 13 and 10 weeks of the diet-exposure periods for ducks (plus 3 weeks of the recovery period) and quail, respectively, were incubated. Each hatch of F1 generation ducklings and chicks was observed for 14 days. Key results were: (1) the no observed adverse effect levels (NOAELs) for F0 ducks and quail were 33.2 and 1,113.6 μg/g strychnine, respectively—quail showed no reproductive effects at the current doses; (2) decreased egg production and hatching success occurred for mallard hens fed mean 140.9 μg/g strychnine diets; and (3) “normal-hatching” ducklings from eggs of F0 mallards fed mean 140.9 μg/g strychnine diets suffered greater mortality than ducklings from the other diet groups. Possible mechanisms of strychnine action on avian reproduction are discussed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s002449910069
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Subchronic Dietary Toxicity of Strychnine: Bobwhite Quail Are Less Sensitive than Mallard Ducks (1998)
    Springer
    Archives of environmental contamination and toxicology 35 (1998), S. 498-505 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0703
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Energy, Environment Protection, Nuclear Power Engineering , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract. Separate, 28-day, subchronic studies of strychnine dietary toxicity were conducted using northern bobwhite quail (Colinus virginianus) and mallard ducks (Anas platyrhynchos). Five groups (five males five females/group) of 29-week-old quail were fed Purina® Game Bird Breeder Layena® diets containing mean (±SD) 484.2 (±17.0), 972.6 (±54.0), 1,870.8 (±176.1), 3,516.7 (±68.0), and 6,083.3 (±269.6) μg/g strychnine; whereas five groups of 27-week-old mallards (five males five females/group) were fed similar diets containing mean (±SD) 18.8 (±1.3), 91.1 (±27.3), 235.0 (±33.8), 484.2 (±17.0), and 972.6 (±54.0) μg/g strychnine. Separate “vehicle control” (0.0 μg/g strychnine) groups (five males, five females/group) were included in each study. Strychnine toxicity was much less pronounced in quail; no observed effect concentrations (NOECs) were 972.6 (±54.0) and 91.1 (±27.3) μg/g strychnine for quail and ducks, respectively. Several possible explanations for the species effects are offered, and some practical issues affecting the conduct of long-term, dietary toxicity studies are discussed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s002449900408
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Changes in immunostaining for oxytocin in the forebrain of the female rat during late pregnancy, parturition and early lactation (1989)
    Springer
    Cell & tissue research 256 (1989), S. 411-417 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Keywords: Oxytocin ; Hypothalamus ; Pregnancy ; Parturition ; Lactation ; Rat (Wistar)
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary Serial brain sections of female rats at late pregnancy, parturition or early lactation were immunostained for oxytocin. Immunoreactive perikarya were visible in the magnocellular nuclei in all experimental animals as well as in ovariectomized, nulliparous controls. During late pregnancy and at parturition additional immunostaining appeared in groups of perivascular neurons in the preoptic region, the lateral subcommissural nucleus, the perifornical region and scattered throughout the ventral portion of the hypothalamus. Immunostaining of almost all of these perivascular neurons disappeared by day two postpartum, while another population of oxytocin neurons, without association with blood vessels, appeared in these brain regions after parturition. Immunostaining of processes from oxytocinergic neurons in the periventricular nucleus increased markedly near parturition. Many of these processes projected toward the third ventricle. Oxytocinergic neuronal systems that are activated in late pregnancy and early postpartum may contribute to several physiological changes associated with parturition and lactation including the onset of maternal behavior.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00218899
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Mating alters topography and content of oxytocin immunoreactivity in male mouse brain (1991)
    Springer
    Cell & tissue research 266 (1991), S. 399-403 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Keywords: Oxytocin ; Mating ; Oxytocinergic systems ; Radioimmunoassay ; Immunohistochemistry ; Functional activation ; Mouse (Holtzman CD, C. River)
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary Sexual stimulation of males has been reported to affect hypothalamic oxytocinergic systems. In the present study we used radioimmunoassays of micro-dissected forebrain regions and immunocytochemical analysis of Vibratome sections to study the oxytocin systems of naive males, males killed after one mating, and males mated daily with different receptive females for 3 weeks. In males that had mated once, less oxytocin-immunoreactive neurons were observed in the paraventricular (PVN), supraoptic (SON) and periventricular (NPE) nuclei than in naive males. However, after repeated matings, the number of immunoreactive neurons and their staining intensity was increased in these regions. Furthermore, additional oxytocinergic neurons could be found in the lateral subcommissural nucleus, the zona incerta and the ansa lenticularis of repeatedly mated males. Oxytocin-immunoreactive neurons were only occasionally seen in these areas in unmated males or in animals that had been killed after initial mating. Radio-immunoassays of microdissected PVN, SON, NPE and the lateral hypothalamus confirmed the reduction in oxytocin-immunoreactive levels after a first mating by a male and the increase after repeated matings. It is likely that oxytocin secretion into peripheral and portal circulation is stimulated by the endocrine conditions associated with initial mating. These immediate effects may be followed by the activation of synthesis in oxytocin neurons in several sites of the basal forebrain.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00318196
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