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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    DNA TYPING OF DQ AND DR ALLELES IN IgA-DEFICIENT SUBJECTS (1995)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    International journal of immunogenetics 22 (1995), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1744-313X
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: IgA deficiency (IgA-D) represents the most common immunodeficiency syndrome of infancy. In most cases IgA-D represents an isolated immunological disorder, while sometimes it is associated with IgG subclass deficiency or with the presence of autoantibodies. We investigated the pattern of association of IgA-D with DRB1 and DQB1 loci of the HLA region by DNA molecular typing, which allows the identification of previously serologically undefined specificities. We also compared the gene frequency of DRB1 and DQB1 allelic variants between IgA-D subjects with or without serum autoantibodies. Our results indicate that the gene frequency of the DRB1*0102 subtype and of the DRBP0102, DQB1*0501 haplotype is significantly higher in IgA-D than in the general population. Furthermore, the IgA-D subjects with autoantibodies showed a positive association with DR4 and DR13 subtypes, thus supporting the hypothesis that genetic factors are also involved in the association between IgA-D and autoantibodies.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1744-313X.1995.tb00255.x
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    EXPRESSION OF HLA MOLECULES ON CELLS FROM FRESH EXPLANTS OF HUMAN DIGESTIVE TRACT CANCER (1986)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    International journal of immunogenetics 13 (1986), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1744-313X
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: It has been recently established that there is a correlation between the lack of MHC class I gene expression on murine tumour cells and their ability to grow and metastasize. We have studied the expression of HLA-ABC and HLA-DR products on human malignant tumours from the digestive tract using monoclonal antibodies, by indirect immunofluorescence on the cell suspensions obtained from 29 freshly explanted digestive tumours. Our results show that digestive tract cancers have an heterogeneous expression of HLA class I molecules on their surface. Whereas 50% have high levels of expression of these molecules (more than 60% positive cells), 25% have a moderate level of expression (20-60% positive cells) and 25% have weak expression (less than 20% positive cells).It has been found that there is a correlation between the level of HLA class I molecule expression and the degree of histological differentiation of a tumour. The absence of MHC class I antigens on human tumour cells, detected in this study, may play a relevant role in oncogenesis, as has been established in experimental models.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1744-313X.1986.tb01103.x
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Melatonin versus vitamin E as protective treatment against oxidative stress after extra-hepatic bile duct ligation in rats (2001)
    Copenhagen : Munksgaard International Publishers
    Journal of pineal research 31 (2001), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1600-079X
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: The aims of the present study were first to compare the effects of melatonin and vitamin E on the cholestasis syndrome and their protective effect on liver injury, and second, to evaluate the activity of antioxidant enzymes after treatment with these antioxidant drugs. Cholestasis was achieved in adult male Wistar rats by double ligature and section of the extra-hepatic biliary duct. Hepatic and plasma oxidative stress markers were evaluated by changes in the amount of lipid peroxides, measured as malondialdehyde (MDA) and reduced glutathione (GSH) in plasma and homogenates of hepatic tissue. Serum bilirubin, alkaline phosphatase (AP), and gamma-glutamyl-transpeptidase (GGT) were used to evaluate the severity of cholestasis, and serum levels of alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and aspartate aminotransferase (AST) were used to evaluate the hepatic injury. Both vitamin E and melatonin were administrated 1 day before and 7 days after bile duct ligation. Acute ligation of the bile duct was accompanied by a significant increased in MDA and a decrease in GSH levels in both plasma and liver, as well as a significant reduction in antioxidant enzymes activities. The overall analysis of both treatments showed that melatonin (500 μg/kg daily) offered significantly better protection against cholestasis and a superior protective effect on hepatic injury than did vitamin E (15 mg/kg daily). Although vitamin E treatment resulted in a reduction of parameters of oxidative stress, the results were significantly better after a much lower daily dose of melatonin. Moreover, melatonin treatment was associated with a significant recovery of antioxidative enzymes. In conclusion, the present paper demonstrates a correlation between the intensity of biliary tract obstruction and increased free radical generation, as well as a direct correlation between the level of oxidative stress and the biochemical markers of liver injury. Melatonin (at a much lower dose than vitamin E) was much more efficient than vitamin E in reducing the negative parameters of cholestasis, the degree of oxidative stress and provided a significantly greater hepatoprotective effect against the liver injury secondary to the acute ligation of the biliary duct.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1034/j.1600-079x.2001.310207.x
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    DNA TYPING OF HLA-DQ ALLELES BY GENE AMPLIFICATION OF DQA AND DQB VARIABLE EXONS: ANALYSIS OF DQA/DQB HAPLOTYPES (1992)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    International journal of immunogenetics 19 (1992), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1744-313X
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: In the present report, we describe a DNA typing method that allows detection of all the polymorphic variants of DQA1 and DQB1 second exons. By the oligotyping procedure provided in this paper, we are able to identify 8 DQA1 and 13 DQB1 alleles and to type random individuals in any heterozygous combination. We provide the hybridization and washing temperatures for using either 32P labelled or non-radioactive probes. The discrimination power of this procedure, compared to serological and cellular techniques, is remarkable. Therefore, this typing method finds perfect application in transplantation immunology and it will be very helpful to optimize the matching of unrelated donors before BMT. It is apparent from our results that despite the linkage disequilibrium present between DQ and DR loci, a DR specificity may frequently be associated to different DQ haplotypes. This is the case for DR4, DR7, DR8, DR9, and DR13 specificities.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1744-313X.1992.tb00080.x
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Obstructing colorectal carcinomas (1991)
    Springer
    Diseases of the colon & rectum 34 (1991), S. 759-762 
    Details
    ISSN: 1530-0358
    Keywords: Colonic neoplasms ; Intestinal obstruction ; Carcinoma ; Recurrence ; Survival
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Intestinal obstruction owing to colonic carcinoma is a relatively frequent cause of acute abdominal pain. The aim of this prospective study is to evaluate the prognostic factors that may influence the final outcome of those patients operated upon for an intestinal obstruction (OG) as opposed to those electively operated upon (EG). From September 1984 to March 1988, a total of 188 patients with colorectal cancer have been included in the study. One hundred thirty-five were EG, while 53 (28.1 percent) were OG. The mean ages were similar in both groups. Sex, morbidity, and mortality rates were equally distributed. Curative resection rate was significantly higher in the EG group (P=0.029). Tumor staging tended to be significantly more advanced in OG patients (chi-square = 9.054; df=3;P=0.026). Multivariate analysis (proportional hazards model) showed that the only independent prognostic factor was tumor staging (P=0.0000). Obstruction itself disappears as a predictive variable when tumor staging is introduced in the model. We conclude that obstructing colon carcinomas tend to be more locally advanced, that probably being the only reason for a worse long-term prognosis.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02051066
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Preliminary trial of a retroperitoneal approach for modified selective distal splenorenal shunt (1978)
    Springer
    World journal of surgery 2 (1978), S. 653-658 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2323
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Résumé Chez 13 malades atteints de cirrhose hépatique avec hémorragie massive par varices oeosphagiennes, un shunt spléno-rénal sélectif modifié, sans déconnection azygo-portale, a été réalisé par voie rétropéritonéale gauche. L'anastomose a été termino-latérale dans 9 cas et termino-terminale dans 4. Tous les malades ont survécu à l'opération. Les suites opératoires ont été extraordinairement faciles; aucun malade n'a présenté de symptomes ou d'anomalie biologique d'altération fonctionnelle hépatique. Un seul malade est mort d'hémorragie massive à la troisième semaine postopératoire. Aucun des 12 survivants n'a présenté de récidive d'hémorragie digestive. La dissection des veines splénique et rénale par voie postérieure, rétropéritonéale, est techniquement aisée. Cette voie d'abord peut être la seule utilisable chez les malades opérés antérieurement sur les voies biliaires ou le tube digestif et qui présentent d'importantes adhérences intrapéritonéales. Le shunt splénorénal sélectif par voie rétropéritonéale est une thérapeutique préventive efficace des hémorragies gastro-oesophagiennes chez le malade cirrhotique.
    Notes: Abstract A modified selective splenorenal shunt without “portal-azygos disconnection” through the left retroperitoneal approach was performed in 13 patients with cirrhosis of the liver and acute massive variceal hemorrhage. The anastomosis was end-to-side in 9 patients and end-to-end in 4 patients. All patients survived the operation. The post-operative course was extraordinarily benign; none of the patients developed clinical manifestations or biological evidence of hepatic dysfunction attributable to the operation. The only patient who died had an acute massive hemorrhage in the third postoperative week. None of the 12 surviving patients experienced further gastrointestinal bleeding. Dissection of the splenic and renal veins through the posterior retroperitoneal approach is technically easy. It may be the only alternative approach for portosystemic decompression in patients with dense intra-abdominal adhesions from previous operations involving the biliary tree or the upper gastrointestinal tract. The retroperitoneal approach for modified selective splenorenal portosystemic decompression is an effective method in the treatment and prevention of gastroesophageal bleeding in cirrhotic patients.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01556070
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A proposal for scoring marginal liver grafts (2000)
    Springer
    Transplant international 13 (2000), S. S249 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2277
    Keywords: Key words Marginal liver donors ; Primary non-function ; Delayed non-function
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract The aim of this study is to assess the effect of accumulation of marginal liver graft criteria on the immediate outcome of liver transplantation (LT). The last 325 consecutive LT performed in 293 patients were analyzed retrospectively with respect to donor acceptance criteria. A marginal liver score was elaborated on the basis of the following features: donor 〉 60 years, ICU stay 〉 4 days, cold ischemia times 〉 13 h, hypotensive episodes 〈 60 mmHg 〉 1 h, bilirubin 〉 2.0 mg/dl, ALT 〉 170 U/l, and AST 〉 140 U/l were scored with the value 1. The use of dopamine doses 〉 10 μ/kg per min and peak serum sodium 〉 155 mEq/l were labeled with value 2. The cut-off point at 6 months after LT revealed 42 deaths (14 %), with 65 graft losses (20 %) and 32 (9 %) retransplants. Recipient survival was not affected by the combined effect of marginal criteria. However, recipients transplanted with marginal livers with score 3 or more showed a decrease in graft survival (log-rank 6.21; P = 0.045) and an increase in delayed non-function rate (10 out of 33 vs 4 out of 156; P = 0.03). The use of marginal liver donors with more than three risk factors must be carefully reviewed or refused because of the cumulative dysfunction of these grafts.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s001470050334
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Lymphography of the thyroid gland: Is intraglandular dissemination of thyroid carcinoma possible? (1977)
    Springer
    World journal of surgery 1 (1977), S. 647-652 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2323
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Résumé Nous avons réalisé une lymphographie thyroÏdienne chez 82 malades atteints de goitre multinodulaire (41), de nodule thyroÏdien unique (36) ou d'hyperthyroÏdie (5). Six malades avaient un cancer. L'ensemble des examens a montré que chaque lobe thyroÏdien possède ses propres lymphatiques intraglandulaires qui drainent uniquement vers les ganglions cervicaux homolatéraux. L'absence de toute connection lymphatique entre les deux lobes thyroÏdiens jette un doute sur la théorie de la dissémination cancéreuse d'un lobe à l'autre par voie lymphatique. La lymphographie thyroÏdienne est utile pour mettre en évidence ou exclure la présence de métastases dans les ganglions cervicaux; elle pose donc l'indication d'un éventuel évidemment ganglionnaire cervical. La lymphographie est également utile pour détecter les petits nodules thyroÏdiens non repérables par les examens usuels.
    Notes: Abstract Lymphography of the thyroid gland was performed in 82 patients with multinodular goiter (41), solitary thyroid nodule (36), and hyperthyroidism (5). Six of the patients proved to have cancer. The studies showed that each thyroid lobe has its own intraglandular lymphatics and drains only to homolateral cervical lymph nodes. The absence of lymphatic connections between the two thyroid lobes casts doubt on the proposal that cancer cells spread from one lobe to the other by way of the lymphatics. Thyroid lymphography was found to be of value in demonstrating the presence or absence of metastases to cervical lymph nodes and, thereby, in determining the necessity for radical neck dissection. Lymphography was also useful in detecting unsuspected small thyroid nodules.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01556198
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Comparison of stationary vs ambulatory 24-hour pH monitoring systems in diagnosis og gastroesophageal reflux disease (1993)
    Springer
    Digestive diseases and sciences 38 (1993), S. 213-219 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-2568
    Keywords: esophagus ; gastroesophageal reflux ; pH-metry
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Twenty-four-hour intraesophageal pH monitoring is presently considered the most reliable diagnostic test for gastroesophageal reflux. Prolonged esophageal pH measurements can be obtained in hospitalized patients with a stationary technique and in ambulant outpatients by means of a portable device; however, there have been no studies that have examined whether the two approaches provide a similar diagnostic accuracy. We performed a prospective study to compare stationary and ambulatory pH-metry in the diagnosis of gastroesophageal reflux. Seventy-seven control subjects and 178 patients with proven gastroesophageal reflux disease were randomized to either ambulant or static pH-metry, which was performed with standard pH electrodes, sensors, and recorders. Reflux events (intraesophageal pH〈4.0) analyzed were: number of episodes; total, upright, and supine reflux time; number of episodes lasting 〉5 min; and duration of the longest episode. A composite score of all reflux events according to DeMeester was also calculated. The limits of normality were defined as the 95th percentiles of the control groups. Both controls and patients assigned to either pH monitoring method were comparable. Of 255 studies attempted, 243 (95%) were completed successfully. The results showed similar median values of reflux events for the two control groups and for the two patients groups. Percent total reflux time provided a good separation between normal and abnormal reflux, with a sensitivity of 0.92 for static pH-metry and 0.68 for the ambulant procedure (respective 95th percentiles, 3.4 and 4.6). The lower sensitivity of ambulatory pH-metry compared to the stationary method could not be attributed to the higher normal limit in the former; circumstantial evidence suggests that dietary restrictions by the patients to minimize symptoms during home monitoring were probably responsible of this relatively high false negative rate. In conclusion, the results confirm the accuracy of stationary pH monitoring in the diagnosis of gastroesophageal reflux and show that the ambulatory procedure is less reliable; its sensitivity could probably be improved by strict dietary standardization.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01307537
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