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  • 1
    ISSN: 1574-6968
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: A physical and functional map of Aspergillus tubingensis mtDNA type 2b was constructed and compared to Aspergillus niger type 1a mtDNA. The gene content and order, as well as the patterns of restriction sites, were similar. Two unidentified ORFs and several repeat elements were found in the region between the ndh1 and ndh4 genes on both mtDNAs. The sizes of the A. niger and A. tubingensis mtDNAs were 31.23 and 33.06 kb, respectively, the difference was principally attributed to the altered intron content of their cox1 genes.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    ISSN: 1574-6968
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Physical and functional maps of mitochondrial DNAs of Aspergillus niger strains representing different mitochondrial DNA RFLP patterns were constructed and compared. In spite of the high similarity in the organisation of mitochondrial DNAs among examined strains, differences could be easily recognised by applying molecular markers, such as the different intron content of the cox1 genes, the sequence of the intergenic regions between the Met- and His-tRNA genes and downstream of the tRNA-Gly gene. Intraspecific mitochondrial transfers between the heterokaryon incompatible mitochondrial oligomycin-resistant A. niger strain, as the donor, and other A. niger-sensitive strains bearing different RFLP patterns resulted in oligomycin-resistant progeny possessing either rearranged or unchanged donor mitochondrial DNA and recipient nuclei. Since the intergenic marker sequences of mitochondrial DNAs turned out to be identical in the donor and the progeny, it can be assumed that the oligomycin-resistant progeny inherit the mitochondrial DNA of the donor strain; this may either remain unchanged or may be modified by a mobile intron of the cox1 gene of the recipient mitochondria.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    ISSN: 1574-6968
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: The organization of mitochondrial DNA was investigated in the six collection strains of the basidiomycetous yeast Dioszegia hungarica (Cryptococcus hungaricus) isolated so far. Physical and partial functional maps were constructed. Two strains (CBS 6324 and 6576) were identical while three others (CBS 4214, 5124, 6953) differed not only in the distribution of restriction sites but in gene order as well. Results confirm the hypothesis that these five strains are representatives of different closely related species. The sixth strain CBS 6569 revealed a unique mitochondrial genome organization. Its mtDNA separated into eight bands on agarose gel without enzymatic digestion. These molecules carried mitochondrial genes, and RFLP analysis of the four largest molecules using frequently-cutting restriction enzymes (Kpn I and Sma I) showed them to have strongly homologous sequences. This unique mtDNA organization was also observed in a strain of Cystofilobasidium capitatum, providing evidence that CBS 6569 belongs to the Cystofilobasidium clade.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    FEMS microbiology letters 162 (1998), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1574-6968
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Double-stranded RNAs (dsRNAs) with molecular masses 1.7 and 5.0 kbp, respectively, were isolated from the strain Cryptococcus hungaricus CBS 6569. The dsRNAs were copurified with eicosahedric virus-like particles, 29 nm in diameter. This strain produced a protease-sensitive ‘toxin’ which inhibited the growth of strain C. hungaricus CBS 4214. The toxin had maximum activity at pH 3.7. The highest toxin amount was attained after a culture period of four days.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    FEMS microbiology ecology 40 (2002), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1574-6941
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Mycocin production was demonstrated in Trichosporon pullulans, which is a dominant member of the yeast community in tree exudates released in the early spring (spring sap). Mycocin synthesis was associated with dsRNA-containing virus-like particles. Natural strains of Tr. pullulans free of dsRNA have a sensitive phenotype, and a mycocinogenic strain cured of small dsRNA becomes sensitive to its own mycocin. The mycocin studied was active against isolates from tree exudations only but not against Tr. pullulans strains isolated from other habitats. No activity was found against any other yeast species. The competitive advantage of mycocin production at the population level was exemplified by the predominance of mycocinogenic strains both in laboratory model communities and in natural populations.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 6
    ISSN: 1572-9699
    Keywords: Aspergillus carbonarius ; intronal variation ; mitochondrial DNA ; restriction and functional map
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract For interpretation of intraspecific polymorphism and the considerable differences in the size of mtDNAs among three groups of A. carbonarius, restriction maps were constructed from several enzymes. Functional maps were also developed to compare genome organisations and gene content. The appearance of various mtDNAs of A. carbonarius strains are different in size, but their gene content is almost identical. The 1.1 kb size difference between two closely related subgroups (1a, 1b) can be attributed to the presence or absence of an intron in cox2 gene. This phenomenon demonstrates that the migration of introns is possibly responsible for the development of variable mitochondrial genomes in nature. The striking differences in size and restriction patterns between two main mtDNA groups might derive from both the intronal variations and the altered intergenic organisation.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 7
    ISSN: 0749-503X
    Keywords: arginine regulation ; ARG1 ; ARG8 ; CPA1 ; Life and Medical Sciences ; Genetics
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Repression or induction of the genes involved in arginine biosynthesis or catabolism, respectively, both require participation of the ArgRp/Mcm1p regulatory complex. Our previous work showed that those opposite effects were mediated by a similar arginine-responsive element of 23 nucleotides (that we now call ARC, for ARginine Control) situated close to the start of transcription in the repressed promoters and far upstream of the TATA-element in the induced promoters.To define more precisely the sequence and position requirements of the ARC element, we have now characterized by mutagenesis the promoter elements of the arginine-repressible ARG1 and ARG8 genes. We also identify a functional ARC in the CPA1 promoter, thereby confirming, in agreement with our previous mRNA pulse-labelling data, the participation of a transcriptional component in the arginine regulation of that gene otherwise submitted to a translational regulation.From the 12 ARC elements now characterized, we have derived a consensus sequence and show that such a synthetic element is able to mediate ArgRp/Mcm1p-dependent arginine regulation.An important new finding illustrated by ARG1 and CPA1, is that contrary to what all the previous data suggested, repression can be mediated by ARC elements located far upstream of the TATA-box. The new data suggest that the arginine repressor might inhibit transcription in an active process.
    Additional Material: 5 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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